Summary
Directivity is an important parameter to describe a sound source. For railway rolling noise this becomes a complicated issue because its vertical and horizontal directivities depend on many factors. In this paper a complete procedure to determine the vertical and horizontal directivities of railway rolling noise in one-third octave bands has been proposed. The procedure consists of two parts: (1) to define the vertical and horizontal directivities both for track and wheel radiations; (2) to determine the effective vertical and horizontal directivities for the total railway rolling noise.
For practical reasons it is better to include the shielding effect of the car-body, also the low barriers when they are present alongside a track. Since this shielding effect dominates, the inclusive vertical directivity of railway rolling noise can vary with train types, and will also be different when influenced by low barriers (such as viaducts).
The horizontal directivity of railway rolling noise is determined by the horizontal directivities of the track and wheel radiations, and weighted by the relative importance of the two sub-sources which is described by the track and vehicle transfer functions. In general, the horizontal directivity of railway rolling noise varies with different vehicle-track combinations.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Talotte, C., et al.: Railway source models for integration in the new European noise prediction method proposed in Harmonoise. Journal of Sound and Vibration 293, 975–985 (2006)
Dittrich, M.: The Imagine source model for railway noise prediction. Acta Acustica united with Acustica 93(2), 185–200 (2007)
Remington, P.J.: Wheel/Rail Noise – Part I: Characterization of The Wheel/Rail Dynamic System. Journal of Sound and Vibration 46(3), 359–379 (1976)
Ten Wolde, T., van Ruiten, C.J.M.: Sources and mechanisms of wheel/rail noise: state-of-art and recent research. Journal of Sound and Vibration 87(2), 147–160 (1983)
Zhang, X., Jonasson, H.: Directivity of Railway Noise Sources. Journal of Sound and Vibration 293, 995–1006 (2006)
Thompson, D.J., Jones, C.J.C.: Sound radiation from a vibrating railway wheel. Journal of Sound and Vibration 253(2), 401–419 (2002)
Thompson, D.J., Jones, C.J.C., Turner, N.: Investigation into the validity of two-dimensional models for sound radiation from waves in rails. Journal of Acoustical Society of America 113(4), 1965–1974 (2003)
Heng, C.C.: Vertical directivity of train noise. Applied Acoustics 51(2), 157–168 (1997)
Chew, C.H.: Vertical directivity pattern of train noise. Applied Acoustics 55(3), 243–250 (1998)
Zhang, X.: To determine the horizontal directivity of a train pass-by, in03_627, The Proceedings for Inter-noise 2003, Jeju, Korea (August 25-28, 2003)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Zhang, X. (2008). Directivity of Railway Rolling Noise. In: Schulte-Werning, B., et al. Noise and Vibration Mitigation for Rail Transportation Systems. Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, vol 99. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74893-9_60
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74893-9_60
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-74892-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-74893-9
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)