Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nonneoplastic Masquerade Syndromes

  • Chapter
Intraocular Inflammation

Abstract

Any process that can mimic noninfectious ocular inflammation or result in inflammation but require treatment of the underlying condition for resolution can be considered a masquerade syndrome. From an etiologic standpoint, it is worthwhile dividing these into entities associated with systemic illnesses, arising from iatrogenic causes (trauma, surgery, or drugs; see also Chap. 10), resulting from physiological ocular processes (vitreous or retinal detachment), or mimicking degeneration (retinitis pigmentosa or paraneoplastic syndromes; see Chap. 9.1.6). A correct diagnosis will allow an appropriate therapeutic plan.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 299.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Adamus G (2009) Autoantibody targets and their cancer relationship in the pathogenicity of paraneoplastic retinopathy. Autoimmun Rev 8:410–414

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Adamus G, Ren G, Weleber R (2004) Autoantibodies against retinal proteins in paraneoplastic and autoimmune retinopathy. BMC Ophthalmol 4:5

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Ando E, Ando Y, Maruoka S et al (1992) Ocular microangiopathy in familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy, type I. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 230:1–5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Ando E, Ando Y, Okamura R et al (1997) Ocular manifestations of familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy type I: long term follow up. Br J Ophthalmol 81:295–298

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Archer DB, Amoaku WMK, Gardiner TA (1991) Radiation retinopathy – clinical, histopathological, ultrastructural and experimental correlations. Eye 5:239–251

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Bosch-Driesen LEH, Karimi S, Stilma JS et al (2000) Retinal detachment in ocular toxoplasmosis. Ophthalmology 107:36–40

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Bronner G, Zarbin MA, Bhagat N (2004) Anterior ischemia after posterior segment surgery. Ophthalmol Clin North Am 17:539–543

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Brown GC, Shields JA, Sanborn G et al (1982) Radiation retinopathy. Ophthalmology 89:1494–1501

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Chee PHY (1968) Radiation retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 66:860–865

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Cross S, Salomao DR, Parisi JE et al (2003) Paraneoplastic autoimmune optic neuritis with retinitis defined by CRMP-5-IgG. Ann Neurol 54:38–50

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Dana MR, Hochman MA, Viana MAG et al (1994) Ocular manifestations of leprosy in a noninstitutionalized community in the United States. Arch Ophthalmol 112:626–629

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Dana MR, Werner MS, Viana MAG et al (1993) Spontaneous and traumatic vitreous hemorrhage. Ophthalmology 100:1377–1383

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. de la Maza MS, Molina N, Gonzalez-Gonzalez LA et al (2011) Clinical characteristics of a large cohort of patients with scleritis and episcleritis. Ophthalmology 119:43–50

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. de Smet MD, Carruthers J, Lepawsky M (1987) Anterior segment ischemia treated with hyperbaric oxygen. Can J Ophthalmol 22:381–385

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Digre KB (2011) Neuro-ophthalmology and pregnancy: what does a neuro-ophthalmologist need to know? J Neuro Ophthalmol 31:381–387

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Drack AV, Traboulsi EI (1991) Systemic associations of pigmentary retinopathy. Int Ophthalmol Clin 31:35–59

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Ferreyra HA, Jayasundera T, Khan NW et al (2009) Management of autoimmune retinopathies with immunosuppression. Arch Ophthalmol 127:390–397

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Fraunfelder FW, Fraunfelder FT, Keates EU (2004) Topiramate-associated acute, bilateral, secondary angle-closure glaucoma. Ophthalmology 111:109–111

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Galor A, Lowder CY, Kaiser PK et al (2008) Surgical drainage of chronic serous retinal detachment associated with uveitis. Retina 28:282–288

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Gass JDM, Gieser RG, Wilkinson CP et al (1990) Bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation in patients with occult carcinoma. Arch Ophthalmol 108:527–533

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Giuliari GP, Sadaka A, Hinkle DM et al (2011) Current treatments for radiation retinopathy. Acta Oncol 50:6–13

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Goto K, Sugita M, Okada K et al (1993) Recurrent episcleritis associated with adult T-cell leukemia. Brit J Ophthalmol 77:743–744

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Hagler WS, Jarrett WH II, Chang M (1978) Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment following chorioretinal inflammatory disease. Am J Ophthalmol 86:373–379

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Haim M (2002) Epidemiology of retinitis pigmentosa in Denmark. Acta Ophthalmol Scand Suppl 233:1–34

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Jacyk WK (1995) Annular granulomatous lesions in exogenous ochronosis are manifestations of sarcoidosis. Am J Dermatopath 17:18–22

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Jarrett WH II (1981) Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated by severe intraocular inflammation, hypotony, and choroidal detachment. Tr Am Ophthalmol Soc 79:664–683

    Google Scholar 

  27. Jumper JM, Machemer R, Gallemore RP et al (2000) Exudative retinal detachment and retinitis associated with acquired syphilitic uveitis. Retina 20:190–194

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Kawaji T, Ando Y, Ando E et al (2004) A case of vitreous amyloidosis without systemic symptoms in familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy. Amyloid 11:257–259

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Kawaji T, Ando Y, Hara R et al (2010) Novel therapy for transthyretin-related ocular amyloidosis: a pilot study of retinal laser photocoagulation. Ophthalmology 117:552–555

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Kerkhoff FT, Lamberts QJ, van den Biesen PR et al (2003) Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and uveitis. Ophthalmology 110:427–431

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Lawton AW, Karesh JW (1987) Periocular granuloma annulare. Surv Ophthalmol 31:285–290

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Merlini G, Seldin DC, Gertz MA (2011) Amyloidosis: pathogenesis and new therapeutic options. J Clin Oncol 29:1924–1933

