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Zwangssyndrome bzw. Zwangsgedanken („obsessions“) und Zwangshandlungen („compulsions“) sind kein neues Phänomen. Ein bekanntes literarisches Beispiel ist Shakespeares Lady Macbeth. Martin Luther und Charles Darwin gehören zu den vielen prominenten Persönlichkeiten, die von dieser schwerwiegenden Störung betroffen waren. Viele der frühen Beschreibungen betonen den religiösen Inhalt von Zwangsgedanken, was einen wichtigen Hinweis auf die Natur dieser Störungen liefert: Der Inhalt von Zwangsgedanken spiegelt allgemeine besorgniserregende Themen der jeweiligen Zeit wider, ob diese nun das Werk des Teufels, die Verunreinigung durch Keime oder Strahlungen oder das Risiko einer erworbenen Immunschwäche (Aids) betreffen.

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Salkovskis, P.M., Ertle, A., Kirk, J. (2009). Zwangsstörung. In: Margraf, J., Schneider, S. (eds) Lehrbuch der Verhaltenstherapie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79543-8_4

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