Abstract
The kidneys are paired, reddish brown, solid organs situated on each side of the mid-line in the retroperitoneal space. Their weight depends on body size, averaging 150 and 135 g each in the adult male and female, respectively. Kidneys in mature adults vary, in length from 11 to 14 cm, in width from 5 to 7 cm, and in thickness from 2.5 to 3.0 cm. Due to the effect of the liver, the right kidney is shorter and broader and lies 1–2 cm lower than the left kidney.
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Saint-Elie, D.T., Ogan, K., El-Galley, R.E.S., Keane, T.E. (2010). Kidneys, Ureters, and Bladder. In: Wood, W.C., Staley, C.A., Skandalakis, J.E. (eds) Anatomic Basis of Tumor Surgery. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74177-0_18
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74177-0_18
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