Auszug
Die anatomische Struktur des Gastrointestinaltrakts ist mit der 20. Schwangerschaftswoche ausgereift. Dies trifft jedoch bei Weitem für die Mehrzahl seiner vielfältigen Funktionen — u. a. Regulation von Motilität und propulsiver Peristaltik, Volumenkapazitäten von Magen und Darm, digestive Aufgaben auf exokriner und mukosaler Ebene, lokale humorale und zelluläre Immunität, intestinale Perfusion — nicht zu. Zudem besteht verständlicherweise eine erhöhte mechanische Vulnerabilität des gesamten Magen-Darm-Trakts. Dies kann leicht zu funktionellen, entzündlichen und mechanischen Irritationen führen. Die nekrotisierende Enterokolitis steht dabei unter Würdigung der klinischen Bedeutung an vorderster Stelle.
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Müller, H. (2008). Das Frühgeborene. In: Rodeck, B., Zimmer, KP. (eds) Pädiatrische Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Ernährung. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73969-2_40
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