Skip to main content

Knorpel: Akute Verletzungen und chronische Schäden

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Tscherne Unfallchirurgie
  • 5158 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Die Mehrzahl der Knorpelschäden an Sprunggelenk und Fuß sind posttraumatischer Natur, jedoch finden sich auch chondrale und osteochondrale Läsionen anderer Genese. Es werden akute Verletzungen und chronische Schäden am Gelenkknorpel sowie aktuelle und perspektivische Behandlungsstrategien von knochenmarkstimulierenden Verfahren bis zur Stammzell- und Gentherapie kritisch im Spiegel der Literatur dargestellt. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf osteochondralen Frakturen und der Osteochondrosis dissecans am Talus. Ein Unterkapitel widmet sich zusätzlich den Knorpelschäden distal des oberen Sprunggelenks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 269.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 349.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Literatur

  • Adachi N, Deie M, Nakamae A, Ishikawa M, Motoyama M, Ochi M (2009) Functional and radiographic outcome of stable juvenile osteochondritis dissecans of the knee treated with retroarticular drilling without bone grafting. Arthroscopy 25:145–152

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ahn JH, Lee SK, Kim KJ, Kim YI, Choy WS (2009) Subtalar arthroscopic procedures for the treatment of subtalar pathologic conditions: 115 consecutive cases. Orthopedics 32:891–896

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Aichroth P (1971) Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee. A clinical survey. J Bone Joint Surg Br 53:440–447

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Ali D, Graichen H, Faber S, Englmeier KH, Reiser M, Eckstein F (2002) Quantitative cartilage imaging of the human hind foot: precision and inter-subject variability. J Orthop Res 20:249–256

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Shaikh RA, Chou LB, Mann JA, Dreeben SM, Prieskorn D (2002) Autologous osteochondral grafting for talar cartilage defects. Foot Ankle Int 23:381–389

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Amendola A, Petrik J, Webster-Bogaert S (1996) Ankle arthroscopy: outcome in 79 consecutive patients. Arthroscopy 12:565–573

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson IF, Crichton KJ, Grattan-Smith T, Cooper RA, Brazier D (1989) Osteochondral fractures of the dome of the talus. J Bone Joint Surg Am 71:1143–1152

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Angermann P, Riegels-Nielsen P (1990) Fibrin fixation of osteochondral talar fracture. Acta Orthop Scand 61:551–553

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Assenmacher JA, Kelikian AS, Gottlob C, Kodros S (2001) Arthroscopically assisted autologous osteochondral transplantation for osteochondral lesions of the talar dome: an MRI and clinical follow-up study. Foot Ankle Int 22:544–551

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Athanasiou KA, Niederauer GG, Schenck RC Jr (1995) Biomechanical topography of human ankle cartilage. Ann Biomed Eng 23:697–704

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Aurich M, Bedi HS, Smith PJ, Rolauffs B, Muckley T, Clayton J, Blackney M (2011) Arthroscopic treatment of osteochondral lesions of the ankle with matrix-associated chondrocyte implantation: early clinical and magnetic resonance imaging results. Am J Sports Med 39:311–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Baltzer AW, Arnold JP (2005) Bone-cartilage transplantation from the ipsilateral knee for chondral lesions of the talus. Arthroscopy 21:159–166

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barber FA, Click J, Britt BT (1990) Complications of ankle arthroscopy. Foot Ankle 10:263–266

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bartlett W, Skinner JA, Gooding CR, Carrington RW, Flanagan AM, Briggs TW, Bentley G (2005) Autologous chondrocyte implantation versus matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation for osteochondral defects of the knee: a prospective, randomised study. J Bone Joint Surg Br 87:640–645

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bauer M, Jonsson K, Linden B (1987) Osteochondritis dissecans of the ankle. A 20-year follow-up study. J Bone Joint Surg Br 69:93–96

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baumbach K, Petersen JP, Ueblacker P, Schroder J, Gopfert C, Stork A, Rueger JM, Amling M, Meenen NM (2008) The fate of osteochondral grafts after autologous osteochondral transplantation: a one-year follow-up study in a minipig model. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 128:1255–1263

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baums MH, Heidrich G, Schultz W, Steckel H, Kahl E, Klinger HM (2006) Autologous chondrocyte transplantation for treating cartilage defects of the talus. J Bone Joint Surg Am 88:303–308

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Becher C, Driessen A, Thermann H (2008) Die Technik der Mikrofrakturierung zur operativen Therapie von Knorpelläsionen am Talus. Orthopäde 37:196, 198–203

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Becher C, Driessen A, Hess T, Longo UG, Maffulli N, Thermann H (2010) Microfracture for chondral defects of the talus: maintenance of early results at midterm follow-up. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 18:656–663

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berndt AL, Harty M (1959) Transchondral fractures (osteochondritis dissecans) of the talus. Am J Orthop 41-A:988–1020

    Google Scholar 

  • Biedert R (1989) Osteochondrale Läsionen des Talus. Unfallchirurg 92:199–205

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bös L (2001) Current thoughts on etiology, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for osteochondrosis dissecans of the talus. Arthroskopie 14:188–198

    Google Scholar 

  • Böstman OM (1991) Absorbable implants for the fixation of fractures. J Bone joint Surg (Am) 73:148–153

    Google Scholar 

  • Böstman OM, Laitinen OM, Tynninen O, Salminen ST, Pihlajamäki HK (2005) Tissue restoration after resorption of polyglycolide and poly-laevo-lactic acid screws. J Bone Joint Surg Br 87:1575–1580

    Google Scholar 

  • Brittberg M, Lindahl A, Nilsson A, Ohlsson C, Isaksson O, Peterson L (1994) Treatment of deep cartilage defects in the knee with autologous chondrocyte transplantation. N Engl J Med 331:889–895

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bruns J, Rosenbach B (1990) Pressure distribution at the ankle joint. Clin Biomech 5:153–161

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bruns J, Rosenbach B, Kahrs J (1992) Ätiopathogenetische Aspekte der medialen Osteochondrosis dissecans tali. Sportverletz Sportschaden 6:43–49

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buckwalter JA (2002) Articular cartilage injuries. Clin Orthop 402:21–37

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buckwalter JA, Roughley PJ, Rosenberg LC (1994) Age-related changes in cartilage proteoglycans: quantitative electron microscopic studies. Microsc Res Tech 28: 398–408

    Google Scholar 

  • Bugbee WD, Khanna G, Cavallo M, McCauley JC, Gortz S, Brage ME (2013) Bipolar fresh osteochondral allografting of the tibiotalar joint. J Bone Joint Surg Am 95:426–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Canale ST, Belding RH (1980) Osteochondral lesions of the talus. J Bone Joint Surg Am 62:97–102

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Caplan AI, Elyaderani M, Mochizuki Y, Wakitani S, Goldberg VM (1997) Principles of cartilage repair and regeneration. Clin Orthop 342:254–269

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Catanzariti A, Karlock L (1996) The application of allograft bone in foot and ankle surgery. J Foot Ankle Surg 35:440–451

    Google Scholar 

  • Cherubino P, Grassi FA, Bulgheroni P, Ronga M (2003) Autologous chondrocyte implantation using a bilayer collagen membrane: a preliminary report. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 11:10–15

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chesterman PJ, Smith AU (1968) Homotransplantation of articular cartilage and isolated chondrocytes. An experimental study in rabbits. J Bone Joint Surg Br 50:184–197

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Choi WJ, Park KK, Kim BS, Lee JW (2009) Osteochondral lesion of the talus: is there a critical defect size for poor outcome? Am J Sports Med 37:1974–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Conti SF, Taranow WS (1996) Transtalar retrograde drilling of medial osteochondral lesions of the talar dome. Oper Tech Orthop 6:226–230

    Google Scholar 

  • Coughlin MJ, Shurnas PS (2004) Hallux rigidus. J Bone Joint Surg Am 86-A (Suppl 1):119–130

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Crystal RG (1995) Transfer of genes to humans: early lessons and obstacles to success. Science 270:404–410

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davis AW, Alexander IJ (1990) Problematic fractures and dislocations in the foot and ankle of athletes. Clin Sports Med 9:163–181

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dipaola JD, Nelson DW, Colville MR (1991) Characterizing osteochondral lesions by magnetic resonance imaging. Arthroscopy 7:101–104

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dore JL, Rosset P (1995) Lésions ostéochondrales du dôme astragalien. Etude multicentrique de 169 cas. Ann Orthop de l’Ouest 27:146–191

    Google Scholar 

  • Draper SD, Fallat LM (2000) Autogenous bone grafting for the treatment of talar dome lesions. J Foot Ankle Surg 39:15–23

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Elgafy H, Ebraheim NA (1999) Subtalar arthroscopy for persistent subfibular pain after calcaneal fractures. Foot Ankle Int 20:422–427

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Elias I, Jung JW, Raikin SM, Schweitzer MW, Carrino JA, Morrison WB (2006) Osteochondral lesions of the talus: change in MRI findings over time in talar lesions without operative intervention and implications for staging systems. Foot Ankle Int 27:157–166

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ferkel RD, Small HN, Gittins JE (2001) Complications in foot and ankle arthroscopy. Clin Orthop 391:89–104

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Flick AB, Gould N (1985) Osteochondrosis dissecans of the talus: review of the literature and new surgical approach for medial dome lesions. Foot Ankle 5:165–185

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fournol S (1999) L’arthroplasie totale sous-talienne. Resultats et bilan d’une serie de 100 protheses. Medical Chirurgie Pied 15:67–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Frank A, Cohen P, Beaufils P, Lamare J (1989) Arthroscopic treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talar dome. Arthroscopy 5:57–61

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frey C, Feder KS, DiGiovanni C (1999) Arthroscopic evaluation of the subtalar joint: does sinus tarsi syndrome exist? Foot Ankle Int 20:185–191

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Frey C, Gasser S, Feder K (1994) Arthroscopy of the subtalar joint. Foot Ankle Int 15: 424–428

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Friederichs MG, Greis PE, Burks RT (2001) Pitfalls associated with fixation of osteochondritis dissecans fragments using bioabsorbable screws. Arthroscopy 17:542–545

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fuchs M, Vosshenrich R, Dumont C, Sturmer KM (2003) Refixation osteochondraler Fragmente mit reorbierbaren Implantaten. Erste Ergebnisse einer retrospektiven Studie. Chirurg 74:554–561

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gaulrapp H, Hagena FW, Wasmer G (1996) Die postoperative Bewertung der Osteochondrosis dissecans tali unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Innenknöchelosteotomie. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 134:346–353

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gautier E, Kolker D, Jakob RP (2002) Treatment of cartilage defects of the talus by autologous osteochondral grafts. J Bone Joint Surg Br 84:237–244

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia EJ, Bear RR, Schoenfeld AJ, Owens BD (2010) Treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus with a biosynthetic scaffold. A report of four cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am 92:1774–1779

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Geerling J, Zech S, Kendoff D, Citak M, O’Loughlin PF, Hufner T, Krettek C, Richter M (2009) Initial outcomes of 3-dimensional imaging-based computer-assisted retrograde drilling of talar osteochondral lesions. Am J Sports Med 37:1351–1357

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Getgood A, Brooks R, Fortier L, Rushton N (2009) Articular cartilage tissue engineering: today’s research, tomorrow’s practice? J Bone Joint Surg Br 91:565–576

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Giannini S, Buda R, Grigolo B, Vannini F (2001) Autologous chondrocyte transplantation in osteochondral lesions of the ankle joint. Foot Ankle Int 22:513–517

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Giannini S, Buda R, Vannini F, Di Caprio F, Grigolo B (2008) Arthroscopic autologous chondrocyte implantation in osteochondral lesions of the talus: surgical technique and results. Am J Sports Med 36:873–880

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Giannini S, Buda R, Vannini F, Cavallo M, Grigolo B (2009) One-step bone marrow-derived cell transplantation in talar osteochondral lesions. Clin Orthop Relat Res 467:3307–3320

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Giannini S, Buda R, Grigolo B, Bevoni R, Di Caprio F, Ruffilli A, Cavallo M, Desando G, Vannini F (2010) Bipolar fresh osteochondral allograft of the ankle. Foot Ankle Int 31:38–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibson JN, Thomson CE (2005) Arthrodesis or total replacement arthroplasty for hallux rigidus: a randomized controlled trial. Foot Ankle Int 26:680–690

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gobbi A, Francisco RA, Lubowitz JH, Allegra F, Canata G (2006) Osteochondral lesions of the talus: randomized controlled trial comparing chondroplasty, microfracture, and osteochondral autograft transplantation. Arthroscopy 22:1085–1092

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gooding CR, Bartlett W, Bentley G, Skinner JA, Carrington R, Flanagan A (2006) A prospective, randomised study comparing two techniques of autologous chondrocyte implantation for osteochondral defects in the knee: Periosteum covered versus type I/III collagen covered. Knee 13:203–210

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gross AE, Agnidis Z, Hutchison CR (2001) Osteochondral defects of the talus treated with fresh osteochondral allograft transplantation. Foot Ankle Int 22:385–391

    Google Scholar 

  • Haene R, Qamirani E, Story RA, Pinsker E, Daniels TR (2012) Intermediate outcomes of fresh talar osteochondral allografts for treatment of large osteochondral lesions of the talus. J Bone Joint Surg Am 94:1105–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Han SH, Lee JW, Lee DY, Kang ES (2006) Radiographic changes and clinical results of osteochondral defects of the talus with and without subchondral cysts. Foot Ankle Int 27:1109–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Hangody L, Fules P (2003) Autologous osteochondral mosaicplasty for the treatment of full-thickness defects of weight-bearing joints: ten years of experimental and clinical experience. J Bone Joint Surg Am 85-A (Suppl 2):25–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Hangody L, Dobos J, Balo E, Panics G, Hangody LR, Berkes I (2010) Clinical experiences with autologous osteochondral mosaicplasty in an athletic population: a 17-year prospective multicenter study. Am J Sports Med 38:1125–1133

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hangody L, Kish G, Modis L, Szerb I, Gaspar L, Dioszegi Z, Kendik Z (2001) Mosaicplasty for the treatment of osteochondritis dissecans of the talus: two to seven year results in 36 patients. Foot Ankle Int 22:552–558

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hankemeier S, Muller EJ, Kaminski A, Muhr G (2003) 10-Jahres-Ergebnisse knochenmarkstimulierender Therapie der Osteochondrosis dissecans tali. Unfallchirurg 106:461–466

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hattori K, Takakura Y, Tanaka Y, Habata T, Kumai T, Uematsu K, Sugimoto K, Ikeuchi K (2006) Quantitative ultrasound can assess living human cartilage. J Bone Joint Surg Am 88 (Suppl 4):201–212

    Google Scholar 

  • Henderson IJ, Tuy B, Connell D, Oakes B, Hettwer WH (2003) Prospective clinical study of autologous chondrocyte implantation and correlation with MRI at three and 12 months. J Bone Joint Surg Br 85:1060–1066

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hintermann B, Boss A, Schafer D (2002) Arthroscopic findings in patients with chronic ankle instability. Am J Sports Med 30:402–409

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hintermann B, Regazzoni P, Lampert C, Stutz G, Gachter A (2000) Arthroscopic findings in acute fractures of the ankle. J Bone Joint Surg Br 82:345–351

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hovis WD, Kaiser BW, Watson JT, Bucholz RW (2002) Treatment of syndesmotic disruptions of the ankle with bioabsorbable screw fixation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 84-A:26–31

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Howard RD, McIlwraith CW, Trotter GW, Powers BE, McFadden PR, Harwood FL, Amiel D (1994) Long-term fate and effects of exercise on sternal cartilage autografts used for repair of large osteochondral defects in horses. Am J Vet Res 55:1158–1167

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hunter W (1743) On the structure and disease of articulating cartilage. Philos Trans R Soc London 42 b:514–521

    Google Scholar 

  • Hunziker EB (2002) Articular cartilage repair: basic science and clinical progress. A review of the current status and prospects. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 10:432–463

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Imhoff AB, Paul J, Ottinger B, Wortler K, Lammle L, Spang J, Hinterwimmer S (2011) Osteochondral transplantation of the talus: long-term clinical and magnetic resonance imaging evaluation. Am J Sports Med 39 1487–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Jeng CL, Kadakia A, White KL, Myerson MS (2008) Fresh osteochondral allograft transplantation for the treatment of ankle arthritis. Foot Ankle Int 29:554–560

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jerosch J, Fadel M (2006) Endoscopic resection of a symptomatic os trigonum. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 14:1188–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Kappis M (1922) Weitere Beiträge zur traumatisch-mechanischen Entstehung der spontanen Knorpelablösung. Deutsch Z Chir 171:13–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelberine F, Frank A (1999) Arthroscopic treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talar dome: a retrospective study of 48 cases. Arthroscopy 15:77–84

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kerr TS (1973) Osteochondritis dissecans of the talus. Proc R Soc Med 66:517–518

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim CW, Jamali A, Tontz W, Convery FR, Brage M, Bugbee W (2002) Treatment of posttraumatic ankle arthrosis with bipolar tibiotalar osteochondral shelle allografts. Foot Ankle Int 23:1091–1102

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knutsen G, Engebretsen L, Ludvigsen TC, Drogset JO, Grontvedt T, Solheim E, Strand T, Roberts S, Isaksen V, Johansen O (2004) Autologous chondrocyte implantation compared with microfracture in the knee. A randomized trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am 86-A:455–464

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kolker D, Murray M, Wilson M (2004) Osteochondral defects of the talus treated with autologous bone grafting. J Bone Joint Surg Br 86:521–526

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Komenda GA, Ferkel RD (1999) Arthroscopic findings associated with the unstable ankle. Foot Ankle Int 20:708–713

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • König F (1888) Ueber freie Körper in den Gelenken. Deutsch Z Chir 27:90–109

    Google Scholar 

  • Konkel KF, Menger AG (2006) Mid-term results of titanium hemi-great toe implants. Foot Ankle Int 27:922–929

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kono M, Takao M, Naito K, Uchio Y, Ochi M (2006) Retrograde drilling for osteochondral lesions of the talar dome. Am J Sports Med 34:1450–1456

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koulalis D, Schultz W, Heyden M (2002) Autologous chondrocyte transplantation for osteochondritis dissecans of the talus. Clin Orthop 395:186–192

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Koulalis D, Schultz W, Psychogios B, Papagelopoulos PJ (2004) Articular reconstruction of osteochondral defects of the talus through autologous chondrocyte transplantation. Orthopedics 27:559–561

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kouvalchouk JF, Rodineau J (1985) Le traitement chirurgical des lesions osteochondrales anciennes du dome astragalien par curetage-comblement. Acta Orthop Belg 51:52–65

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kreuz PC, Steinwachs M, Erggelet C, Lahm A, Henle P, Niemeyer P (2006) Mosaicplasty with autogenous talar autograft for osteochondral lesions of the talus after failed primary arthroscopic management: a prospective study with a 4-year follow-up. Am J Sports Med 34:55–63

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kumai T, Takakura Y, Higashiyama I, Tamai S (1999) Arthroscopic drilling for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus. J Bone Joint Surg Am 81:1229–1235

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kumai T, Takakura Y, Kitada C, Tanaka Y, Hayashi K (2002) Fixation of osteochondral lesions of the talus using cortical bone pegs. J Bone Joint Surg Br 84:369–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Lahm A, Erggelet C, Steinwachs M, Reichelt A (2000) Arthroscopic management of osteochondral lesions of the talus: results of drilling and usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging before and after treatment. Arthroscopy 16:299–304

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee CH, Chao KH, Huang GS, Wu SS (2003) Osteochondral autografts for osteochondritis dissecans of the talus. Foot Ankle Int 24:815–822

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee KB, Bai LB, Park JG, Yoon TR (2008a) A comparison of arthroscopic and MRI findings in staging of osteochondral lesions of the talus. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 16:1047–1051

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee KB, Bai LB, Song EK, Jung ST, Kong IK (2008b) Subtalar arthroscopy for sinus tarsi syndrome: arthroscopic findings and clinical outcomes of 33 consecutive cases. Arthroscopy 24:1130–1134

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee KB, Bai LB, Chung JY, Seon JK (2010) Arthroscopic microfracture for osteochondral lesions of the talus. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 18:247–253

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leontaritis N, Hinojosa L, Panchbhavi VK (2009) Arthroscopically detected intra-articular lesions associated with acute ankle fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am 91:333–339

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Loomer R, Fisher C, Lloyd-Smith R, Sisler J, Cooney T (1993) Osteochondral lesions of the talus. Am J Sports Med 21:13–19

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lozano J, Li X, Link TM, Safran M, Majumdar S, Ma CB (2006) Detection of posttraumatic cartilage injury using quantitative T1rho magnetic resonance imaging. A report of two cases with arthroscopic findings. J Bone Joint Surg Am 88:1349–1352

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ly PN, Fallat LM (1993) Trans-chondral fractures of the talus: a review of 64 surgical cases. J Foot Ankle Surg 32:352–374

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Madi F, Vialle R, Mary P, Ducou le Pointe H, Damsin JP, Filipe G (2005) Osteochondritis dissecans of the subtalar articular facet: an unusual diagnosis. Pediatr Radiol; 35:823–825

    Google Scholar 

  • Malinin T, Temple HT, Buck BE (2006) Transplantation of osteochondral allografts after cold storage. J Bone Joint Surg Am 88:762–770

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marquass B, Schulz R, Hepp P, Zscharnack M, Aigner T, Schmidt S, Stein F, Richter R, Osterhoff G, Aust G, Josten C, Bader A (2011) Matrix-associated implantation of predifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells versus articular chondrocytes: in vivo results of cartilage repair after 1 year. Am J Sports Med 39:1401–1412

    Google Scholar 

  • Martinek V, Ueblacker P, Imhoff AB (2003) Current concepts of gene therapy and cartilage repair. J Bone Joint Surg Br 85:782–788

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mason JM, Breitbart AS, Barcia M, Porti D, Pergolizzi RG, Grande DA (2000) Cartilage and bone regeneration using gene-enhanced tissue engineering. Clin Orthop 379 (Suppl):S 171–178

    Google Scholar 

  • McGahan PJ, Pinney SJ (2010) Current concept review: osteochondral lesions of the talus. Foot Ankle Int 31:90–101

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meehan R, McFarlin S, Bugbee W, Brage M (2005) Fresh ankle osteochondral allograft transplantation for tibiotalar joint arthritis. Foot Ankle Int 26:793–802

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mendicino RW, Lee MS, Grossman JP, Shromoff PJ (1998) Oblique medial malleolar osteotomy for the management of talar dome lesions. J Foot Ankle Surg 37:516–523

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mintz DN, Tashjian GS, Connell DA, Deland JT, O’Malley M, Potter HG (2003) Osteochondral lesions of the talus: a new magnetic resonance grading system with arthroscopic correlation. Arthroscopy 19:353–359

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Monden S, Hasegawa A, Takagishi K (2010) A clinical study of chondral-separated types of osteochondral lesions of the talus. Foot Ankle Int 31:124–130

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Monro A (1747) Part of the cartilage of the joint of the knee, separated and ossified. vol. IV, Observ XIX. Ruddimans, Edinburgh, S 244–245

    Google Scholar 

  • Nafei A, Saether J, Gelineck J (1990) Osteochondritis dissecans of the calcaneus (in Danish). Ugeskr Laeger 152:1095–1096

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nam EK, Ferkel RD, Applegate GR (2009) Autologous chondrocyte implantation of the ankle: a 2- to 5-year follow-up. Am J Sports Med 37:274–84

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Donoghue DH (1970) Treatment of injuries to athletes. Saunders, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Driscoll SW (1998) The healing and regeneration of articular cartilage. J Bone Joint Surg Am 80:1795–812

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Farrell TA, Costello BG (1982) Osteochondritis dissecans of the talus. The late results of surgical treatment. J Bone Joint Surg Br 64:494–497

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohnsorge JA, Portheine F, Mahnken AH, Prescher A, Wirtz DC, Siebert CH (2003) Computer-assistierte retrograde Anbohrung der Osteochondrosis dissecans tali mittels fluoroskopischer Navigation. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 141:452–458

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Outerbridge RE (1961) The etiology of chondromalacia patellae. J Bone Joint Surg Br 43-B:752–757

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parisien JS (1986) Arthroscopic treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus. Am J Sports Med 14:211–217

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Park J, Gelse K, Frank S, von der Mark K, Aigner T, Schneider H (2006) Transgene-activated mesenchymal cells for articular cartilage repair: a comparison of primary bone marrow-, perichondrium/periosteum- and fat-derived cells. J Gene Med 8:112–125

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Paul J, Sagstetter A, Kriner M, Imhoff AB, Spang J, Hinterwimmer S (2009) Donor-site morbidity after osteochondral autologous transplantation for lesions of the talus. J Bone Joint Surg Am 91:1683–1688

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peterson L (2002) Articular resurfacing of talar dome lesions. Presented at the Annual AOFAS Winter Meeting, Dallas, TX, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Peterson L, Brittberg M, Kiviranta I, Akerlund EL, Lindahl A (2002) Autologous chondrocyte transplantation. Biomechanics and long-term durability. Am J Sports Med 30:2–12

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peterson L, Brittberg M, Lindahl A (2003) Autologous chondrocyte transplantation of the ankle. Foot Ankle Clin 8:291–303

    Google Scholar 

  • Pettine KA, Morrey BF (1987) Osteochondral fractures of the talus. A long-term follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Br 69:89–92

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pridie K (1959) A new method of resurfacing osteoarthritic knee joints. J Bone Joint Surg (Br) 41:618–619

    Google Scholar 

  • Raikin SM (2009) Fresh osteochondral allografts for large-volume cystic osteochondral defects of the talus. J Bone Joint Surg Am 91:2818–2826

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Raikin SM, Elias I, Zoga AC, Morrison WB, Besser MP, Schweitzer ME (2007) Osteochondral lesions of the talus: localization and morphologic data from 424 patients using a novel anatomical grid scheme. Foot Ankle Int 28:154–161

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rammelt S, Gavlik JM, Barthel S, Zwipp H (2002) The value of subtalar arthroscopy in the management of intra-articular calcaneus fractures. Foot Ankle Int 23:906–916

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rammelt S, Grass R, Zawadski T, Biewener A, Zwipp H (2004) Foot function after subtalar distraction bone-block arthrodesis. A prospective study. J Bone Joint Surg Br 86:659–668

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rammelt S, Amlang M, Zwipp H (2007) A modified technique of local osteochondral grafting for ODT. Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Summer Meeting of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society, Toronto, Canada, July 13–15, 2007, S 185

    Google Scholar 

  • Rammelt S, Amlang M, Barthel S, Gavlik JM, Zwipp H (2010) Percutaneous treatment of less severe intraarticular calcaneal fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res 468:983–990

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ray RB, Coughlin EJ (1947) Osteochondritis dissecans of the talus. J Bone Joint Surg 29:697–706

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reddy S, Pedowitz DI, Parekh SG, Sennett BJ, Okereke E (2007) The morbidity associated with osteochondral harvest from asymptomatic knees for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus. Am J Sports Med 35:80–85

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reginster JY, Deroisy R, Rovati LC, Lee RL, Lejeune E, Bruyere O, Giacovelli G, Henrotin Y, Dacre JE, Gossett C (2001) Long-term effects of glucosamine sulphate on osteoarthritis progression: a randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Lancet 357:251–256

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Richter M, Zech S (2013) Matrix-associated stem cell transplantation (MAST) in chondral defects of foot and ankle is effective. Foot Ankle Surg 19:84–90

    Google Scholar 

  • Richter W (2009) Mesenchymal stem cells and cartilage in situ regeneration. J Intern Med 266:390–405

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson DE, Winson IG, Harries WJ, Kelly AJ (2003) Arthroscopic treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus. J Bone Joint Surg Br 85:989–993

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ronga M, Grassi FA, Montoli C, Bulgheroni P, Genovese E, Cherubino P (2005) Treatment of deep cartilage defects of the ankle with matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI). Foot Ankle Surg 11:29–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Sammarco GJ, Makwana NK (2002) Treatment of talar osteochondral lesions using local osteochondral graft. Foot Ankle Int 23:693–698

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schäfer DB (2003) Cartilage repair of the talus. Foot Ankle Clin 8:739–749

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider TE, Karaikudi S (2009) Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) grafting for osteochondral lesions of the talus. Foot Ankle Int 30:810–814

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scholten PE, Sierevelt IN, van Dijk CN (2008) Hindfoot endoscopy for posterior ankle impingement. J Bone Joint Surg Am 90:2665–2672

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schöttle PB, Imhoff AB (2002) Die osteochondrale Autograft-Transplantation (OATS ) am Talus. Operat Orthop Traumatol 14:123–140

    Google Scholar 

  • Schöttle PB, Oettl GM, Agneskirchner JD, Imhoff AB (2001) Operative Therapie von osteochondralen Lasionen am Talus mit autologer Knorpel-Knochen-Transplantation. Orthopäde 30:53–58

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz A, Jerosch J (2003) Osteochondrale autologe Transplantation am Metatarsophalangealgelenk I beidseits – ein Fallbericht. Fuss Sprungg 1:37–42

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuman L, Struijs PA, van Dijk CN (2002) Arthroscopic treatment for osteochondral defects of the talus. Results at follow-up at 2–11 years. J Bone Joint Surg Br 84:364–368

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scranton PE, Jr., Frey CC, Feder KS (2006) Outcome of osteochondral autograft transplantation for type-V cystic osteochondral lesions of the talus. J Bone Joint Surg Br 88:614–619

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scranton PE Jr, McDermott JE (2001) Treatment of type V osteochondral lesions of the talus with ipsilateral knee osteochondral autografts. Foot Ankle Int 22:380–384

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seil R, Rupp S, Pape D, Dienst M, Kohn D (2001) Zugangswege zur offenen Behandlung osteochondraler Läsionen am Talus. Orthopäde 30:47–52

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Selmi TA, Verdonk P, Chambat P, Dubrana F, Potel JF, Barnouin L, Neyret P (2008) Autologous chondrocyte implantation in a novel alginate-agarose hydrogel: outcome at two years. J Bone Joint Surg Br 90:597–604

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shea MP, Manoli A 2nd (1993) Osteochondral lesions of the talar dome. Foot Ankle 14: 48–55

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shearer C, Loomer R, Clement D (2002) Nonoperatively managed stage 5 osteochondral talar lesions. Foot Ankle Int 23:651–654

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shepherd DE, Seedhom BB (1999) Thickness of human articular cartilage in joints of the lower limb. Ann Rheum Dis 58:27–34

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sorrento DL, Mlodzienski A (2000) Incidence of lateral talar dome lesions in SER IV ankle fractures. J Foot Ankle Surg 39:354–358

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Speck M (2003) Autologe Knorpel-Knochen-Transplantationen bei osteochondralen Läsionen des Talus. Fuss Sprungg 1:31–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Steadman JR, Rodkey WG, Briggs KK, Rodrigo JJ (1999) Die Technik der Mikrofrakturierung zur Behandlung von kompletten Knorpeldefekten im Kniegelenk. Orthopäde 28:26–32

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stougaard J (1964) Familial Occurrence Of Osteochondritis Dissecans. J Bone Joint Surg Br 46:542–543

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sugimoto K, Takakura Y, Okahashi K, Samoto N, Kawate K, Iwai M (2009) Chondral injuries of the ankle with recurrent lateral instability: an arthroscopic study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 91:99–106

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tachdjian MO (1990) Pediatric Orthopaedics, 2. Aufl. Saunders, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  • Taga I, Shino K, Inoue M, Nakata K, Maeda A (1993) Articular cartilage lesions in ankles with lateral ligament injury. An arthroscopic study. Am J Sports Med 21:120–126; discussion 126–127

    Google Scholar 

  • Takao M, Ochi M, Naito K, Uchio Y, Kono T, Oae K (2003) Arthroscopic drilling for chondral, subchondral, and combined chondral-subchondral lesions of the talar dome. Arthroscopy 19:524–530

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Taranow WS, Bisignani GA, Towers JD, Conti SF (1999) Retrograde drilling of osteochondral lesions of the medial talar dome. Foot Ankle Int 20:474–480

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thermann H, Becher C (2004) Die Technik der Mikrofrakturierung zur Behandlung von osteochondralen und degenerativen chondralen Lasionen am Talus. 2-Jahres-Ergebnisse einer prospektiven Studie. Unfallchirurg 107:27–32

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thermann H, Becher C (2006) Autogenous osteochondral transplantation of the second metatarsal head. Foot Ankle Surg 12:103–107

    Google Scholar 

  • Thermann H, Driessen A, Becher C (2008) Die autologe Knorpelzelltransplantation zur Behandlung von Knorpelläsionen am Talus. Orthopäde 37:232–239

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas RH, Daniels TR (2003) Ankle arthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 85-A:923–936

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson JP, Loomer RL (1984) Osteochondral lesions of the talus in a sports medicine clinic. A new radiographic technique and surgical approach. Am J Sports Med 12:460–463

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tol JL, Struijs PA, Bossuyt PM, Verhagen RA, van Dijk CN (2000) Treatment strategies in osteochondral defects of the talar dome: a systematic review. Foot Ankle Int 21:119–126

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tontz WL Jr, Bugbee WD, Brage ME (2003) Use of allografts in the management of ankle arthritis. Foot Ankle Clin 8:361–373

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Valderrabano V, Leumann A, Rasch H, Egelhof T, Hintermann B, Pagenstert G (2009) Knee-to-ankle mosaicplasty for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the ankle joint. Am J Sports Med 37 (Suppl 1):105–111

    Google Scholar 

  • van Bergen CJ, de Leeuw PA, van Dijk CN (2009) Potential pitfall in the microfracturing technique during the arthroscopic treatment of an osteochondral lesion. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 17:184–187

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van Bergen CJ, Kox LS, Maas M, Sierevelt IN, Kerkhoffs GM, van Dijk CN (2013) Arthroscopic treatment of osteochondral defects of the talus: outcomes at eight to twenty years of follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Am 95:519–25

    Google Scholar 

  • van Dijk CN, Bossuyt PM, Marti RK (1996) Medial ankle pain after lateral ligament rupture. J Bone Joint Surg Br 78:562–567

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • van Dijk CN, Scholten PE, Krips R (2000) A 2-portal endoscopic approach for diagnosis and treatment of posterior ankle pathology. Arthroscopy 16:871–876

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Verhagen RA, Maas M, Dijkgraaf MG, Tol JL, Krips R, van Dijk CN (2005) Prospective study on diagnostic strategies in osteochondral lesions of the talus. Is MRI superior to helical CT? J Bone Joint Surg Br 87:41–46

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Verhagen RA, Struijs PA, Bossuyt PM, van Dijk CN (2003) Systematic review of treatment strategies for osteochondral defects of the talar dome. Foot Ankle Clin 8:233–242, viii–ix

    Google Scholar 

  • Vialle R, Madi F, le Pointe HD, Mary P, Maillet M, Damsin JP (2007) Conservative treatment of subtalar osteochondritis dissecans: a case report. Foot Ankle Int 28:626–629

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vrahas M, Fu F, Veenis B (1994) Intraarticular contact stresses with simulated ankle malunions. J Orthop Trauma 8:159–166

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wagoner G, Cohn B (1931) Osteochondritis dissecans: A resume of the theories and the consideration of heredity as an etiologic factor. Arch Surg 23:1–24

    Google Scholar 

  • Waitz M, Bade H, Koebke J (2004) Articular cartilage of the trochlea tali and the femoral condyles – properties for mosaic-plastic. Fuß Sprungg 2:96–100

    Google Scholar 

  • Wakitani S, Kawaguchi A, Tokuhara Y, Takaoka K (2008) Present status of and future direction for articular cartilage repair. J Bone Miner Metab 26:115–122

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wallen EA, Fallat LM (1989) Crescentic transmalleolar osteotomy for optimal exposure of the medial talar dome. J Foot Surg 28:389–394

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Werner A, Fuß M, Krauspe R (2003) Operative gelenkerhaltende Verfahren bei Gelenkknorpelschäden. Dtsch Ärztebl 100 A:546–554

    Google Scholar 

  • Whittaker JP, Smith G, Makwana N, Roberts S, Harrison PE, Laing P, Richardson JB (2005) Early results of autologous chondrocyte implantation in the talus. J Bone Joint Surg Br 87:179–183

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wiewiorski M, Leumann A, Buettner O, Pagenstert G, Horisberger M, Valderrabano V (2011) Autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis aided reconstruction of a large focal osteochondral lesion of the talus. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 131:293–296

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wombwell JH, Nunley JA (1987) Compressive fixation of osteochondritis dissecans fragments with Herbert screws. J Orthop Trauma 1:74–77

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshino N, Takai S, Watanabe Y, Kamata K, Hirasawa Y (1998) Delayed aseptic swelling after fixation of talar neck fracture with a biodegradable poly-L-lactide rod: case reports. Foot Ankle Int 19:634–637

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Young MC, Fornasier VL, Cameron HU (1987) Osteochondral disruption of the second metatarsal: a variant of Freiberg’s infraction? Foot Ankle 8:103–109

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zengerink M, Struijs PA, Tol JL, van Dijk CN (2010) Treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus: a systematic review. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 18:238–246

    Google Scholar 

  • Zollinger H, Dexel M (1981) Zur Ätiologie der Osteochondrosis dissecans des Talus. Orthopäde 10:92–94

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zwipp H (1986) Die anterolaterale Rotationsinstabilität des oberen Sprunggelenkes. Hefte Unfallheilkd 177:1–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwipp H (1994) Chirurgie des Fußes. Springer, Wien

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwipp H, Baumgart F, Cronier P, Jorda E, Klaue K, Sands AK, Yung SW (2004) Integral classification of injuries (ICI) to the bones, joints, and ligaments – application to injuries of the foot. Injury 35 (Suppl 2):SB3–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwipp H, Dahlen C, Gavlik JM, Amlang M (1998) Die Metallentfernung im Fußbereich. Grundlagen, Indikation, Technik, Komplikationen. OP-Journal 14:48–53

    Google Scholar 

  • Zwipp H, Oestern HJ (1983) Die Knorpelläsion am oberen Sprunggelenk – eine häufig verkannte Verletzung? Hefte Unfallheilkd 165:241–244

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hans Zwipp .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Zwipp, H., Rammelt, S. (2014). Knorpel: Akute Verletzungen und chronische Schäden. In: Tscherne Unfallchirurgie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68883-9_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68883-9_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-63290-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-68883-9

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics