Abstract
The International Ship and Port Facility (ISPS) Code, which is articulated in the IMO International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) is not an instrument which specifically addresses maritime labour issues. The Code reflected the post “11 September 2001” reaction of the international community within the IMO1 under the weight of the U.S.’s influence2 with regard to the threat of terrorism against shipping. Terrorist acts on board or within ports are not uknown nowadays3, even though the threat that they actually represent is difficult to determine.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
See Hartmut Hesse and Nicolaos L. Charalambous, New Security Measures for the International Shipping Community, 3 WMU 1. Mar.Aff. 2, 123–138 (2004), Rosalie Balkin, The IMO and Maritime Security, 30 Tul. Mar. L.J. 1, 45–88 (2006).
See Stephen Girvin, The Commercial Implications of the ISPS Code, in Marius (Scandinavian Institute of Maritime Law) no 330, 308 (2005).
See the Achille Lauro incident in 1985, where an Italian cruise ship was hijacked by a group of gunmen, and the City of Poros incident in 1988, where gunmen boarded a cruise ferry in Greece, opened fire and killed 9 people. Following the Achille Lauro, the IMO adopted resolution A.584(14) on Measures to Prevent Unlawful Acts Which Threaten the Safety of Ships and the Security of Their Passengers and Crews. In March 1988, the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Maritime Navigation (SUA) was adopted. In October 2002, a blast ripped through a French tanker, the Limburg. The incident in question was believed to be a terrorist attack (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/2324431.stm) (last visit 28 March 2007). On March 2004, a double suicide bombing killed 10 persons in the port of Ashdod on the Mediterranean coast. On the security-related framework by the IMO, see Balkin, supra note 1 and Hesse and N. Charalambous, supra note 1.
The ISPS Code may also be examined from the point of view of its commercial implications. For a presentation of the impact of the said Code on voyage and time charterparties see Girvin, supra note 2.
See Patrick Chaumette, Du Bien-Etre des Marins en Escale: Les Ports Confrontés à la Sûreté et à l’Humanité, Mélanges André-Hubert Mesnard, L’Homme, ses Territoires, ses Cultures, LGDJ, Paris, Coll. Développement Local, 2006, 45–58.
See Iliana Christodoulou-Varotsi, A New Maritime Security Regime-Terrorist Trap or Lawyers’Paradise?-The EC Regulatory Framework on the Prevention of Terrorist Attacks on Maritime Transport, in Marius (Scandinavian Institute of Maritime Law) no 330, 285–306 (2005).
See Hesse and Charalambous, supra Nicolaos L. Charalambous, New Security Measures for the International Shipping Community, 3 WMU 1. Mar.Aff. 2, 123–138 (2004) note 1.
Regulation 725/2004/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 on enhancing ship and port facility security (Text with EEA relevance), OJ L 129, 29.4.2004, 6.
Directive 2005/65/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 October 2005 on enhancing port security (Text with EEA relevance), OJ L 310, 25.11.2005, 28.
See inter alia Guy Isaac, Marc Blanquet, Droit Communautaire Général, Dalloz Sirey, Paris, 2006 and James Hanlon, European Community Law, Sweet & Maxwell, 2003.
See http://www.imo.org/Safety/mainframe.asp?topic_id=583&doc_id=2689#resos(last visit 20 May 2007).
See Dmitry A. Pentsov and Iliana Christodoulou-Varotsi, New ILO Consolidated Maritime Labour Convention, Year Book of Social and Social Protection Law of the University of St Petersburg (Russian Federation), 2/2006 (in Russian).
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
(2008). The International Ship and Port Facility (ISPS) Code. In: Maritime Work Law Fundamentals: Responsible Shipowners, Reliable Seafarers. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72751-4_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72751-4_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-72750-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-72751-4
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawLaw and Criminology (R0)