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β-Adrenergic Stimulation

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Doping in Sports: Biochemical Principles, Effects and Analysis

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 195))

Abstract

Two groups of substances which stimulate the adrenergic system are listed as prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency. Stimulants are prohibited in-competition only and β2-agonists are prohibited in- and out-of-competition. While β2-agonists act directly on the target receptors, sympathomimetic amines can exert their action directly and indirectly. Due to differences in pharmacology but mainly due to differences in administered dose, differences in detection methods between both groups of substances exist although preparation is similar and consists of an extraction at basic pH. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry has been the detection methodology of choice for several decades. However, the importance of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry as a preferred detection methodology is rapidly increasing, especially for the detection of β2-agonists and new additions to the list of prohibited stimulants, such as modafinil. Pharmacology, metabolism and detection of both groups of prohibited substances will be discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. DoCoLab, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Immunology and Microbiology, UGent, Technologiepark 30b, B-9052, Zwijnaarde, Belgium

    Peter Van Eenoo

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  1. Peter Van Eenoo
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  2. Frans T. Delbeke
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Correspondence to Peter Van Eenoo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sportbiochemie Dresden, Institut für Dopinganalytik und, Dresdner Straße 12, Kreischa, 01731, Germany

    Detlef Thieme

  2. Gamle Trondheimsvei 39, Hagan, 1481, Norway

    Peter Hemmersbach

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Van Eenoo, P., Delbeke, F.T. (2010). β-Adrenergic Stimulation. In: Thieme, D., Hemmersbach, P. (eds) Doping in Sports: Biochemical Principles, Effects and Analysis. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 195. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79088-4_11

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