Abstract
Although increased survival and ultimately cure of cancer remains the primary goal of treatment, the quality of survival is largely dependent on the toxicities of treatment. In particular, the late effects of treatment, which may manifest months to years or even decades after therapy, have been a driving force in the evolution of the treatment of many curable cancers. Advances in radiation oncology and diagnostic radiology have led to more conformal treatments that spare adjacent normal structures, and chemotherapy regimens have likewise evolved. In addition, in many cancers, perhaps most notably Hodgkin lymphoma, favorable subsets of patients are now treated with decreased doses of chemotherapy and radiation while maintaining overall efficacy.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Beres J (1989) Testicular volume variations from 0 to 28 years of age. Int Urol Nephrol 21:159–167
Brent RL, Ghorson RO (1972) Radiation exposure in pregnancy. Curr Probl Radiol 2:1–48
Cassady JR (1995) Clinical radiation nephropathy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 31:1249–1256
Chemaitilly W, Mertens AC, Mitby P (2006) Acute ovarian failure in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. J Clin Endo Metab 91:1723–1728
Conklin HM, Li C, Xiong X, Ogg RJ, Merchant TE (2008) Predicting change in academic abilities after conformal radiation therapy for localized ependymoma. J Clin Oncol 26:3965–3970
Corn BW, Moughan J, Knisely JPS, Fox SW, Chakravarti A, Yung WKA, Curran WJ, Robins HI, Brachman DG, Henderson RH, Mehta MP, Movsas B (2008) Prospective evaluation of quality of life and neurocognitive effects in patients with multiple brain metastases receiving whole-brain radiotherapy with or without thalidomide on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) Trial 0118. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 71:71–78
Delgado J, Cooper N, Thomson K, Duarte R, Jarmulowicz M, Cassoni A, Kottaridis P, Peggs K, Mackinnon S (2006) The importance of age, fludarabine and total body irradiation in the incidence and severity of chronic renal failure after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 12:75–83
Desai SS, Paulino AC, Mai WY, Teh BS (2006) Radiation-induced Moyamoya syndrome. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 65:1222–1227
Dobbing J, Sands J (1963) The quantitative growth and development of the human brain. Arch Dis Child 48:757–767
Duffner PK, Horowitz ME, Krischer JP, Friedman HS, Burger PC, Cohen ME, Sanford RA, Mulhern RK, James HE, Freeman CR, Seidel FG, Kun LE (1993) Postoperative chemotherapy and delayed radiation in children less than three years of age with malignant brain tumors. N Engl J Med 328:1725–1731
Furst CJ, Lundell M, Ahlback SO, Holm LE (1989) Breast hypoplasia following irradiation of the female breast in infancy and early childhood. Acta Oncol 28:519–523
Hayflick L (1965) The limited in vitro lifetime of human diploid cell strains. Exp Cell Res 37:614–636
Hayflick L (1974) The longevity of human cultured cells. J Am Geriatr Soc 22:1–12
Hayflick L (2007) Biological aging is no longer an unsolved problem. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1100:1–13
Livi L, Santoni R, Paiar F, Bastiani P, Beltrami G, Caldora P, Capanna R, De Biase P, Detti B, Fondelli S, Meldolesi E, Pertici M, Polli C, Simontacchi G, Biti G (2006) Late treatment-related complications in 214 patients with extremity soft-tissue sarcoma treated by surgery and postoperative radiation therapy. Am J Surg 191:230–234
Luxton RW, Kunkler PB (1964) Radiation nephritis. Acta Radiol Ther Phys Biol 66:169–178
Macklis RM, Oltikar A, Sallan SE (1991) Wilms’ tumor patients with pulmonary metastases. Int J Rad Onc Biol Phys 21:1187–1193
Martins AN, Johnston JS, Henry MJ, Stoffel TJ, Dichiro G (1977) Delayed radiation necrosis of the brain. J Neurosurg 47:336–345
Merchant TE, Conklin HM, Wu S, Lustig RH, Xiong X (2009) Late effects of conformal radiotherapy for pediatric patients with low-grade glioma: prospective evaluation of cognitive, endocrine and hearing deficits. J Clin Oncol 27:3691–3697
Metler FA, Upton AC (1995) Medical effects of ionizing radiation, 2nd edn. WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia
Mulhern RK, Palmer SL, Reddick WE, Glass JO, Kun LE, Taylor J, Langston J, Gajjar A (2001) Risks of young age for selected neurocognitive deficits in medulloblastoma are associated with white matter loss. J Clin Oncol 19:472–479
Ogilvy-Stuart AL, Clark DJ, Wallace WH, Gibson BE, Stevens RF, Shalet SM, Donaldson MD (1992) Endocrine deficit after fractionated total body irradiation. Arch Dis Child 67:1107–1110
Otake M, Schull WJ, Yoshimura H (1991) Brain damage among the prenatally exposed. J Radiat Res (Suppl) 32:249–264
Peschel RE, Chen M, Seashore J (1981) The treatment of massive hepatomegaly in stage IV-S neuroblastoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 7:549–553
Probert JC, Parker BP (1975) The effects of radiation therapy on bone growth. Radiology 114:155–162
Ris MD, Packer R, Goldwein J, Jones-Wallace D, Boyett JM (2001) Intellectual outcome after reduced-dose radiation therapy plus adjuvant chemotherapy for medulloblastoma: a Children’s Cancer Group study. J Clin Oncol 19:3470–3476
Robbins SL, Cotran RS, Kumar V (1984) Pathologic basis of disease, 3rd edn. WB Saunders, Philadelphia
Rugh R (1962) The impact of ionizing radiation on the embryo and fetus. Am J Roentgenol 87:559–566
Russell LB, Russell WL (1954) An analysis of the changing radiation response of the developing mouse embryo. J Cell Physiol (Suppl 1) 43:103–149
Shalet SM, Beardwell CG, Pearson D, Jones PH (1976) The effects of varying doses of cerebral irradiation on growth hormone production in childhood. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 5:287–290
Silverman CL, Thomas PRM, McAlister WH, Walker S, Whiteside LA (1981) Slipped capital femoral epiphysis in irradiated children: dose volume and age relationships. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 7:1357–1363
Sklar CA, Robison LL, Nesbit ME, Sather HN, Meadows AT, Ortega JA, Kim TH, Hammond GD (1990) Effects of radiation on testicular function in long-term survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a report from the Children’s Cancer Study Group. J Clin Oncol 8:1981–1987
Streffer C, Molls M (1987) Cultures of preimplantation mouse embryos: a model for radiobiological studies. Adv Radiat Biol 13:169–213
Tanner JM (1962) Growth at adolescence. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford
Valentin J (2002) Basic anatomical and physiological data for use in radiological protection: reference values. ICRP Publication 89. Ann ICRP 32:5–265
Wallace WH, Kelsey TM (2010) Human ovarian reserve from conception to menopause. PLoS ONE 5:e8772
Wallace WH, Thomson AB, Saran F, Kelsey TW (2005) Predicting age of ovarian failure after radiation to a field that includes the ovaries. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62:738–744
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Paulino, A.C., Dhakal, S., Constine, L.S. (2014). BioPediatric Complexities of Growth and Development. In: Rubin, P., Constine, L., Marks, L. (eds) ALERT - Adverse Late Effects of Cancer Treatment. Medical Radiology(). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72314-1_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72314-1_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-72313-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-72314-1
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)