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Abstract

Chronic back pain is a widespread disease. (Manchikanti et al. 2004; Neuhauser et al. 2005; Schwarzer et al. 1995). Due to the anatomy of the intervertebral joints and the increasing static load towards the lumbar spine, the lumbar facet syndrome is definitely more frequently observed than the cervical or thoracic one (Masharawi et al. 2004; Yoganandan et al. 2003). In many cases, the origin of pain may not be attributed to a focus, e.g. disc damage, neither by the clinical examination nor by the imaging methods. A sufficiently reliable clinical definition of pain as caused by facet joint arthrosis is not possible (Helbig and Lee 1988; Jackson et al. 1988; Laslett et al. 2004, 2006; Lilius et al. 1990; Manchikanti et al. 2000; Revel et al. 1998; Schwarzer et al. 1994b, 1995). It may become manifest as unilateral or bilateral, exclusively lumbar or cervical pain whereby irradiation into the legs or arms does not exclude the spectrum of facet pain.

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Hoeltje, J. et al. (2009). Interventional Pain Management. In: Mahnken, A., Ricke, J. (eds) CT- and MR-Guided Interventions in Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73085-9_14

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