Skip to main content

Three Sampling Methods for Visibility Measures of Landscape Perception

  • Conference paper

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 4736))

Abstract

The character of a landscape can be seen as the outcome of people’s perception of their physical environment, which is important for spatial planning and decision making. Three modes of landscape perception are proposed: view from a viewpoint, view from a road, and view of an area. Three sampling methods to calculate visibility measures simulate these modes of perception. We compared the results of the three sampling methods for two study areas. The ROPE method provides information about subspaces. The road method enables the analysis of sequences. The grid point method calculates visibility measures at almost every location in space, providing detailed information about transitions and pattern change between original and new situations. The mean visibility values for the study areas reveal major differences between the sampling methods. Combining the results of the three methods is expected to be useful for describing all the facets of landscape perception.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Buijs, A.E., Pedroli, B., Luginbühl, Y.: From hiking through farmland to farming in a leisure landscape: changing social perceptions of the European landscape. Landscape Ecology 21, 375–389 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Nohl, W.: Sustainable landscape use and aesthetic perception - preliminary reflections on future landscape aesthetics. Landscape and Urban Planning 54, 223–237 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Granö, J.G.: Pure Geography. The Johns Hopkins University Press, London (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Higuchi, T.: The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes. MIT Press, Cambridge (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Kaplan, S., Kaplan, R., Wendt, J.S.: Rated preference and complexity for natural and urban visual material. Perception & Psychophysics 12, 354–356 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Tuan, Y.-F.: Topophilia: A study of Environmental Perception, Attitudes, and Values. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Zube, E.H.: Perceived land use patterns and landscape values. Landscape Ecology 1, 37–45 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Berg, A.E.v.d.: Individual Differences in the Aesthetic Evaluation of Natural Landscapes. Psychologische, Pedagogische en Sociologische Wetenschappen, Vol. PhD. Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Brabyn, L.: Solutions for characterising natural landscapes in New Zealand using geographical information systems. Journal of Environmental Management 76, 23–34 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Miller, D.R.: Spatial Modelling of the Visibility of Land Use Change. In: 4th International Conference on Integrating GIS and Environmental Modeling Banff, Alberta, Canada (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Smardon, R.C., Palmer, J.F., Felleman, J.P.: Foundations for Visual Project Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, New York (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Bishop, I.D.: Assessment of visual qualities, impacts, and behaviours, in the landscape, by using measures of visibility. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 30, 677–688 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Gibson, J.J.: The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Houghton Mifflin Compagny, Boston (1979)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Thiel, P.: A sequence-experience notation: for architectural and urban spaces. Town Planning Review 32, 33–52 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  15. De Floriani, L., Magillo, P.: Algorithms for visibility computation on terrains: A survey. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 30, 709–728 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Llobera, M.: Extending GIS–based visual analysis: the concept of visualscapes. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 17, 25–48 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Tandy, C.R.: The isovist method of landscape survey. In: Murray, H.C., (ed.) Methods of Landscape Analysis. Landscape Research Group, London (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Benedikt, M.L.: To take hold of space: isovists and isovists fields. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 6, 47–65 (1979)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Dijkstra, H.: Het visuele landschap: onderzoek naar de visuele kwaliteit van landschappen. Landschap 8, 157–175 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Lynch, K.: Image of the city. MIT Press, Cambridge (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Dalton, R.C., Bafna, S.: The syntactical image of the city: a reciprocal definition of spatial elements and spatial syntaxes. In: 4th International Space Syntax Symposium, London (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Freundschuh, S.M., Egenhofer, M.J.: Human conceptions of spaces: implications for Geographic Information Systems. Transactions in GIS 2, 361–375 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Montello, D.R.: Scale and multiple psychologies of space. In: Frank, A.U., Campari, I. (eds.) Spatial Information Theory: a Theoretical Basis for GIS, pp. 312–321. Springer, Heidelberg (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Ministerie van VROM: Nota ruimte. Ministerie van VROM, Den Haag (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Kuipers, B.: Modeling spatial knowledge. Cognitive Science 2, 129–153 (1978)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Palmer, J.F., Lankhorst, J.R.