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Embryonic Stem Cell Use

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Fundamentals of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

Abstract

Over the last few decades reconstructive surgery and general medicine has shifted from a resection-oriented approach towards strategies focusing on the repair and regeneration of tissues. Artificial tissue substitutes containing metals, ceramics and polymers, to maintain skeletal function [6], and artificial devices, such as pacemakers and insulin pumps, have been used to reach this goal. These artificial materials and devices have significantly improved the possibility for clinicians to restore the form and, to some extent, the function of defective bones as well as to increased life expectancy of patients, e.g. with valvular heart disease or diabetes mellitus. Despite the fact that every artificial device has specific disadvantages, the use of biomaterials is currently a common treatment option in clinical practice. More detailed understanding exists concerning the transplantation of cells and tissues; thus, autografts are the second mainstay in clinical practice. The advantages of transplanting the body’s own tissues ensure that autograft tissue transplantation can now be considered to be the “gold standard” in bone reconstruction. The reason for the primacy of tissue grafts over non-living biomaterials is that they contain living cells, thus possessing biological activity. The main disadvantages of using autografts are donor site morbidity and donor shortage [19]. Research is currently in progress into the use of cell-based approaches in reconstructive surgery, since cells are the driving elements for all repair and regeneration processes. As they synthesize and assemble the extracellular matrix, cells can be considered the basic unit needed for a biological regeneration strategy.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, University of Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Jörg Handschel & Ulrich Meyer

  2. Biomineralisation and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Experimental Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Münster, Waldeyerstr. 30, 48149, Münster, Germany

    Hans Peter Wiesmann

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  1. Jörg Handschel
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  2. Ulrich Meyer
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  3. Hans Peter Wiesmann
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Ulrich Meyer  & Jörg Handschel  & 

  2. Department of Experimental Maxillofacial Surgery, Biomineralisation and Tissue Engineering Group, University of Münster, Waldeyerstraße 30, 48149, Münster, Germany

    Hans Peter Wiesmann

  3. Department of Internal Medicine – Cardiology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstraße 1, 35033, Marburg, Germany

    Thomas Meyer

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Handschel, J., Meyer, U., Wiesmann, H. (2009). Embryonic Stem Cell Use. In: Meyer, U., Handschel, J., Wiesmann, H., Meyer, T. (eds) Fundamentals of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77755-7_13

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77755-7_13

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