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Near Field Probes: From Optical Fibers to Optical Nanoantennas

  • Chapter
Book cover Applied Scanning Probe Methods VIII

Part of the book series: Nano Science and Technolgy ((NANO))

Abstract

This chapter reports a broad overview of near-field optical probes. They represent the key components for the performance of the scanning near field optical microscope (SNOM). In this frame, we consider the two main classes of sensors: aperture and apertureless probes. In particular, attention is focused on optical fiber probes and on nanoantenna probes. Recent developments in the improvement of optical throughput and in the control of the near field polarization state are reported. The electromagnetic field distributions of the nanometric optical source, as well as the fabrication methods are dealt with. In order to provide a clear, complete and comprehensive description of the technique, brief explanations of the working principles of the SNOM and conventional microscopy are given. Finally, this chapter is tale about recent SNOM applications that have been widened thanks to the improved features of the probes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Fisica della Materia e Tecnologie Fisiche Avanzate, Università di Messina, Salita Sperone n. 31, 98166, Messina, Italy

    Eugenio Cefalì, Salvatore Patanè, Salvatore Spadaro & Renato Gardelli

  2. Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, Università di Siena, Via Roma 56, 53100, Siena, Italy

    Matteo Albani

  3. Dipartimento di Fisica “Enrico Fermi”, Università di Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, 56127, Pisa, Italy

    Maria Allegrini

Authors
  1. Eugenio Cefalì
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  2. Salvatore Patanè
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  3. Salvatore Spadaro
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  4. Renato Gardelli
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  5. Matteo Albani
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  6. Maria Allegrini
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Nanotribology Laboratory for Information Storage and MEMS/NEMS (NLIM), The Ohio State University, W390 Scott Laboratory, 201W. 19th Avenue, 43210-1142, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Bharat Bhushan

  2. Institute of Physics, FB 16, University of Münster, Wilhelm-Klemm-Str. 10, 48149, Münster, Germany

    Harald Fuchs

  3. Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, School of Materials Science, 923-1292, Ishikawa, Japan

    Masahiko Tomitori

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Cefalì, E., Patanè, S., Spadaro, S., Gardelli, R., Albani, M., Allegrini, M. (2008). Near Field Probes: From Optical Fibers to Optical Nanoantennas. In: Bhushan, B., Fuchs, H., Tomitori, M. (eds) Applied Scanning Probe Methods VIII. Nano Science and Technolgy. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74080-3_3

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