-K.: Evaluating visible spatial diversity in the landscape. Landscape and Urban Planning 43, 65–78 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Simonds, J.O.: Landscape Architecture: a Manual of Site Planning and Design. McGraw-Hill, New York (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Laan, H.V.D.: Architectonic Space: Fifteen Lessons on the Disposition of the Human Habitat. Brill Academic Publishers, Leiden (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Lynch, K.: Site Planning. MIT Press, Cambridge (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Van der Ham, R.J.I.M., Iding, J.A.M.E.: Landscape Typology System based on Visual Elements: Methodology and Application. [s.n.], Wageningen (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Mücher, C.A., Kramer, H., Thunnissen, H.A.M., Clement, J.: Monitoren van kleine landschapselementen met IKONOS satellietbeelden. Alterra, Wageningen (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Van Buren, J., Westerik, A., Olink, E.J.H.: Kwaliteit Top10vector: De geometrische kwaliteit van de Top10vector van de topografische dienst. Kadaster (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Giles Jr., R.H., Trani, M.K.: Key elements of landscape pattern measures. Key elements of landscape pattern measures 23, 477 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Manderller, F., Wrbka, T.: Functional and structural landscape indicators: Upscaling and downscaling problems. Ecological Indicators 5, 267–272 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Rana, S.: Isovist Analyst Extension. Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, London (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Lynch, J.A., Gimblett, R.H.: Perceptual values in the cultural landscape: a spatial model for assessing and mapping perceived mystery in rural environments. Journal of Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 16, 453–471 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Hanna, K.C., Haniva, K.C.: GIS for Landscape Architects ESRI, Inc. (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Tversky, B., Morrison, J.B., Franklin, N., Bryant, D.J.: Three spaces of spatial cognition. Professional Geographer 51, 516–524 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Rana, S.: Use of GIS for planning visual surveillance installations. ESRI Homeland Security GIS Summit ESRI, Denver, Colorado (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Vroom, M.J.: The perception of dimensions of space and levels of infrastructure and its application in landscape planning. Landscape Planning 12, 337–352 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. O’Sullivan, D., Turner, A.: Visibility graphs and landscape visibility analysis. International Journal of Geographical Information Science 15, 221–237 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Hillier, B.: Space is the Machine: A Configurational Theory of Architecture. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Hillier, B., Hanson, J.: The social logic of space. Cambridge University Press, London (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Kaplan, R., Kaplan, S., Ryan, R.L.: With People in Mind: Design and Management of Everyday Nature. Island Press, Washington (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Hendriks, K., Stobbelaar, D.J.: Landbouw in een leesbaar landschap: hoe gangbare en biologische landbouwbedrijven bijdragen aan landschapskwaliteit. Vol. PhD. Wageningen University, Wageningen, 268 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Jiang, B., Claramunt, C.: Integration of space syntax into GIS: new perspectives for urban morphology. Transactions in GIS 6, 295–309 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Turner, A., Doxa, M., O’Sullivan, D., Penn, A.: From Isovists to visibility graphs: a methodology for the analysis of architectural space. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 28, 103–121 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Arthur, L.M., Daniel, T.C., Boster, R.S.: Scenic assessment: an overview. Landscape Planning 4 (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  49. Bourassa, S.: Toward a theory of landscape aesthetics. Landscape and Urban Planning 15, 241–252 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Stephan Winter Matt Duckham Lars Kulik Ben Kuipers

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Weitkamp, G., Bregt, A., van Lammeren, R., van den Berg, A. (2007). Three Sampling Methods for Visibility Measures of Landscape Perception. In: Winter, S., Duckham, M., Kulik, L., Kuipers, B. (eds) Spatial Information Theory. COSIT 2007. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4736. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74788-8_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74788-8_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-74786-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-74788-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics