Skip to main content

Wachstum und Entwicklung

  • Chapter

Auszug

Die Pädiatrie zeichnet sich als medizinisches Fachgebiet dadurch aus, dass sich der Kinderarzt mit einem Organismus beschäftigt, der sich ständig verändert. Dies gilt für einzelne Organfunktionen wie beispielsweise den Blutdruck genauso wie für das Kind als Ganzes. Das Kind wächst und entwickelt sich über viele Jahre. Es verändert seine Gestalt und eignet sich ständig neue Fähigkeiten und Verhalten an.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Ainsworth MDS, Blehar MC, Waters E, Wall S (1978) Patterns of attachment. A psychological study of the strange situation. Erlbaum, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Bayley N, Pinneau SR (1952) Tables for predicting adult height from skeletal age: Revised for use with Greulich-Pyle hand standards. J Pediatr 40: 426–437

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowlby J (1969) Attachment and loss, vol I, Attachment. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Denckla MB (1973) Development of speed in repetitive and successive finger movements in normal children. Dev Med Child Neurol 15: 635–645

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Falkner F, Tanner JM (1979) Human growth, vol 1-3. Plenum, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Fremmer-Bombik E, Grossmann KE (1993) Über die lebenslange Bedeutung früher Bindungserfahrungen. In: Petzold HG (Hrsg) Frühe Schädigung — späte Folgen? Bd 1. Junfermann, Paderborn, S 83–110

    Google Scholar 

  • Gasser T, Kneip A, Binding A, Prader A, Largo RH, Molinari L (1991) The dynamics of linear growth in distance, velocity and acceleration. Ann Hum Biol 18:187–205

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greulich WW, Pyle SI(1959) Radiographic atlas of skeletal development of the hand and wrist. Stanford University Press, Stanford (CA) and Oxford University Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Hunziker UA (1984) A developmental approach in the management of children with sleep disturbances in the first three years of life. Eur J Pediatr 142:170–173

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Caflisch J, Hug F, Muggli K, Sheehy A, Gasser T (2001a) Neuromotor development 5 to 18 years: Part 1. Timed performance. Dev Med Child Neurol 43: 436–443

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Caflisch J, Hug F, Muggli K (2001b) Neuromotor development 5 to 18 years: Part 2. Associated movements. Dev Med Child Neurol 34: 444–453

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Linden KJ (1979) Schlaf und Pharmakon. Roche, Grenzach

    Google Scholar 

  • Molinari L, Largo RH, Prader A (1980) Analysis of the mid-growth spurt. Helvet Paediatr Acta 35: 325–334

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Papousek M (1995) Vom ersten Schrei zum ersten Wort. Huber, Bern

    Google Scholar 

  • Piaget J (1975) Gesammelte Werke. Studienausgabe. Klett, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Prader A, Largo RH, Molinari L, Issler C (1989) Physical growth of Swiss children from birth to 20 years of age (First Zurich Longitudinal Study of Growth and Development). Helvet Paediatr Acta, Suppl 52

    Google Scholar 

  • Roche AF, Wainer H, Thissen D (1975) Skeletal maturity. The knee joint as a biological indicator. Plenum, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Roffwarg HP, Muzio JN, Dement WC (1966) Ontogenetic development of the human sleep-dream cycle. Science 15: 604–661

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tanner JM, Whitehouse RH, Marshall MR, Healy MR, Goldstein H (1983) Assessment of skeletal maturity and prediction of adult height (TW2 Method). Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Touwen BC (1970) The Neurological examination of the child with minor nervous system dysfunction. Clinics in Developmental Medicine. Heinemann, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Winfree AT (1988) Biologische Uhren. Zeitstrukturen des Lebendigen. Spektrum der Wissenschaft, Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Bowlby J (1969) Attachment and loss, vol 1: Attachment. Hogarth, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Bronfenbrenner U (1979) The ecology of human development. Experiments by nature and design. Harvard University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke AM, Clarke ADM (1976) Early experience: Myth and evidence. Open Books, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Garmezy N, Masten AA, Tellegen A (1984) The study of stress and competence in children: Building blocks for developmental psychopathology. Child Dev 55: 97–111

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hayes D, Whitehead F, Wellings A, Thompson W, Marschlke C, Moran M (1989) How strongly do genes drive children’s choice of experiences? Technical Report. Cornell Univ Ser 89:16–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Kagan J (1984) Die Natur des Kindes. Piper, München

    Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Pfister D, Molinari L, Kundu S, Lipp A, Duc G (1989) Significance of prenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors in the development of AGA-preterm children at 5–7 years. Dev Med Child Neurol 31: 440–456

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson GR (1982) Coercive family process. Castilia, Eugene, Oregon

    Google Scholar 

  • Plomin R, Thompson R (1987) Life-span behavioral genetics. In: Baltes PB, Featherman DI, Lerner RM (eds) Life-span development and behavior, vol 8. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, pp 111–123

    Google Scholar 

  • Quinton D, Rutter M (1984) Family pathology and child psychiatric disorder: a four year prospective study. In: Nicol AR (ed) Longitudinal studies in child psychology and psychiatry. Practical lessons from research experience. Wiley, Chichester, pp 133–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutter M (1975) Helping troubled children. Pinguin, Harmondsworth, Middlesex

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutter M (1980) Scientific Foundations of Developmental Psychiatry. Heinemann, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Sameroff AJ, Chandler MJ (1975) Reproductive risk and the continuum of caretaking casuality. In: Horowitz FD et al. (eds) Review of child development research, vol 4. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp 187–244

    Google Scholar 

  • Scarr S (1992) Developmental theories for the 1990s: Development and individual differences. Child Dev 63:1–9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scarr S, McCartney K (1983) How people make their own environments: A theory of genotype → environment effects. Child Dev 54: 424

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scarr S, Weinberg RA (1983) The Minnesota adoption studies: Genetic differences and malleability. Child Dev 54: 260–267

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tizard B, Hodges J (1978) The effect of early institutional rearing on the development of eight-year-old children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 16: 61–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Werner EE, Smith RS (1989) Vulnerable but Invincible: A longitudinal study of resilient children and youth. Adams, Bannister and Cox, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Werner EE, Smith RS (1992) Overcoming the odds: High risk children from birth to adulthood. Cornell University Press, Ithaca/NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson RS (1983) The Louisville twin study: Developmental synchronies in behavior. Child Dev 54:298–316

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Largo RH, Weber M, Comenale-Pinto L, Duc G (1985) Early development of locomotion: Significance of prematurity, cerebral palsy and sex. Dev Med Child Neurol 27:183–191

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Prader A, Largo RH, Molinaril L, Issler C (1989) Physical growth of Swiss children from birth to 20 years of age (First Zurich longitudinal study of growth and development). Helvet Paediat Acta, Suppl 52

    Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Prechtl HFR (1988) Beurteilung fetaler Bewegungsmuster bei Störungen des Nervensystems. Gynäkologe 21:130–134

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Fantz RL (1965) Visual perception from birth as shown by pattern selectivity. Ann NY Acad Sci 118: 793–814

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kakebeeke T, Largo RH (1997) Differences in movement quality at term among preterm and term infants. Biol Neonate 71: 367–378

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • MacFarlane JA (1975) In Parent-infant interaction. Ciba Foundation Symposium. Elsevier, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  • Melzoff A, Moore MK (1977) Imitations of facial and manual gestures by human neonates. Science 198: 75–78

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prechtl HFR (1977) The neurological examination of the full-term newborn infant, second revised and enlarged version. Clin Dev Med 63

    Google Scholar 

  • Prechtl HFR (1990) Qualitative changes of spontaneous movements in fetus and preterm infants are a marker of neurological dysfunction. Early Hum Dev 23:151–158

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Ahrens R (1954) Beitrag zur Entwickung des Physiognomie-und Mimikerkennens. Z Exp Angew Psychol 2: 412–454, 599–633

    Google Scholar 

  • Basler K, Largo RH, Molinari L (1980) Die Entwicklung des Schlafverhaltens in den ersten fünf Lebensjahren. Helvet Paediatr Acta 35: 211–223

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Birch LL, Johnson SL, Andresen G, Peters JC, Schulte MC (1991) The variability of young children’s energy intake. N Engl J Med 324: 232–235

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brazelton TB (1962) Crying in infancy. Pediatrics 29: 579–588

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Duc G, Largo RH (1986) Anterior fontanel: Normal size and closure in term and preterm infants. Pediatrics 78: 904–908

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eiholzer U, Bodmer P, Bühler M et al. (1998) Longitudinal monthly body measurements from 1 to 12 months of age. A study by practitioners for practitioners. Eur J Pediatrics 157: 547–552

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hunziker U, Barr R (1986) Increased carrying reduces infant crying: A randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics 77: 641–648

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klackenberg G (1971) A prospective longitudinal study of children. Data on psychic health and development up to 8 years of age. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 224

    Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH (1993) Babyjahre. Carlsen, Hamburg

    Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Weber M, Comenale-Pinto L, Duc G (1985) Early development of locomotion: Significance of prematurity, cerebral palsy and sex. Dev Med Child Neurol 27:183–191

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Piaget J (1975) Gesammelte Werke. Studienausgabe. Klett, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Stolley H, Kersting M, Droese W (1982) Energie-und Nährstoffbedarf von Kindern im Alter von 1–14 Jahren. Erg Inn Med Kinderheilk 48:1–75

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vossen A (1971) Die Früherfassung zerebral geschädigter Kinder. Dtsch Ärztebl 68: 3136–3144

    Google Scholar 

  • Wachtel U (1990) Ernährung von gesunden Säuglingen und Kleinkindern. Thieme, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Bischof Köhler D (1989) Spiegelbild und Empathie. Huber, Bern

    Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Weber M, Comenale-Pinto L, Duc G (1985) Early development of locomotion: Significance of prematurity, cerebral palsy and sex. Dev Med Child Neurol 27:183–191

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Molinari L, von Siebenthal K, Wolfensberger U (1996) Does a profound change in toilet-training affect development of bowel and bladder control? Dev Med Child Neurol 38:106–116

    Google Scholar 

  • Piaget J (1975) Gesammelte Werke. Studienausgabe. Klett, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Starkey P, Selke ES, Gelman R (1990) Numerical abstraction by human infants. Cognition 36: 97–127

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Grohnfeldt M (1980) Erhebung zum altersspezifischen Lautbestand bei dreibis sechs-jährigen Kindern. Sprachheilarbeit 25:169–117

    Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Caflisch J, Hug F, Muggli K, Sheehy A, Gasser T (2001a) Neuromotor development 5 to 18 years: Part 1. Timed performance. Dev Med Child Neurol 43: 436–443

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Caflisch J, Hug F, Muggli K (2001b) Neuromotor development 5 to 18 years: Part 2. Associated movements. Dev Med Child Neurol 34: 444–453

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ohrt B, Schlack HG, Largo RH, Michaelis R, Neuhäuser G (1993) Erfassen von Entwicklungsauffälligkeiten bei Fünf-jährigen. Ein normierter Fragebogen. Pädiatr Praxis 46:11–19

    Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Apter D, Vihko R (1977) Serum pregnenolone, progesterone, 17-hydro-progesterone, teststerone and 5-dihydrotestosterone during female puberty. J Clin Endocrinol 45:1039–1048

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frisch RE, Revelle R (1971) Height and weight at menarche and a hypothesis of menarche. Arch Dis Child 46: 695–701

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ladame F (1996) Wenn sich Jugendliche das Leben nehmen wollen. Horizonte 28: 12–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Prader A (1983a) Pubertal development in Swiss boys. Helvet Paediatr Acta 38: 211–228

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Prader A (1983b) Pubertal development in Swiss girls. Helvet Paediatr Acta 38: 229–243

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Caflisch J, Hug F, Muggli K, Sheehy A, Gasser T (2001a) Neuromotor development 5 to 18 years: Part 1. Timed performance. Dev Med Child Neurol 43: 436–443

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Caflisch J, Hug F, Muggli K (2001b) Neuromotor development 5 to 18 years: Part 2. Associated movements. Dev Med Child Neurol 34: 444–453

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lenneberg EH (1967) Biological foundation of language. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Piaget J (1975) Gesammelte Werke. Studienausgabe. Klett, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Prader A, Largo RH, Molinari L, Issler6C (1989) Physical growth of Swiss children from birth to 20 years of age. Helvet Paediatr Acta Suppl 52

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanner JM (1962) Growth at adolescence. Blackwell, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Prechtl HFR (1988) Beurteilung fetaler Bewegungsmuster bei Störungen des Nervensystems. Gynäkologe 21:130–134

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ahrens R (1954) Beitrag zur Entwickung des Physiognomie-und Mimikerkennens. Z Experiment Angew Psychol 2: 412–454, 599–633

    Google Scholar 

  • Basler K, Largo RH, Molinari L (1980) Die Entwicklung des Schlafverhaltens in den ersten fünf Lebensjahren. Helvet Paediatr Acta 35: 211–223

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Birch LL, Johnson SL, Andresen G, Peters JC, Schulte MC (1991) The variability of young children’s energy intake. N Engl J Med 324: 232–235

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brazelton TB (1962) Crying in infancy. Pediatrics 29:579–588

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Duc G, Largo RH (1986) Anterior fontanel: Normal size and closure in term and preterm infants. Pediatrics 78: 904–908

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eiholzer U, Bodmer P, Bühler M et al. (1998) Longitudinal monthly body measurements from 1 to 12 months of age. A study by practitioners for practitioners. Europ J Pediatrics 157: 547–552

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hunziker U, Barr R (1986) Increased carrying reduces infant crying: A randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics 77: 641–648

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klackenberg G (1971) A prospective longitudinal study of children. Data on psychic health and development up to 8 years of age. Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl 224

    Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH (1993) Babyjahre. Carlsen, Hamburg

    Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Weber M, Comenale-Pinto L, Duc G (1985) Early development of locomotion: Significance of prematurity, cerebral palsy and sex. Dev Med Child Neurol 27:183–191

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Piaget J (1975) Gesammelte Werke. Studienausgabe. Klett, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Stolley H, Kersting M, Droese W (1982) Energie-und Nährstoffbedarf von Kindern im Alter von 1–14 Jahren. Ergeb Inn Med Kinderheilk 48: 1–75

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vossen A (1971) Die Früherfassung zerebral geschädigter Kinder. Dtsch Ärztebl 68: 3136–3144

    Google Scholar 

  • Wachtel U(1990) Ernährung von gesunden Säuglingen und Kleinkindern. Thieme, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Bischof Köhler D (1989) Spiegelbild und Empathie. Huber, Bern

    Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Weber M, Comenale-Pinto L, Duc G (1985) Early development of locomotion: Significance of prematurity, cerebral palsy and sex. Dev Med Child Neurol 27:183–191

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Molinari L, von Siebenthal K, Wolfensberger U (1996) Does a profound change in toilet-training affect development of bowel and bladder control? Dev Med Child Neurol 38:106–116

    Google Scholar 

  • Piaget J (1975) Gesammelte Werke. Studienausgabe. Klett, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Starkey P, Selke ES, Gelman R (1990) Numerical abstraction by human infants. Cognition 36: 97–127

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grohnfeldt M (1980) Erhebung zum altersspezifischen Lautbestand bei dreibis sechs-jährigen Kindern. Sprachheilarbeit 25:169–117

    Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Caflisch J, Hug F, Muggli K, Sheehy A, Gasser T (2001a) Neuromotor development 5 to 18 years: Part 1. Timed performance. Dev Med Child Neurol 43:436–443

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Largo RH, Caflisch J, Hug F, Muggli K (2001b) Neuromotor development 5 to 18 years: Part 2. Associated movements. Dev Med Child Neurol 34:444–453

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ohrt B, Schlack HG, Largo RH, Michaelis R, Neuhäuser G (1993) Erfassen von Entwicklungsauffälligkeiten bei Fünfjährigen. Ein normierter Fragebogen. Pädiatr Praxis 46:11–19

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Springer Medizin Verlag Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Largo, R.H. (2007). Wachstum und Entwicklung. In: Lentze, M.J., Schulte, F.J., Schaub, J., Spranger, J. (eds) Pädiatrie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76460-1_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-76460-1_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-71895-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-76460-1

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics