Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Amplification of Ionization

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Particle Detection with Drift Chambers

Part of the book series: Particle Acceleration and Detection ((PARTICLE,volume 0))

  • 1416 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. G.D. Alekseev, N.A. Kalinina, V.V. Karpukhin, D.M. Khazins and V.V. Kruglov, Investigation of self-quenching streamer discharge in a wire chamber, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 177, 385 (1980)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. G.D. Alekseev,V.V. Kruglov,D.M. Khazins, Self-quenching streamer discharge in a wire chamber, Sov. J. Part. Nucl. 13, 293 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  3. G.D. Alkhazov, Statistics of electron avalanches and ultimate resolution of proportional counters, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 89, 155 (1970)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. G.J. Alner et al. (UA5 Collab.), A new empirical regularity for multiplicity distributions in place of KNO scaling, Phys. Lett. 160B, 193 and 199 (1985)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. S.R. Amendolia et al., Studies of the wire gain and track distortions near the sector edges of the ALEPH TPC, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 252, 399 (1986)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. M. Atac, A.V. Tollestrup and D. Potter, Self-quenching streamers, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 200, 345 (1982)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. M. Aleksa, M. Deile, J. Dubbert, C.W. Fabjan, C. Gruhn, N.P. Hessey, W. Riegler and T. Sammer, Rate effects in high-resolution drift chambers, Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. A (446) (2000), 435-443, also M. Aleksa, Doctoral Diss. Performance of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer, Techn. Univ. Wien (Sept. 1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. G. Battistoni et al., Sensitivity of streamer mode to single ionization electrons. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 235, 91 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. C. Brand et al., Improvement of the wire gain near the frame of a time projection chamber. Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 237, 501 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. J. Byrne, Statistics of the electron multiplication process in proportional counters, Proc. R. Soc. Edinburgh, XVI A 33 (1962)

    Google Scholar 

  11. M.W. Charles, Gas gain measurements in proportional counters, J. Phys. E 5, 95 (1972)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. S.C. Curran, A.L Cockroft and J. Angus, Investigation of Soft Radiation by Proportional Counters– Use as a Detector of Ultra-violet Quanta and Analysis of the Gas Multiplication Process, Phil. Mag. 40, 929 (1949)

    Google Scholar 

  13. S.C. Curran, The proportional counter as detector and spectrometer, in Handbuch der Physik, ed. by S. Flügge, Vol. 45 (Springer, Berlin Heidelberg 1958)

    Google Scholar 

  14. W. Diethorn, A methane proportional counter system for natural radiocarbon measurements, USAEC Report NY06628 (1956); also doctoral dissertation, Carnegie Inst. of Technology, 1956

    Google Scholar 

  15. A. Dwurazny, K. Jelen, E. Rulikowska–Zabrebska, inorganic gas mixtures for proportional counters, Nucl. Instr. Methods 217, 301 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. A. von Engel, Ionization in gases by electrons in electric fields, in Handbuch der Physik, ed. by S. Flügge, Vol. 21 (Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 1956)

    Google Scholar 

  17. G.A. Erskine, Electrostatic problems in multiwire proportional chambers, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 105, 565 (1972)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. M. Fisz, Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechung und mathematische Statistik (VEB Verlag Deutscher Wissenschaften, Berlin, 1954) (translated from Polish)

    Google Scholar 

  19. H. Genz, Single electron detection in proportional gas counters, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 112, 83 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. J. Groh et al., Computer simulation of the electron avalanche in cylindrically symmetric electric fields, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 283, 730 (1989)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, ed. by R.C. Weast (C.R.C. Press, Bica Raton, Fl. 1981/82), p. E205

    Google Scholar 

  22. R.W. Hendricks, The gas amplification factor in xenon-filled proportional counters, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 102, 309 (1972)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. G.S. Hurst et al., Resonant ionization studies of the fluctuation of proportional counters, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 155, 203 (1978)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. E. Iarocci, Plastic streamer tubes and their applications to high-energy physics, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 217, 30 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. R.W. Kiser, Characteristic parameters of gas-tube proportional counters. Appl. Sci. Res. B 8, 183 (1960)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. G.F. Knoll, Radiation detection and measurements (Wiley, New York 1979)

    Google Scholar 

  27. S.A. Korff, Electron and nuclear counters, 2nd ed. (Van Nostrand, Princeton, NJ 1955)

    Google Scholar 

  28. W. Legler, Zur Statistik der Elektronenlawinen, Z. Phys. 140, 221 (1955)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  29. W. Legler, Die Statistik der Elektronenlawinen in elektronegativen Gasen, bei hohen Feldstärken und bei grosser Gasverstäarkung, Z. Naturforschg. 16a, 253-261 (1961)

    ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  30. W. Legler, The influence of the relaxation of the electron energy distribution on the statistics of electron avalanches, Brit. J. Appl. Phys. 18, (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  31. M. Matoba, T. Hirose, T. Sakae, H. Kametani, H. Ijiri and T. Shintake, Three dimensional Monte Carlo simulation of the electron avalanche around an anode wire of a proportional counter, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-32, 541 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. H. Okuno, J. Fisher, V. Radeka and A.H. Walenta, Azimuthal spread of the avalanche in proportional chambers, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. NS-26, 160 (1979)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. H. Raether, Electron avalanches and breakdown in gases (Butterworth, London 1964)

    Google Scholar 

  34. H. Schlumbohm, Zur Statistik der Elektronenlawinen im ebenen Feld, Z. Phys. 151, 563 (1958)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. R.I. Schoen, Absorption, ionization and ion-fragmentation cross-section of hydrocarbon vapors under vacuum-ultraviolet radiation, J. Chem. Phys. 37, 2032 (1962)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. S. Shalev and P. Hopstone, Empirical expression for gas multiplication in He proportional counters, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 155, 237 (1978)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  37. H.S. Snyder, Fluctuations for Proportional Counters, Phys. Rev. 72, 181 (1947)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  38. F.E. Taylor, A model of the limited streamer process, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A 289, 283 (1990)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  39. R.A. Wijsman, Breakdown Probability of a Low Pressure Gas Discharge, Phys. Rev. 75, 833 (1949)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  40. R.S. Wolff, Measurements of the gas constants for various proportional counter gas mixtures, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 115, 461 (1974)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. MPI für Physik, Werner-Heisenberg-Institut, Föhringer Ring 6, 80805 München, Germany

    Walter Blum (Professor)

  2. CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

    Werner Riegler (Doctor) & Luigi Rolandi (Professor)

Authors
  1. Walter Blum
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Werner Riegler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Luigi Rolandi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Walter Blum .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Blum, W., Riegler, W., Rolandi, L. (2008). Amplification of Ionization. In: Particle Detection with Drift Chambers. Particle Acceleration and Detection, vol 0. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76684-1_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76684-1_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-76683-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-76684-1

  • eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation