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Optical Coherence Tomography pp 1–45Cite as

Introduction to Optical Coherence Tomography

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Part of the book series: Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering ((BIOMEDICAL))

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging optical imaging modality in biomedical optics and medicine. OCT performs high resolution, cross-sectional imaging of the internal microstructure in biological tissues by measuring echoes of backscattered light [1]. Tissue pathology can be imaged in situ and in real time with resolutions of 1–15 μm, one to two orders of magnitude finer than conventional ultrasound. The unique features of OCT make it a powerful imaging modality, which promises to enable many fundamental research and clinical applications.

OCT performs cross-sectional imaging by measuring the magnitude and echo time delay of backscattered light. Cross-sectional images are generated by performing multiple axial measurements of echo time delay (axial scans or A-scans) and scanning the incident optical beam transversely, as shown in Fig. 1.1. This produces a two-dimensional data set, which represents the optical backscattering in a cross-sectional plane through the tissue. Images, or B-scans, can be displayed in false color or grey scale to visualize tissue pathology. Three-dimensional, volumetric data sets can be generated by acquiring sequential cross-sectional images by scanning the incident optical beam in a raster pattern. Three-dimensional OCT (3D-OCT) data contain comprehensive volumetric structural information and can be manipulated similar to MR or CT images.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139-4307, USA

    Professor Dr. J. Fujimoto

  2. School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4LU, UK

    Professor Dr. W. Drexler

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  1. School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4LU, UK

    Wolfgang Drexler

  2. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA, 02139-4307, USA

    James G. Fujimoto

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Fujimoto, J., Drexler, W. (2008). Introduction to Optical Coherence Tomography. In: Drexler, W., Fujimoto, J.G. (eds) Optical Coherence Tomography. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77550-8_1

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