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Moore MA, Beith JM (2008) Acute unilateral anterior uveitis and scleritis following a single infusion of zoledronate for metastatic breast cancer. Med J Aust 188:370–371

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Nagpal A, Biswas J (2006) Pseudouveitis: analysis of cases misdiagnosed as posterior uveitis. Ocul Immunol Infl 14:13–20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. O’Hearn TM, Fawzi A, He S et al (2007) Early onset vitreous amyloidosis in familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy with a transthyretin Glu54Gly mutation is associated with elevated vitreous VEGF. Brit J Ophthalmol 91:1607–1609

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Ozdemir H, Mudun B, Karacorlu M et al (2005) Serous detachment of macula in Behçet disease. Retina 25:361–362

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Pagon R, Daiger S (2005) Retinitis pigmentosa overview. GeneReviews NBK1417 PMID: 20301590

    Google Scholar 

  38. Patel CK, Lam WC, Boerner S (2001) Lung adenocarcinoma and malignant uveitis masquerade syndrome. Ophthalmology 108:2151–2152

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Pece A, Yannuzzi LA, Sannace C et al (2000) Chorioretinal involvement in primary systemic nonfamilial amyloidosis. Am J Ophthalmol 130:250–253

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Pollack AL, McDonald HR, Johnson RN et al (2002) Peripheral retinoschisis and exudative retinal detachment in pars planitis. Retina 22:719–722

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Potter MJ, Myckatyn SO, Laberley AL (2001) Vitrectomy for pars planitis complicated by vitreous hemorrhage: visual outcome and long-term follow-up. Am J Ophthalmol 131:514–515

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Rabinowitz R, Schneck M, Levy J et al (2005) Bilateral multifocal choroiditis with serous retinal detachment in a patient with brucella infection: case report and review of the literature. Arch Ophthalmol 123:116–118

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Rao NA, Font RL (1975) Pseudorheumatoid nodules of the corneal adnexa. Am J Ophthalmol 79:471–478

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Reddy HS, Khurana RN, Rao NA et al (2008) Granuloma annulare anterior uveitis. Ocul Immunol Infl 16:55–57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Rich RM, Smiddy WE, Davis JL (2008) Infectious scleritis after retinal surgery. Am J Ophthalmol 145:695–699

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Robertson DM, Buettner H, Gorman CA et al (2003) Retinal microvascular abnormalities in patients treated with external radiation for graves ophthalmopathy. Arch Ophthalmol 121:652–657

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Saito W, Kase S, Yoshida K et al (2005) Bilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation in a patient with cancer-associated retinopathy. Am J Ophthalmol 140:942–945

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Sandgren O (1995) Ocular amyloidosis, with special reference to hereditary forms with vitreous involvement. Surv Ophthalmol 40:173–196

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Santaella RM, Fraunfelder FW (2007) Ocular adverse effects associated with systemic medications. Recognition and management. Drugs 67:75–93

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Shildkrot Y, Sobrin L, Gragoudas ES (2011) Cancer-associated retinopathy: update on pathogenesis and therapy. Semin Ophthalmol 26:321–328

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Smith MD, Downie JB, DiCostanzo D (1997) Granuloma annulare. Int J Dermatol 36:326–333

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Solberg Y, Rosner M, Belkin M (1998) The association between cigarette smoking and ocular diseases. Surv Ophthalmol 42:535–547

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Surguchev A, Surguchov A (2010) Conformational diseases: looking into the eyes. Brain Res Bull 81:12–24

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Takano A, Hirata A, Inomata Y et al (2005) Intravitreal plasmin injection activates endogenous matrix metalloproteinase-2 in rabbit and human vitreous. Am J Ophthalmol 140:654–660

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. van Kooij B, Canninga van Dijk M, de Boer J et al (2003) Is granuloma annulare related to intermediate uveitis with retinal vasculitis? Brit J Ophthalmol 87:763–766

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Weber-Krause B, Eckardt U (1996) Incidence of posterior vitreous detachment in eyes with and without age-related macular degeneration: an ultrasound study. Ophthalmologe 93:660–665

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Winslow RI, Taylor BC (1980) Spontaneous vitreous hemorrhage: etiology and management. South Med J 73:1450–1452

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. MIOS, Center for Retinal Diseases and Inflammation, Av du Léman 32, Lausanne, 10015, Switzerland

    Marc D. de Smet MDCM, PhD, FRCSC, FRCOphth

Authors
  1. Marc D. de Smet MDCM, PhD, FRCSC, FRCOphth
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marc D. de Smet MDCM, PhD, FRCSC, FRCOphth .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Centre of Ophthalmology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany

    Manfred Zierhut

  2. Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eyes Hospital, Department of Medical Retina, UCL, London, United Kingdom

    Carlos Pavesio

  3. School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Hokkaido University Graduate, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

    Shigeaki Ohno

  4. University of Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Brazil

    Fernando Orefice

  5. USC Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA

    Narsing A. Rao

1 Electronic Supplementary Material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Case Report 10

Multi-nodular posterior scleritis (PPT 3245 kb)

Case Report 33

Posterior Scleritis associated with Orbital Pseudotumor (PPT 9525 kb)

Case Report 48

Siderosis Bulbi (PPT 1234 kb)

Case Report 75

UGH Syndrom (PPTX 1078 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

de Smet, M.D. (2016). Nonneoplastic Masquerade Syndromes. In: Zierhut, M., Pavesio, C., Ohno, S., Orefice, F., Rao, N. (eds) Intraocular Inflammation. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75387-2_154

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75387-2_154

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-75385-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-75387-2

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation