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Biomaterials

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Fundamentals of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Abstract

Application of non-living biomaterials can be conceptualised as the use of materials to replace lost structures, augment existing structures or promote new tissue formation [4, 5]. Common degradable and non-degradable implant materials can be divided into synthetically produced metals and metallic alloys, ceramics, polymers, and composites or modified natural materials [53]. Whereas non-resorbable materials like steel or titanium alloys are commonly used for prosthetic devices, resorbable substitute materials are currently being investigated for their utility in bone and cartilage replacement therapies. Whether or not a material is biodegradable, its surface properties will influence the initial cellular events at the cell–material interface. A major difference between degradable and non-degradable implants is that the surface adhesion towards osteoblasts or chondrocytes is changing in degradable materials, while it remains constant in non-degradable implants. The clinical fate of implants, substitute materials and scaffolds used in tissue engineering strategies depends critically upon the underlying material [54] and the mechanical properties of the material-based scaffold (Table 34.1). In the design process of cell-based implants and engineered bone and cartilage substitutes, it is important to consider the cellular behaviour of the desired cell source towards the material (for review see [66]).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomineralisation and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Experimental Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Münster, Waldeyerstr. 30, 48149, Münster, Germany

    Hans Peter Wiesmann

  2. Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Ulrich Meyer

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  1. Hans Peter Wiesmann
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  1. Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Ulrich Meyer  & Jörg Handschel  & 

  2. Department of Experimental Maxillofacial Surgery, Biomineralisation and Tissue Engineering Group, University of Münster, Waldeyerstraße 30, 48149, Münster, Germany

    Hans Peter Wiesmann

  3. Department of Internal Medicine – Cardiology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße 1, 35033, Marburg, Germany

    Thomas Meyer

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Wiesmann, H., Meyer, U. (2009). Biomaterials. In: Meyer, U., Handschel, J., Wiesmann, H., Meyer, T. (eds) Fundamentals of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77755-7_34

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77755-7_34

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