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Was ist kognitives Altern? Begriffsbestimmung und Forschungstrends

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Was ist Alter(n)?

Auszug

Das Alter kann von den Lebensperioden, die ihm vorausgehen und nachfolgen. nicht klar abgegrenzt werden. Wir können es nur als Veränderung, als Altern, erforschen und gestalten. Die Vielfältigkeit, Interdependenz und Dynamik der biologischen und kulturellen Einflussysteme, die das Altern bestimmen, stellen auch die kognitive Alternsforschung vor große methodologische Herausforderungen, also jenen Bereich, der sich mit altersbezogenen Veränderungen im Wahrnehmen, Denken und Handeln befasst. So können kognitive Leistungsunterschiede zwischen Personen, die zu einem gegebenen historischen Zeitpunkt unterschiedlich alt sind, neben, anstatt von oder in Interaktion mit primär biologisch bedingten Reifungs- oder Alterungsprozessen auch historische Veränderungen in leistungsrelevanten Umweltbedingungen zum Ausdruck bringen. Weiterhin können Leistungssteigerungen, die bei der wiederholten Messung kognitiver Fähigkeiten in Längsschnittuntersuchungen auftreten, Lerneffekte durch wiederholte Aufgabenbearbeitung erfassen, die mit Reifungs- oder Alterungsprozessen interagieren und die deren Bestimmung ersch weren. Schließlich gestaltet sich im hohen Alter die Trennung zwischen „normalen“ Alterungsprozessen, alterskorrelierten Pathologien sowie sterbebezogenen Veränderungen als schwierig.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max-Planck-Institut für Bildungsforschung, Forschungsbereich Entwicklungspsychologie, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin

    Prof. Dr. Ulman Lindenberger

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  1. Prof. Dr. Ulman Lindenberger
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Jacobs Center on Lifelong Learning and Institutional Development, Jacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759, Bremen

    Ursula M. Staudinger

  2. Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit J5, 68159, Mannheim

    Heinz Häfner

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Lindenberger, U. (2008). Was ist kognitives Altern? Begriffsbestimmung und Forschungstrends. In: Staudinger, U.M., Häfner, H. (eds) Was ist Alter(n)?. Schriften der Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse der Heidelberger Akademie der Wissenschaften, vol 18. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76711-4_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76711-4_6

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