Abstract
Recently Gerald Ash has shown through case studies that event dependent routing is attractive in large scale multi-service MPLS networks. In this paper, we consider the application of Load Shared Sequential Routing (LSSR) in MPLS networks where the load sharing factors are updated using reinforcement learning techniques. We present algorithms based on learning automata techniques for optimizing the load sharing factors both from the user equilibrium and system optimum perspectives. To overcome the computationally expensive gradient evaluation associated with the Kuhn-Tucker conditions of the system optimum problem, we derive a computationally efficient method employing shadow prices. The proposed method for calculating the user equilibrium solution represents a computationally efficient alternative to discrete event simulation. Numerical results are presented for the performance comparison of the LSSR model with the user equilibrium and the system optimum load sharing factors in some example network topologies and traffic demands.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Mason, L.G.: Equilibrium flows, routing patterns and algorithms for store-and-forward networks. Journal of Large Scale systems 8, 187–209 (1985)
LeFaucheur, F., Lai, W.: Requirements for Support of Differentiated Services-aware MPLS Traffic Engineering. RFCÂ 3564 (2003)
Marzo, J.L., Calle, E., Scoglio, C., Anjah, T.: QoS online routing and MPLS multilevel protection: a survey. IEEE Communications Magazine (10), 126–132 (2003)
Borkar, V., Kumar, P.: Dynamic Cesaro-Wardrop equilibration in networks. IEEE Trans. on Automatic Control (3), 382–396 (2003)
Ash, G.R.: Performance evaluation of QoS-routing methods for IP-based multiservice networks. Computer Communications 26(8), 817–833 (2003)
Ash, G.R.: Traffic Engineering and QoS Optimization of Integrated Voice & Data Networks. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA (2006)
Heidari, F., Mannor, S., Mason, L.G.: Reinforcement learning-based load shared sequential routing. IFIP-Networking (to appear, 2007)
Brunet, G.: Optimisation de l’acheminement séquentiel non hiérarchique par automates intelligents. Master’s thesis, INRS-Telecommunication (1991)
Mason, L.G.: An optimal learning algorithm for S-model environments. IEEE Trans. on Automatic Control 18(5), 493–496 (1973)
Mason, L.G.: An optimal learning algorithm employing cross-correlation. In: Conference Record, Joint Automatic Control Conference, pp. 572–578 (1973)
Gallager, R.: A minimum delay routing algorithm using distributed computation. Communications, IEEE Trans. on 25(1), 73–85 (1977)
Cotton, M., Mason, L.G.: Adaptive isarithmic flow control in fast packet switching networks. IEEE Trans. on Communications 43(2-3-4), 1580–1590 (1995)
Pelletier, A., Cotton, M., Mason, L.G.: Combined adaptive routing and flow control in fast packet switching networks. In: Proceedings of COMCON 4, Rhodes, Greece, pp. 557–569 (1993)
Vazquez-Abad, F.J., Mason, L.G.: Decentralized adaptive flow control of high-speed connectionless data networks. Journal of Operations Research 47(6), 928–942 (1999)
Alanyali, M.: Learning automata in games with memory with application to circuit-switched routing. In: Decision and Control, 2004. CDC. 43rd IEEE Conference on, vol. 5, p. 4850. IEEE Computer Society Press, Los Alamitos (2004)
Greenberg, A.G., Srikant, R.: Computational techniques for accurate performance evaluation of multirate, multihop communication networks. IEEE/ACM Trans. on Networking 5(2), 266–277 (1997)
Kelly, F.P.: Effective bandwidths at multi-class queues. Queueing Systems: Theory and Applications 9(1-2), 5–15 (1991)
Wardrop, J.G.: Some theoretical aspects of road traffic research. In: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Part II, pp. 325–378 (1952)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Brunet, G., Heidari, F., Mason, L.G. (2007). Load Shared Sequential Routing in MPLS Networks: System and User Optimal Solutions. In: Chahed, T., Tuffin, B. (eds) Network Control and Optimization. NET-COOP 2007. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4465. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72709-5_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72709-5_24
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-72708-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-72709-5
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)