Metamaterials are engineered ring and wire composites whose response to an incident electromagnetic wave can be described by an effective negative dielectric permittivity ε and magnetic permeability μ. Simultaneous negative ε and μ within a given frequency band of a metamaterial gives rise to a negative index of refraction n. This has been demonstrated via a Snell’s law experiment. The electromagnetic properties of many metamaterial structures in the microwave region are investigated through numerical simulations and experiments. A negative index of refraction, n, allows lenses with reduced primary (Seidel) aberrations compared to equivalent positive index lens. This is demonstrated both for cylindrical lenses and spherical lenses, as well as for the gradient index lenses. Detailed field maps of the focal region of the metamaterials lenses are made and compared to a comparable positive index of refraction lens.
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Parazzoli, C.G., Greegor, R.B., Tanielian, M.H. (2007). Development of Negative Index of Refraction Metamaterials with Split Ring Resonators and Wires for RF Lens Applications. In: Krowne, C.M., Zhang, Y. (eds) Physics of Negative Refraction and Negative Index Materials. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 98. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72132-1_11
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