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Safety Warnings for Automation

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Springer Handbook of Automation

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Abstract

Automated systems can provide tremendous benefits to users; however, there are also potential hazards that users must be aware of to safely operate and interact with them. To address this need, safety warnings are often provided to operators and others who might be placed at risk by the system. This chapter discusses some of the roles safety warnings can play in automated systems, from both the traditional perspective of warnings as a form of hazard control and the perspective of warnings as a form of automation. During this discussion, the chapter addresses some of the types of warnings that might be used, along with issues and challenges related to warning effectiveness. Design recommendations and guidelines are also presented.

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Abbreviations

ACC:

adaptive cruise control

ACC:

automatic computer control

ACGIH:

AmericanConference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists

ADA:

Americans with Disabilities Act

AGV:

autonomous guided vehicle

ANSI:

American National Standards Institute

DIN:

German Institute for Normalization

DOT:

US Department of Transportation

DSDT:

distributed signal detection theoretic

EPA:

Environmental Protection Agency

EURONORM:

European Economic Community

FAA:

US Federal Aviation Administration

FMC:

flexible manufacturing cell

FMC:

flight management computer

FMEA:

failure modes and effects analysis

FMECA:

failure mode, effects and criticality analysis

FTA:

fault tree analysis

HEA:

human error analysis

HEP:

human error probability

HFDS:

Human Factors Design Standard

HRA:

human reliability analysis

IEC:

International Electrotechnical Commission

ISO:

International Organization for Standardization

ISO:

independent system operator

JPA:

job performance aid

MSDS:

material safety data sheet

OSHA:

Occupation Safety and Health Administration

PHA:

preliminary hazard analysis

PSF:

performance shaping factor

RIA:

Robotics Industries Association

SA:

situation awareness

SDT:

signal detection theory

SLIM-MAUD:

success likelihood index method-multiattribute utility decomposition

THERP:

technique for human error rate prediction

WSA:

work safety analysis

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, 315 North Grant Street, 47907-2023, West Lafayette, IN, USA

    Mark R. Lehto Dr

  2. Center for Behavioral Sciences, Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety, 71 Frankland Road, 01748, Hopkinton, MA, USA

    Mary F. Lesch PhD

  3. Center for Behavioral Sciences, Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety, 71 Frankland Road, 01748, Hopkinton, MA, USA

    William J. Horrey PhD

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  1. Mark R. Lehto Dr
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  2. Mary F. Lesch PhD
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  3. William J. Horrey PhD
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Correspondence to Mark R. Lehto Dr , Mary F. Lesch PhD or William J. Horrey PhD .

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  1. PRISM Center, and School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, 315 N. Grant Street, 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA

    Shimon Y. Nof

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Lehto, M.R., Lesch, M.F., Horrey, W.J. (2009). Safety Warnings for Automation. In: Nof, S. (eds) Springer Handbook of Automation. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78831-7_39

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-78831-7_39

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-78830-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-78831-7

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

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