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Cardiovascular diseases and the liver

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Abstract

Due to its twofold vascular supply (portal vein, hepatic artery), the liver is closely integrated into the systemic circulation. The total blood flow through the liver is 1,500±300 ml/min. Oxygen consumption amounts to 6 ml/min/100g LWW. (s. pp 21, 252) The portal vein supplies about two-thirds of the hepatic flow volume and is thus responsible for 50% of the oxygen requirement of the liver. The ratio between portal and arterial perfusion is about 2∶1; this may, however, be reversed by compensatory autoregulation in cirrhosis patients. Blood from the portal and arterial systems reaches the sinusoids, where both mixing and pressure compensation occur. The hepatic blood flow is mainly regulated by inflow from the hepatic artery, which can be doubled when more oxygen is required. With continued demand for oxygen, the high capacity of the liver cell to extract oxygen (up to 95%) compensates for a limited blood flow. The hepatic flow volume is about 20–25% of the cardiac output (CO).

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(2008). Cardiovascular diseases and the liver. In: Hepatology Textbook and Atlas. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76839-5_39

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