Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Astronomical Optics and Elasticity Theory pp 365–411Cite as

Active Optics with Multimode Deformable Mirrors (MDM) Vase and Meniscus Forms

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Astronomy and Astrophysics Library ((AAL))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   159.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. L.N. Allen, H.W. Romig, in Advanced Optical Manufacturing, SPIE Proc., 1333, 22 (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  2. L.N. Allen, J.J. Hannon, R.W. Rambach, in Active and Adaptative Components, SPIE Proc., 1543, 190 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  3. J.R.P. Angel, N.J. Woolf, H.W. Epps, Good images with very fast paraboloidal primaries: an optical solution and applications, in International Conference on Advanced Technology Telescopes, SPIE Proc., 332, 134 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  4. J.G. Baker, On improving the effectiveness of large telescopes, IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., AES-5, 261 (1969)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. A. Baranne, G.R. Lemaitre, Combinaisons optiques pour très grands télescopes ; le concept TEMOS, C.R. Acad. Sc. Paris, 305 Série II, 445–450 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  6. E.F. Borra, Liquid mirrors, Can. J. Phys., 73, 109–125 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. E.F. Borra, R. Content, L. Girard, Optical shop tests of a f/1.2 – 2.5 meter diameter liquid mirror, Ap. J., 418, 943–946 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. E.F. Borra, R. Content, L. Girard, S. Szapiel, L.M. Tremblay, E. Boily, Liquid mirrors: Optical shop tests and contributions to the technology, Ap. J., 393, 829–847 (1992)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. M.P. Budiansky, Ten Meter Telescope Technical Note No. 95, University of California, Berkeley

    Google Scholar 

  10. Carnegie Observatories report, The 24.5 m Giant Magellan Telescope project (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  11. A. R. F. Clebsch, in Theorie der Elasticität fester Körper, Teubner edit. Leipzig (1862), [French translation: Théorie de l’Élasticité des Corps Solides with annotations and complements by Saint-Venant and Flamant, Dunod edit., Paris (1881)]

    Google Scholar 

  12. A. Couder, Sur les miroirs de télescopes, Bulletin Astronomique, Paris, 2ème Série, Tome VII, Fasc. VI, 219 et seq. (1931)

    Google Scholar 

  13. X. Cui, Y. Li, X. Ni, D. Yang, Z.-q. Yao, G. Li, Z. Yao, Y. Wang, Active support system of LAMOST reflective Schmidt plate, SPIE Proc., 4837, 628–636 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. X. Cui, D.-q. Su, G. Li, Z. Yao, Z. Zhang, Y. Li, Z. Yong, W. You, Z. Xu, W. Hai, Experiment system of LAMOST active optics, SPIE Proc., 5489, 974–985 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. X. Cui, D.-q. Su, Y.-n. Wang, G. Li, G. Li, Y. Zhang, Y. Li, The optical performance of LAMOST telescope, SPIE Proc., 7733 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  16. P. Dierickx, B. Delabre, L. Noethe, OWL 100-m telescope optical design, active optics and error budget, in Optical Design, Materials, Fabrication, and Maintenance, SPIE Proc., 4004, 203–209 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  17. S.A. Dimakov, Comparison properties of analog and digital correction of a primary mirror aberration in observing telescopes, in Laser Optics 2003 : Wavefront Transformation and Laser Beam Control, ICLO XI, SPIE Proc., 5481, 59–70 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  18. M. Duban, G.R. Lemaitre, R. Malina, A new recording way to obtain high resolution holographic gratings through use of MDMs, Appl. Opt. 37(16), 3438–3439 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. M. Duban, Holographic aspheric gratings printed with aberration waves, Appl. Opt. 26, 4263–4273 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. M. Duban, K. Dohlen, G.R. Lemaitre, Illustration of the use of MDMs to record high resolution concave gratings: Results for the COS gratings of HST, Appl. Opt. 37(31), 7214–7217 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. M. Duban, Theory and computation of three Cosmic Origins Spectrograph aspheric gratings recorded with a MDM, Appl. Opt. 38(7), 1096–1102 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  22. M. Duban, Theory of spherical holographic gratings recorded by use of a MDM, Appl. Opt. 37, 7209–7213 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. M. Duban, Third-generation holographic Rowland mounting: Third order theory, Appl. Opt. 38(16), 3443–3449 (1999)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. M. Duban, Third-generation Rowland holographic mounting, Appl. Opt. 30, 4019–4025 (1991)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. E-ELT – Summary of telescope optical designs, ESO conf. report, Marseille, Doc. ESO E-ELT 5 mirrors (2006) and E-ELT Programme, Doc. ESO (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  26. P. Germain, P. Muller, in Introduction à la Mécanique des Mileux Continus, Masson edit., Paris (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  27. B.K. Gibson, P. Hickson, Ap. J., 391, 391 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. J.C. Green, The Cosmic origins spectrograph: A Hubble replacement instrument, in Space Telescope and Instruments, SPIE Proc. 3356, 265–270 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  29. M. Gruneisen, Computer-generated diffractive optics for large aberration correction, in Laser Optics 2003 : Wavefront Transformation and Laser Beam Control, ICLO XI, SPIE Proc., 5481, 82–93 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  30. P. Hickson, E.F. Borra, R. Cabanac, R. Content, B.K. Gibson, G.A.H. Walker, Ap. J. Lett., 436, 201 (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  31. P. Hickson, E.F. Borra, R. Cabanac, S.C. Chapman, V. de Lapparent, M. Mulrooney, G.A. Walker, Large Zenith Telescope project: A 6-m mercury-mirror telescope, in Avanced Technology Optical/IR Telescopes VI, SPIE Proc., 3352, 226–232 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  32. P. Hickson, E.H. Richardson, A curvature-compensated corrector for drift-scan observations, PASP 110, 1081–1086 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. P. Hickson, Eliminating the Coriolis effect in liquid mirrors, PASP, 113, 1511–1514 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. P. Hickson, Private communication to E.H. Richardson (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  35. E. Hugot, G.R. Lemaitre, M. Ferrari, Active optics : single actuator principle and angular thickness distribution for astigmatism compensation by elasticity, Appl. Opt., 47, 1401–1409 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  36. E. Hugot, Optique Astronomique et Elasticité, Ph. D. dissertation, Universite de Provence, Aix Marseille I (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  37. M. Iye and JELT Working group, Concept study of Japan Extremely Large Telescope, in Ground-based Telescopes, SPIE Proc., 5489, 417–428 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  38. G.R. Kirchhoff, Uber das gleichgewicht und die bewegung einer elastischen scheibe, Journ. Crelle 40, 51 (1850). See also the comment on this paper by A.E.H. Love, A Treatise on the Mathematical Theory of Elasticity, Dover publ., 458 (1927) and I. Todhunter, K. Pearson, The Theory of Elasticity, Dover Pub., 2-Part 2, 44 and 406 (1960)

    Google Scholar 

  39. G.R. Kirchhoff, Vorlesungen über Mathematische Physik, Mechanik, 450 (1877)

    Google Scholar 

  40. G.R. Lemaitre, Active optics and aberration correction with multimode deformable mirrors (MDMs) – Vase form and meniscus form, in Laser Optics 2003 : Wavefront Transformation and Laser Beam Control, ICLO XI, SPIE Proc., 5481, 70–81 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  41. G. R. Lemaitre, Active Optics: Vase or meniscus multimode mirrors and degenerated monomode configurations, Meccanica, Springer, 40, vol. 3, 233–249 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  42. G.R. Lemaitre, M. Duban, Universal method for holographic grating recording: MDMs generating Clebsch-Zernike polynomials, Appl. Opt. 40(4), 461–471 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  43. G.R. Lemaitre, Note 1 and Note 2 to ESO E-ELT telescope design working group (2006). Note 1 includes an option with a paraboloid primary mirror design, instead of a slightly elongated eliipsoid primary, that would use an asphericity sag smaller than 600-nm PtV at the pupil conjugate adaptive mirror M4

    Google Scholar 

  44. G.R. Lemaitre, Various Aspects of Active Optics, in Telescopes and Active Systems, Orlando, FA, SPIE Proc., 1114, 328–341 (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  45. J. Lubliner, J.E. Nelson, KECK Telescope : Stressed mirror polishing, Appl. Opt., 19, 2332–2340 (1980)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  46. T.S. Mast, Nelson J.E., in Advanced Technology Telescopes IV, SPIE Proc., 1236, 1236 (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  47. J. McGraw, H. Stockman, R. Angel, H. Epps, SPIE Proc. 331, 137 (1982)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  48. G. Moretto, A corrector design using vase mirrors that allows a fixed telescope to access a large region of sky, Appl. Opt. 36(10), 2114–2122 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  49. G. Moretto, G.R. Lemaitre, T. Bactivelane, M. Wang, M. Ferrari, S. Mazzanti, E.F. Borra, Active mirrors warped using Zernike polynomials for correcting off-axis aberrations of fixed primary mirrors: Optical testing and performance evaluation, Astron. Astrophys. Suppl. Ser. 114, 379–386 (1995)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  50. G. Moretto, in Optical Designs for Fixed Primary Mirrors Observing Off-Axis, Ph. D. thesis, Université Laval, Chap. 5 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  51. J.A. Morse, J.C. Green, D. Ebbets et al., Performance and science goals of the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph for the HST, in Space Telescope and Instruments, SPIE Proc. 3356, 365–368 (1998)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  52. M.K. Mulrooney, Ph. D. thesis, Rice Univerity (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  53. J.E. Nelson, G. Gabor, J. Lubliner, T. Mast, KECK Telescope : Stressed mirror polishing, Appl. Opt., 19, 2341–2350 (1980)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  54. J.E. Nelson, M. Temple-Raston, Off-axis expansions of conic surfaces, KECK Observatory Report 91 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  55. NOAO report, Developing the future Giant Segmented Mirror Telescope (GSMT) (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  56. S. Osterman, E. Wilkinson, J.C. Green, K. Redman, FUV grating performance for the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph, in UV, Optical and IR Space Telescopes and Instruments, SPIE Proc. 4013, 360–366 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  57. M. Paul, Systèmes correcteurs pour réflecteurs astronomiques, Rev. Opt. 14(5), 169–202 (1935)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  58. A. Rakich, Four-mirror anastigmats with useful first order layouts and minimum complexity, in Novel Optical Systems Design and Optimization VII, SPIE Proc., 5524, 101–114 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  59. E.H. Richardson, Corrector lens design for the UBC 5-Meter Liquid Mirror Telescope, private communication to P. Hickson (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  60. A. Saint-Venant (Barré de), in Résumé des Leçons de Navier sur l’Application à la Mécanique, Dunod edit., Paris (1881)

    Google Scholar 

  61. J.M. Sasian, Four-mirror optical system for large telescopes, Opt. Eng., 29(10), 1181–1185 (1990)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  62. D.J. Schroeder, in Astronomical Optics, Academic Press ed., San Diego 115 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  63. D.-q. Su, X. Cui, Active optics in LAMOST, Chin. J. Astron. Astrophys., 4(1), 1–9 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  64. D.-q. Su, Y.-n. Wang, X. Cui, A configuration for [Chinese] future giant telescope, Chin. J. Astron. Astrophys., 28, 356–366 (2004)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  65. S. P. Timoshenko, S. Woinowsky-Krieger, in Theory of Plates and Shells, McGraw-Hill edit., New York 282 (1959)

    Google Scholar 

  66. TMT observatory corp., Thirty Meter Telescope construction proposal (TMT) (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  67. S.-g. Wang, D.-q. Su, Y.-q. Chu, X. Cui, Y.-n. Wang, Special configuration of a very large Schmidt telescope for extensive astronomical spectroscopic observation, Appl. Opt., 35(25), 5155–5161 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  68. M. Wang, G. Moretto, E.F. Borra, G.R. Lemaitre, A single active corrector for liquid mirror telescopes observing off zenith, Astron. Astrophys. 285, 344–353 (1994)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  69. M. Wang, G.R. Lemaitre, Diffraction-limited toroid mirrors aspherized by active optics and drum-like forms, Astron. Astrophys., 240, 551–555 (1990)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  70. R.N. Wilson, B. Delabre, New optical solutions for very large telescopes using a spherical primary, Astron. Astrophys., 294, 322–338 (1995)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  71. S.R. Wilson, D.W. Reicher, J.R. McNeill, in Advances in Fabrication and Metrology for Optics and Large Optics, SPIE Proc., 966, 74 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  72. R.N. Wilson, in Reflecting Telescope Optics II, Springer edit. Berlin, Chap. 1, 28–37 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  73. R.N. Wilson, in Reflecting Telescope Optics I, Springer edit. Berlin, Chap. 3, 219–220 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  74. C.G. Wynne, Field correctors for telescopes at better observing sites, Mon. Not. Astr. Soc. 189, 279 (1979)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  75. Y. Zhang, X. Cui, Calculations for the pre-calibration of LAMOST active optics, Chin. J. Astron. Astrophys., 5–3, 302–314 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Technopôle Château Gombert, Observatoire Astronomique Marseille Provence (OAMP), 38 rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie, 13388, Marseille CX 13, France

    Gérard René Lemaitre

Authors
  1. Gérard René Lemaitre
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lemaitre, G. (2009). Active Optics with Multimode Deformable Mirrors (MDM) Vase and Meniscus Forms. In: Astronomical Optics and Elasticity Theory. Astronomy and Astrophysics Library. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68905-8_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation