Skip to main content

Human Face Processing with 1.5D Models

  • Conference paper
Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures (AMFG 2007)

Abstract

Integral projections reduce the size of input data by transforming 2D images into significantly simpler 1D signals, while retaining useful information to solve important computer vision problems like object detection, location, and tracking. However, previous attempts typically rely on simple heuristic analysis such as searching for minima or maxima in the resulting projections. We introduce a more rigorous and formal modeling framework based on a small set of integral projections –thus, we will call them 1.5D models– and show that this model-based analysis overcomes many of the difficulties and limitations of alternative projection methods. The proposed approach proves to be particularly adequate for the specific domain of human face processing. The problems of face detection, facial feature location, and tracking in video sequences are studied under the unifying proposed framework.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Pentland, A., Moghaddam, B., Starner, T.: View-based and modular eigenspaces for face recognition. In: IEEE Computer Society Conf. on CVPR, pp. 84–91 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Kanade, T.: Picture Processing by Computer Complex and Recognition of Human Faces. PhD thesis, Kyoto University (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Kotropoulos, C., Pitas, I.: Rule-based face detection in frontal views. In: Proc. I.C. Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, vol. 4, pp. 2537–2540 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Sobottka, K., Pitas, I.: Looking for faces and facial features in color images. PRIA: Advances in Mathematical Theory and Applications 7(1) (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Feng, G.C., Yuen, P.C.: Variance projection function and its application to eye detection for human face recognition. Pattern Rec. Letters 19, 899–906 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Dean, S.R.: The Radon Transform and Some of Its Applications. John Wiley & Sons, New York (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Duda, R.O., Hart, P.E.: Use of the Hough transformation to detect lines and curves in pictures. Comm. ACM 15, 11–15 (1972)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Robinson, D., Milanfar, P.: Fast local and global projection-based methods for affine motion estimation. J. of Math. Imaging and Vision 18, 35–54 (2003)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Phillips, P.J., Moon, H., Rizvi, S.A., Rauss, P.J.: The FERET evaluation methodology for face-recognition algorithms. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 22(10), 1090–1104 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Viola, P., Jones, M.J.: Rapid object detection using a boosted cascade of simple features. In: IEEE Intl. Conf. on Comp. Vision and Pattern Recogn., pp. 12–14 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Nelder, J.A., Mead, R.: A simplex method for function minimization. The Computer Journal 7, 308–313 (1964)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Sung, K.-K., Poggio, T.: Example-based learning for view-based human face detection. IEEE Trans. on PAMI 20(1), 39–51 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Rowley, H.A., Baluja, S., Kanade, T.: Neural network-based face detection. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 20(1), 23–28 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. García-Mateos, G.: Face processing with IP, http://dis.um.es/~ginesgm/fip/

  15. Yang, M.-H., Kriegman, D.J., Ahuja, N.: Detecting faces in images: A survey. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 24(1), 34–58 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Li, S.Z., Jain, A.K.: Handbook of Face Recognition. Springer, New York (2005)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Bradsky, G.D.: Computer vision face tracking as a component of a perceptual user interface. In: Workshop on Appl. of Comp. Vision, pp. 214–219. Princeton University Press, Princeton (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  18. García-Mateos, G.: Refining face tracking with integral projections. In: Kittler, J., Nixon, M.S. (eds.) AVBPA 2003. LNCS, vol. 2688, pp. 360–368. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  19. Gorodnichy, D.O.: Video-based framework for face recognition in video. In: Second Workshop on FPiV 2005, Victoria, BC, Canada, pp. 330–338 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Bouguet, J.-Y.: Pyramidal implementation of the Lucas Kanade feature tracker. Technical report, Intel Corporation, Microprocessor Research Labs (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Stegmann, M.B., Ersboll, B.K., Larsen, R.: FAME–a flexible appearance modeling environment. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 22(10), 1319–1331 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Ma, Y., Ding, X.: Robust precise eye localization under probabilistic framework. In: Proc. of IEEE Conf. on Automatic Face and Gesture Recogn., pp. 339–344. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (2004)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

S. Kevin Zhou Wenyi Zhao Xiaoou Tang Shaogang Gong

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

García-Mateos, G., Ruiz-Garcia, A., López-de-Teruel, P.E. (2007). Human Face Processing with 1.5D Models. In: Zhou, S.K., Zhao, W., Tang, X., Gong, S. (eds) Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures. AMFG 2007. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4778. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75690-3_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75690-3_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-75689-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-75690-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics