This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Bishop, I.N., Simko, A., A New Concept of Stratified Charge Combustion – The Ford Combustion Process (FCP), SAE Transactions, Paper 680041, Vol.77, pp. 93–117, 1968.
Mitchell, E., Cobb, J.M., Frost, R.A., Design and Evaluation of a Stratified Charge Multi-fuel Military Engine, SAE Transactions, Paper 680042, Vol.77, pp.118–128, 1968.
Alperstein, M., Schafer, G.H., Villforth, F.J., Texaco’s Stratified Charge Engine – Multi-fuel, Efficient, Clean, and Practical, SAE Paper 740563, 1974.
Urlaub, A.G., Chmela, F.G., High-Speed, Multi-fuel Engine: L9204 FMV, SAE Paper 740122, 1974.
Scussel, A.J., Simko, A.O., Wade, W.R., The Ford PROCO Engine Update, SAE Transactions, Paper 780699, Vol. 87, pp. 2706–2725, 1978.
Wood, C.D., Unthrottled Open-Chamber Stratified Charge Engines, SAE Paper 780341, 1978.
Schapertons, H., Emmenthal, K.-D., Grabe, H.-J., Opperman, W., VW’s Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) Research Engine, SAE Paper 910054, 1991.
Iwamoto, Y., Noma, K., Nakayama, O., Yamauchi, T., Ando, H., Development of Gasoline Direct Injection Engine, SAE Transaction, Paper 970541, 1997.
Harada, J., Tomita, T., Mizuno, H., Mashiki, Z., Ito, Y., Development of Direct Injection Gasoline Engine, SAE Paper 970540, 1997.
Tagaki, Y., Itoh, T., Muranaka, S., Iiyama, A., Iwakiri, Y., Urushihara, T., Naitoh, K., Simultaneous Attainment of Low Fuel Consumption, High Output Power and Low Exhaust Emissions in Direct Injection SI Engines, SAE Paper 980149, 1998.
Kanda, M., Baika, T., Kato, S., Iwamuro, M., Koike, M., Sito, A., Application of a New Combustion Concept to direct injection gasoline engine, SAE Paper 2000-01-0531, 2000.
Hentschel, W., Block, B., Hovestadt, T., Meyer, H., Ohmstede, G., Richter, V., Stiebels, B., Winkler, A., Optical Diagnostics and CFD-Simulations to Support the Combustion Process Development of the Volkswagen FSI Direct-Injection Gasoline Engine, SAE Paper 2001-01-3648, 2001.
Cathcart, G., Railton, D., Improving Robustness of Spray Guided DI Combustion Systems: The Air-Assisted Approach, JSAE Spring Convention 20015360, 2001.
Befrui, B., Kneer, R., Breuer, S., Reckers, W., Robart, D., Wanlin, H., Weiten, C., Investigation of a DISI Fuel Injector for a Close-Arranged Spray-Guided Combustion System, SAE Paper 2002-01-1133, 2002.
Ortmann, R., Arndt, S., Raimann, J., Wuerfel, G., Grzeszik, R., Methods and Analysis of Fuel Injection, Mixture Preparation and Charge Stratification in Different Direct-Injection SI Engines, SAE Paper 2001-01-0970, 2001.
Achleitner, E., Berger, S., Frenzel, H., Klepatsch, M., Warnecke, V., Gasoline Direct Injection System with Piezo Injectors for Spray-Guided Combustion Processes, MTZ worldwide 5/2004, Vol. 65, p. 2, 2004.
Green Car Congress Mercedes-Benz Premiers New Gasoline Direct Injection System for More Power and Lower Fuel Consumption, http://www.greencarcongress.com/2006/02/ mercedesbenz_pr.html.
Ando. H., Takemura, J., Koujina, E., A Knock Anticipating Strategy Basing on the Real-Time Combustion Mode Analysis, SAE Paper.890882, 1989.
Kuwahara, K., Ueda, K., Ando, H., Mixing Control Strategy for Engine Performance Improvement in a Gasoline Direct Injection Engine, SAE Paper 980158, 1998.
Ueda, K., Kaiahara, K., Krose, K., Ando, H., Idling Stop System Coupled With Quick Start Features of Gasoline Direct Injection, SAE Paper 2001-01-0545, 2001.
Hori, M., Taniguch, S., Noda, N., Abe, F., Iwachido, K., Tanada, H., Watanabe, T., Yamada, N., Ando, H., Development of the NOx Adsorber Catalyst for Use with High-Temperature Condition, SAE Paper 2001-01-1298, 2001.
Tamura, Y., Kikuchi, S., Okada, K., Koga, K., Dogahara, T., Nakayama, O., Ando, H., Development of Advanced Emission-Control Technologies for Gasoline Direct-Injection Engines, SAE Paper 2001-01-0254, 2001.
Kojima, S., Jimbo, T., Katoh, K., Miyashita, S., Watanabe, M., Analysis and Simplification of Thermal Endurance Tests of NOx Storage-Reduction Catalysts, SAE Paper 2004-01-1496, 2004.
Iizuka, H., Kaneeda, M., Higashiyama, K., Kuroda, O., Shinotsuka, N., Watanabe, H., Improvement of Heat Resistance for Lean NOx Catalyst, SAE Paper 2004-01-1495, 2004.
Iwamoto, S., Kouno, Y., Inoue, M., Direct Decomposition of NO by Ba-Loaded Catalyst”, 90th CATSJ A-Page 239, 2002.
Hamada, H., Evolution of NOx removal catalyst 90th CATSJ A-Page 244, 2002.
Ishihara, T., Ando, M., Sada, K., Takiishi, K., Nishiguchi, N., Takita, Y., Direct Decomposition of NO into N2 and O2 over La(Ba)Mn(In)O3 Perovskite Oxide, J. Catal., 220, 104–114, 2003.
Noma, K., Iwamoto, Y., Murakami, N., Iida, N., Nakayama, O., Ando, H., Optimized Gasoline Direct-Injection Engine for the European Market, SAE Paper 980150, 1998.
Yamamoto, S., Tanaka, D., Takemura, J., Ando, H., Mixing Control and Combustion in Gasoline Direct Injection Engines for Reducing Cold-Start Emissions, SAE Paper 2001-01-0550, 2001.
Sadakane, S., Sugiyama, M., Kishi, H., Abe, S. Harada, J., Sonoda, Y., Development of a New V-6 High Performance Stoichiometric Direct Injection Gasoline Engine, SAE Paper 2005-01-1152, 2005.
Nishida, M., Isobe, R., Goto, T., Hanzawa, H., Aiga, S., The New 2.3L Direct Injection Turbo Gasoline Engine from Mazda, 14th Aachen Automotive Colloquium, Aachen, pp. 939–960, 2005.
Middendorf, H., Krebs, R., Szengel, R., Pott, E., Fleis, M., Hagelstein, D., Volkswagen Introduces the Worlds First Double Charge Air Direct Injection Petrol Engine, 14th Aachen Automotive Colloquium, Aachen, pp. 961–986, 2005.
Drake, M.C., Haworth, D.C., Advanced Gasoline Engine Development using Optical Diagnostics and Numerical Modeling, Invited Plenary Lecture, 31st International Symposium on Combustion, Combustion Institution, Heidelberg, Germany, August 6–11, 2006.
Ladenfield, T., Kufferath, A., Gerhardt, J., Gasoline Direct Injection – SULEV Emission Concept, SAE Paper 2004-01-0041, 2004.
Altenschmidt, F., Bertsch, D., Bezner, M., Laudenbach, N., Zahn, M., Schaupp, U., Kaden, A., The Analysis of the Ignition Process on SI-Engines with Direct Injection in Stratified Mode, International Symposium on Internal Combustion Diagnostics, Baden-Baden, Germany, pp. 395–411, 2006.
Stach, T., Schlerfer, J., Vorbach, M., New Generation Multi-Hole Full Injector for Direct-Injection SI Engines – Optimization of Spray Characteristics by Means of Adapted Injector Layout and Multiple Injection”, SAE Paper 2007-01-1404, 2007.
Marchi, A., Nouri, J.M., Yan, Y., Arcoumanis, C., Internal Flow and Spray Characteristics of Pintle-type Outwards Opening Piezo Injectors for Gasoline Direct-Injection Engines, SAE Paper 2007-01-1406, 2007.
Papoulias, D., Giannadakis, E., Mitroglou, N., Gavaises, M., Cavitation in Fuel Injection Systems for Spray-Guided Direct Injection Gasoline Engines, SAE Paper 2007-01-1418, 2007.
Nouri, J.M., Hamid, M.A., Abo-Serie, E., Marchi, A., Mitroglou, N., Arcoumanis, C., Internal and Near Nozzle Flow Characteristics in an Enlarged Model of an Outwards Opening Pintle-Type Gasoline Injector, Proceedings of Third International Conference on Optical and Laser Diagnostics (ICOLAD 2007), City University, London, 22–25 May 2007, 2007.
Nouri, J.M., Hamid, M.A., Yan, Y., Arcoumanis, C., Spray Characterization of a Piezo Pintle-Type Injector for Gasoline Direct Injection Engines, Proceedings of Third International Conference on Optical and Laser Diagnostics (ICOLAD 2007), City University, London, 22–25 May 2007, 2007.
Skogsberg, M., Dahlander, P., Denbratt, I., Spray Shape and Atomization Quality of an Outward-Opening Piezo Gasoline DI Injector, SAE Paper 2007-01-1409, 2007.
Skogsberg, M., A Study on Spray-Guided Stratified Charge Systems for Gasoline DI Engines, PhD Thesis, Department of Applied Mechanics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden, 2007.
Dahlander, P., Lindgren, R., Denbratt, I., High-Speed Photography and Phase Doppler Anemometry Measurements of Flash-Boiling Multihole Injector Sprays for Spray-Guided Gasoline Direct Injection, Paper ICLASS06-0112, ICLASS, Kyoto, Japan, 2006.
Schwarz, C., Schünemann, E., Durst, D., Fischer, J., Witt, A., Potentials of the Spray-Guided BMW DI Combustion System, SAE Paper 2006-01-1265, 2006.
Fischer, J., Kern, W., Unterweger, G., Witt, A., Durst, B., Schünemann, E., Schwarz, C., Methods for the Development of the Spray-Guided BMW DI Combustion System, International Symposium on Internal Combustion Diagnostics, Baden-Baden, pp. 413–423, 2006.
Yan, Y., Gashi, S., Nouri, J.M., Lockett, R.D., Arcoumanis, C., Investigation of Spray Characteristics in a Spray-Guided DISI Engine Using PLIF and LDV, Proceedings of Third International Conference on Optical and Laser Diagnostics (ICOLAD 2007), City University, London, 22–25 May 2007, 2007.
Mitroglou, N., Nouri, J.M., Yan, Y., Gavaises, M., Arcoumanis, C., Spray Structure Generated by Multi-Hole Injectors for Gasoline Direct-Injection Engines, SAE Technical Paper Series, 2007-01-1417, 2007.
Mitroglou, N., Nouri, J.M., Gavaises, M., Arcoumanis, C., Spray Characteristics of a Multi-Hole Injector for Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines, Int. J. Eng. Res., 7, No.3, 255–270, 2006.
Skogsberg, M., et al., Effects of Injector Parameters on Mixture Formation for Multi-Hole Nozzles in a Spray-Guided Gasoline DI Engine, SAE Technical Papers, 2005-01-0097, 2005.
Fansler, T.D., Drake, M.C., Düwel, I., Zimmerman, F.P., Fuel-Spray and Spark-Plug Interactions in a Spray-Guided Direct-Injection Gasoline Engine, International Symposium on Internal Combustion Diagnostics, Baden-Baden, pp. 81–97, 2006.
Arcoumanis, C., Gavaises, M., Nouri, J.M., Abdul-Wahab, E. Horrocks, R., Analysis of the Flow in the Nozzle of a Vertical Multi-Hole Diesel Engine Injector, SAE Paper 980811, 1998.
Arcoumanis, C., Badani, M., Flora, H. Gavaises, M., Cavitation in Real-Size Multi-Hole Diesel Injector Nozzles, SAE Paper 2000-01-1249, 2000.
Roth, H., Gavaises, M., Arcoumanis, C., Cavitation Initiative, its Development and Link with Flow Turbulence in Diesel Injector Nozzles, SAE Paper 2002-01-0214, 2002.
Nouri, J.M., Mitroglou, N., Yan, Y., Arcoumanis, C., Internal Flow and Cavitation in a Multi-Hole Injector for Gasoline Direct-Injection Engines, SAE Technical Paper Series, 2007-01-1405, 2007.
Birth, I.G., Recks, M., Spicher, U., Experimental Investigation of the In-Nozzle Flow of Valve Covered Orifice Nozzle for Gasoline Direct Injection Engines, International Symposium Internal Combustion Diagnostics, Baden-Baden, pp. 59–78, 2006.
Dahlander, P., Annual Report, Combustion Engine Research Centre, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 2006.
Marchi, A., Internal Flow and Spray Characteristics of the Pintle Type Piezo Injector, PhD Thesis in preparation, School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, City University, London, 2008.
Mitroglou, N., Multihole Injectors for Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines, PhD Thesis, School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, City University, London, 2006.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge the valuable support of Dr N. Mitroglou to the editing of this chapter and the sponsors of the various research programmes.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ando, H., Arcoumanis, C.(. (2008). Flow, Mixture Preparation and Combustion in Four-Stroke Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines. In: Arcoumanis, C., Kamimoto, T. (eds) Flow and Combustion in Reciprocating Engines. Experimental Fluid Mechanics. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68901-0_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68901-0_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-64142-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-68901-0
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)