Skip to main content

Reactive Rules on the Web

  • Chapter
Reasoning Web (Reasoning Web 2007)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 4636))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Reactive rules are used for programming rule-based, reactive systems, which have the ability to detect events and respond to them automatically in a timely manner. Such systems are needed on the Web for bridging the gap between the existing, passive Web, where data sources can only be accessed to obtain information, and the dynamic Web, where data sources are enriched with reactive behavior. This paper presents two possible approaches to programming rule-based, reactive systems. They are based on different kinds of reactive rules, namely Event-Condition-Action rules and production rules. Concrete reactive languages of both kinds are used to exemplify these programming paradigms. Finally the similarities and differences between these two paradigms are studied.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adaikkalavan, R., Chakravarthy, S.: SnoopIB: Interval-Based Event Specification and Detection for Active Databases. Data and Knowledge Engineering (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Adi, A., Etzion, O.: Amit — the situation manager. Int. J. on Very Large Data Bases 13(2), 177–203 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abiteboul, S., Quass, D., McHugh, J., Widom, J., Wiener, J.: The Lorel Query Language for Semistructured Data. Proc. Int. Journal on Digital Libraries (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  • Boag, S., et al.: XQuery 1.0: An XML Query Language. W3C candidate recommendation, World Wide Web Consortium (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  • Berger, S., Bry, F., Bolzer, O., Furche, T., Schaffert, S., Wieser, C.: Xcerpt and visXcerpt: Twin Query Languages for the Semantic Web. In: Proc. Int. Semantic Web Conf (Demos track) (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonifati, A., Braga, D., Campi, A., Ceri, S.: Active XQuery. In: ICDE 2002. 18th Int. Conf. on Data Engineering, San Jose, California (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bailey, J., Bry, F., Furche, T., Schaffert, S.: Web and Semantic Web Query Languages: A Survey. In: Eisinger, N., Małuszyński, J. (eds.) Reasoning Web. LNCS, vol. 3564, pp. 35–133. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  • Berger, S., Bry, F., Schaffert, S., Wieser, C.: Xcerpt and visXcerpt: From Pattern-Based to Visual Querying of XML and Semistructured Data. In: Proc. Int. Conf. on Very Large Databases, pp. 1053–1056. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • Barga, R.S., Caituiro-Monge, H.: Event Correlation and Pattern Detection in CEDR. In: Grust, T., Höpfner, H., Illarramendi, A., Jablonski, S., Mesiti, M., Müller, S., Patranjan, P.-L., Sattler, K.-U., Spiliopoulou, M., Wijsen, J. (eds.) EDBT 2006. LNCS, vol. 4254, pp. 919–930. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Brambilla, M., Ceri, S., Comai, S., Tziviskou, C.: Exception Handling in Workflow-Driven Web Applications. In: Proc. Int. Conference on World Wide Web, ACM, New York (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonifati, A., Ceri, S., Paraboschi, S.: Active Rules for XML: A New Paradigm for E-Services. In: First Workshop on Technologies for E-Services, colocated with VLDB 2000 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bry, F., Eckert, M.: A High-Level Query Language for Events. In: Proc. Int. Workshop on Event-driven Architecture, Processing and Systems, IEEE, Los Alamitos (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bry, F., Eckert, M.: Twelve Theses on Reactive Rules for the Web. In: Proc. Int. Workshop Reactivity on the Web. Springer (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bry, F., Eckert, M.: Rule-Based Composite Event Queries: The Language XChangeEQ and its Semantics. In: Proc. Int. Conf. on Web Reasoning and Rule Systems, Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bry, F., Eisinger, N., Eiter, T., Furche, T., Gottlob, G., Ley, C., Linse, B., Pichler, R., Wei, F.: Foundations of Rule-Based Query Answering. Reasoning Web Summer School (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bry, F., Eckert, M., Grallert, H., Pătrânjan, P.-L.: Reactive Web Rules: A Demonstration of XChange. In: Proc. Int. Conf. on Rules and Rule Markup Languages (RuleML) for the Semantic Web, Posters and Demonstrations (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bry, F., Eckert, M., Pătrânjan, P.-L.: Querying Composite Events for Reactivity on the Web. In: Shen, H.T., Li, J., Li, M., Ni, J., Wang, W. (eds.) Advanced Web and Network Technologies, and Applications. LNCS, vol. 3842, pp. 38–47. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Bry, F., Eckert, M., Pătrânjan, P.-L.: Reactivity on the Web: Paradigms and Applications of the Language XChange. J. of Web Engineering 5(1), 3–24 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bry, F., Eckert, M., Pătrânjan, P.-L., Romanenko, I.: Realizing Business Processes with ECA Rules: Benefits, Challenges, Limits. In: Alferes, J.J., Bailey, J., May, W., Schwertel, U. (eds.) PPSWR 2006. LNCS, vol. 4187, Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Berstel, B.: Extending the RETE Algorithm for Event Management. In: TIME, pp. 49–51 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  • Behrends, E., Fritzen, O., May, W., Schenk, F.: Combining ECA Rules with Process Algebras for the Semantic Web. In: Proceedings of Second International Conference on Rules and Rule Markup Languages for the Semantic Web, Athens, Georgia, USA, November 10-11, 2006, pp. 29–38 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Behrends, E., Fritzen, O., May, W., Schubert, D.: An ECA Engine for Deploying Heterogeneous Component Languages in the Semantic Web. In: Proceedings of Workshop Reactivity on the Web, Munich, Germany LNCS (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernauer, M., Kappel, G., Kramler, G.: Composite Events for XML. In: Proc. Int. World Wide Web Conf., pp. 175–183. ACM, New York (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bailey, J., Poulovassilis, A., Wood, P.T.: An Event-Condition-Action Language for XML. In: Proc. Int. World Wide Web Conf., pp. 486–495. ACM, New York (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bry, F., Schaffert, S.: A Gentle Introduction into Xcerpt, a Rule-based Query and Transformation Language for XML. In: Proceedings of International Workshop on Rule Markup Languages for Business Rules on the Semantic Web, Sardinia, Italy (June 14, 2002)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bry, F., Schaffert, S.: Towards a Declarative Query and Transformation Language for XML and Semistructured Data: Simulation Unification. In: Stuckey, P.J. (ed.) ICLP 2002. LNCS, vol. 2401, Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Cox, W., et al.: Web Services Transaction (WS-Transaction) (2004), http://dev2dev.bea.com/pub/a/2004/01/ws-transaction.html

  • Coulouris, G., Dollimore, J., Kindberg, T.: Distributed Systems: Concepts and Design, 3rd edn. Addison-Wesley, Reading (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • Chakravarthy, S., Krishnaprasad, V., Anwar, E., Kim, S.-K.: Composite Events for Active Databases: Semantics, Contexts and Detection. In: Proc. Int. Conf. on Very Large Data Bases, pp. 606–617. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  • Diao, Y., Altinel, M., Franklin, M.J., Zhang, H., Fischer, P.M.: Path Sharing and Predicate Evaluation for High-Performance XML Filtering. ACM Trans. Database Syst. 28(4), 467–516 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • University of Trier DBLP Bibliography, http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/

  • Dousson, C., Le Maigat, P.: Chronicle Recognition Improvement Using Temporal Focusing and Hierarchization. In: IJCAI, pp. 324–329 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • Eckert, M.: Reactivity on the Web: Event Queries and Composite Event Detection in XChange. Diplomarbeit/diploma thesis, Institute of Computer Science, LMU, Munich (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  • Forgy, C.L.: A Fast Algorithm for the Many Pattern/Many Object Pattern Match Problem. Artif. Intelligence 19(1), 17–37 (1982)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gatziu, S., Dittrich, K.R.: Events in an Active Object-Oriented Database System. In: Proc. Int. Workshop on Rules in Database Systems, pp. 23–39. Springer, Heidelberg (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghallab, M.: On Chronicles: Representation, On-line Recognition and Learning. In: KR, pp. 597–606 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gehani, N.H., Jagadish, H.V., Shmueli, O.: Composite Event Specification in Active Databases: Model & Implementation. In: Proc. Int. Conf. on Very Large Data Bases, pp. 327–338. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, T.J., Miklau, G., Onizuka, M., Suciu, D.: Processing XML Streams with Deterministic Automata. In: Calvanese, D., Lenzerini, M., Motwani, R. (eds.) ICDT 2003. LNCS, vol. 2572, pp. 173–189. Springer, Heidelberg (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia-Molina, H., Salem, K.: Sagas. In: Proc. ACM SIGMOD Int. Conf. on Management of Data, pp. 249–259. ACM Press, New York (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  • Grallert, H.: Propagation of Updates in Distributed Web Data: A Use Case for the Language XChange. Project thesis, Inst. f. Informatics, U. of Munich (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanson, E.N., Carnes, C., Huang, L., Konyala, M., Noronha, L., Parthasarathy, S., Park, J.B., Vernon, A.: Scalable Trigger Processing. In: Proc. of the 15th Int. Conf. on Data Engineering, pp. 266–275 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knolmayer, G., Endl, R., Pfahrer, M.: Modeling Processes and Workflows by Business Rules. In: van der Aalst, W.M.P., Desel, J., Oberweis, A. (eds.) Business Process Management. LNCS, vol. 1806, pp. 16–29. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kline, K., Kline, D.: SQL in a Nutshell. O’Reilly Associates (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  • Moreto, D., Endler, M.: Evaluating Composite Events using Shared Trees. IEE Proceedings — Software 148(1), 1–10 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milner, R.: Calculi for Synchrony and Asynchrony. Theoretical Computer Science 25, 267–310 (1983)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Mansouri-Samani, M., Sloman, M.: GEM: A Generalised Event Monitoring Language for Distributed Systems. Distributed Systems Engineering 4(2), 96–108 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • May, W., Schenk, F., von Lienen, E.: Extending an OWL Web Node with Reactive Behavior. In: Alferes, J.J., Bailey, J., May, W., Schwertel, U. (eds.) PPSWR 2006. LNCS, vol. 4187, pp. 134–148. Springer, Heidelberg (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Paton, N.W. (ed.): Active Rules in Database Systems. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  • Papamarkos, G., Poulovassilis, A., Wood, P.T.: Event-Condition-Action Rule Languages for the Semantic Web. In: Proc. Int. Workshop on Semantic Web and Databases (co-located with VLDB), pp. 309–327 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pătrânjan, P.-L.: The Language XChange: A Declarative Approach to Reactivity on the Web. Dissertation/Ph.D. thesis, Institute of Computer Science, LMU, Munich, 2005. PhD Thesis, Institute for Informatics, University of Munich (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  • Romanenko, I.: Use Cases for Reactivity on the Web: Using ECA Rules for Business Process Modeling. Master’s thesis, Inst. f. Informatics, U. of Munich (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Roncancio, C.: Toward Duration-Based, Constrained and Dynamic Event Types. In: Andler, S.F., Hansson, J. (eds.) ARTDB 1997. LNCS, vol. 1553, pp. 176–193. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaffert, S., Bry, F.: Querying the Web Reconsidered: A Practical Introduction to Xcerpt. In: Proc. Extreme Markup Languages (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • Schaffert, S.: Xcerpt: A Rule-Based Query and Transformation Language for the Web. PhD thesis, Institute for Informatics, University of Munich, Germany (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sur, G.M., Hammer, J., Siméon, J.: An XQuery-Based Language for Processing Updates in XML. In: Informal Proc. PLAN-X 2004 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sánchez, C., Slanina, M., Sipma, H.B., Manna, Z.: Expressive Completeness of an Event-Pattern Reactive Programming Language. In: Wang, F. (ed.) FORTE 2005. LNCS, vol. 3731, pp. 529–532. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Tatarinov, I., Ives, Z.G., Halevy, A.Y., Weld, D.S.: Updating XML. In: Proc. ACM SIGMOD 2001, Santa Barbara, California, USA (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • Widom, J., Ceri, S.: Active Database Systems: Triggers and Rules for Advanced Database Processing. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  • World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) (October 2001), http://www.w3.org/TR/xsl/

  • Zhu, D., Sethi, A.S.: SEL, A New Event Pattern Specification Language for Event Correlation. In: Proc. Int. Conf. on Computer Communications and Networks, pp. 586–589. IEEE, Los Alamitos (2001)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Grigoris Antoniou Uwe Aßmann Cristina Baroglio Stefan Decker Nicola Henze Paula-Lavinia Patranjan Robert Tolksdorf

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Berstel, B., Bonnard, P., Bry, F., Eckert, M., Pătrânjan, PL. (2007). Reactive Rules on the Web. In: Antoniou, G., et al. Reasoning Web. Reasoning Web 2007. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4636. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74615-7_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74615-7_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-74613-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-74615-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics