Abstract
In this paper we have investigated a group of multi agent systems (MAS) in which the agents change their environment and this change has the potential to trigger behaviors in other agents of the group in another time or another position in the environment. The structure makes it possible to conceptualize the group as a super organism incorporating the agents and the environment such that new behaviors are observed from the whole group as a result of the specific distribution of agents in that environment. This distribution exists in many aspects like a super memory (or even a super brain) that exists in the environment and is not limited to memories of the individuals. There is a distributed decision making that is done by the group of agents which, in a higher level consists of both individual and group decision makings, and can be viewed as emergent rather than consciously planned. As the agents change the environment, they decrease the error for the group and hence a distributed learning is also forming between the agents of the group. This implicit learning is related to the implicit memory existing in the environment. These two interpretations of memory and learning are assessed with experimental results where two robots perform a task while they are not aware of their global behavior.
Any kind of military uses from the content and approaches of this article is against the intent of the authors.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Grasse, P.P.: La reconstruction du nid et les coordinations inter-individuelles chez bellicositermes natalensis et cubitermes sp. la theorie de la stigmergie: Essai d’interpretation des termites constructeurs. Insectes Sociaux, 41–83 (1959)
Beckers, R., Holland, O., Deneubourg, J.: From local actions to global tasks: Stigmergy and collective robotics. In: Brooks, R., Maes, P. (eds.) Artificial Life IV, pp. 181–189. MIT Press, Cambridge (1994)
Holland, O., Melhuish, C.: Stigmergy, self-organization, and sorting in collective robotics. Artif. Life 5(2), 173–202 (1999)
Clark, A.: Being There: Putting Brain, Body, and World Together Again. MIT Press, Cambridge (1998)
Theraulaz, G., Bonbeau, E.: A brief history of stigmergy. Artif. Life 5(2), 97–116 (1999)
Sharbafi, M., Daneshvar, R., Lucas, C.: New implicit approach in coordination between soccer simulation footballers. In: Fifth Conference on Computer Science and Information Technologies (CSIT 2005), Yerevan, Armenia (2005)
Couzin, I.D., Krause, J., James, R., Ruxton, G.D., Franks, N.R.: Collective memory and spatial sorting in animal groups. J. Theor. Biol. 218(1), 1–11 (2002)
Peshkin, L., Meuleau, N., Kaelbling, L.P.: Learning policies with external memory. In: ICML 99: Proceedings of the Sixteenth International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 307–314. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc. San Francisco, CA, USA (1999)
O’Reilly, R.C., Munakata, Y., Mcclelland, J.L.: Computational Explorations in Cognitive Neuroscience: Understanding the Mind by Simulating the Brain. The MIT Press, Cambridge (2000)
Matlin, M.W.: Cognition, 6th edn. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. Chichester (2005)
Sternberg, R.: Psychology. In search of the Human Mind, 3rd edn. Harcourt (2001)
Gleitman, H.: Psychology, 3rd edn. W.W. Norton and Company (1991)
Kolb, B., Whishaw, I.: Fundamentals of Human Neuropsychology, 3rd edn. Freeman (1990)
Atkinson, R., Atkinson, R., Smith, E., Bem, D., Hoeksema, N.: Hilgard’s Introduction to Psychology. 12 th edn. Harcourt Brace (1996)
Gazzaniga, M., Ivry, R., Mangun, G.: Cognitive Neuroscience. The Biology of the mind. W.W. Norton and Company (1998)
Kandel, E., Schwartz, J., Jessell, T.: Principles of Neural science, 4th edn. Mc Graw Hill, New York (2000)
Kolb, B., Whishaw, I.: An Introduction to Brain and Behavior. Worth Publishers (1990)
Baddeley, A.: Human Memory: Theory and Practice. Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah (1990)
Steward, O.: Functional Neuroscience, vol. 23. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)
Purves, D., Augustine, G.J., Fitzpatrick, D., Hall, W.C., Lamantia, A.S., McNamara, J.O., Williams, S.M.: Neuroscience. Sinauer Associates, Inc. (2004)
Andrewes, D.G.: Neuropsychology: From Theory to Practice. Psychology Press (2001)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Daneshvar, R., Sadeghi Marascht, A., Aminaiee, H., Lucas, C. (2007). A Quantitative Investigation into Distribution of Memory and Learning in Multi Agent Systems with Implicit Communications. In: Lungarella, M., Iida, F., Bongard, J., Pfeifer, R. (eds) 50 Years of Artificial Intelligence. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 4850. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77296-5_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77296-5_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-77295-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-77296-5
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)