Zusammenfassung
Das 2. Kapitel behandelt die breite Palette der akuten Weichteilverletzungen sowie chronischen Schäden an Fuß und Sprunggelenk. Einzelne Unterkapitel widmen sich systematisch den Verletzungen von Haut und Anhangsgebilden, Gefäßen, Nerven, Muskeln, Aponeurosen und Sehnen. Für die extrinsischen und intrinsischen Sehnen des Fußes werden Diagnostik und Therapie der akuten Verletzungen und degenerativen Rupturen besprochen.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Literatur
Haut und Anhangsgebilde
Al-Qattan MM (2000) Car-tyre friction injuries of the foot in children. Burns 26:399–408
Baudens J (1850) Ongle incarné (par M. Moulard). Gaz Hôpit 20:306
Bishop SM, Walker M, Rogers AA, Chen WY (2003) Importance of moisture balance at the wound-dressing interface. J Wound Care 12:125–128
Blair JR (1955) Follow-up on cold injury cases from the Korean War. In Ferrer MI (Hrsg) Fourth Conference on Cold Injury, 9. Joshia Macy, New York
Blechschmidt E (1934) Die Architectur des Fersenpolsters. Morphol Jahrb 9:20–68
Bojsen-Møller F, Jørgensen U (1991) The plantar soft tissues: functional anatomy and clinical applications. In: Jahss (Hrsg) Disorders of the foot and ankle, Bd I. Saunders, Philadelphia, S 532–540
Bojsen-Møller F (1982) Normale und pathologische des Vorfußes. Orthopäde 11:148–153
Bos AM, van Tilburg MW, van Sorge AA, Klinkenbijl JH (2007) Randomized clinical trial of surgical technique and local antibiotics for ingrowing toenail. Br J Surg 94:292–296
Boswick JA, Thompson JD, Jonas RA (1979) The epidemiology of cold injuries. Surg Gynecol Obstet 149:326–332
Brinker MR, Bailey DE Jr (1997) Fracture healing in tibia fractures with an associated vascular injury. J Trauma 42:11–19
Brodal A (1981) Neurological anatomy in relation to clinical medicine. Oxford University Press, New York
Bruen KJ, Ballard JR, Morris SE, Cochran A, Edelman LS, Saffle JR (2007) Reduction of the incidence of amputation in frostbite injury with thrombolytic therapy. Arch Surg 142:546–551 (discussion 551–543)
Bucher O (1973) Zytologie, Histologie und mikroskopische Anatomie des Menschen, 8. Aufl. Huber, Bern
Daniel RK, Hall EJ, MacLeod MK (1979) Pressure sores-a reappraisal. Ann Plast Surg 3:53–63
Dockery GL, Crawford ME (1999) Color atlas of foot and ankle dermatology. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia
Dürr HR, Stabler A, Muller PE, Refior HJ (2001) Thorn-induced pseudotumor of the metatarsal. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 83-A:580–585
Eidelman M, Bialik V, Miller Y, Kassis I (2003) Plantar puncture wounds in children: analysis of 80 hospitalized patients and late sequelae. Isr Med Assoc J 5:268–271
Emmert C (1869) Zur Operation des eingewachsenen Nagels. Arch Klin Chir 11:266–277
Fitzgerald RH Jr, Cowan JD (1975) Puncture wounds of the foot. Orthop Clin North Am 6:965–972
Gabriel SS, Dallos V, Stevenson DL (1979) The ingrowing toenail: a modified segmental matrix excision operation. Br J Surg 66:285–286
Garfin SR, Castilonia RR, Mubarak SJ, Hargens AR, Akeson WH, Russell FE (1979) Role of surgical decompression in treatment of rattlesnake bites. Surg Forum 30:502–4
Gazdag AR, Cracchiolo A 3rd (1997) Rupture of the posterior tibial tendon. Evaluation of injury of the spring ligament and clinical assessment of tendon transfer and ligament repair. J Bone Joint Surg Am 79:675–681
Giordano CP, Koval KJ, Zuckerman JD, Desai P (1994) Fracture blisters. Clin Orthop Relat Res 307:214–221
Grill CJ, Haslik W, Rab M, Koller R (2008) Thermische Verletzungen im Fußbereich. Fuß Sprungg 6:95–98
Groechenig E (1994) Treatment of frostbite with iloprost. Lancet 344:1152–1153
Grube BJ, Engrav LH, Heimbach DM (1992) Early ambulation and discharge in 100 patients with burns of the foot treated by grafts. J Trauma 33:662–664
Haasch K (1964) Verbrennungen unter dem Gipsverband. Hefte Unfallheilk 78:264–265
Halanski MA, Halanski AD, Oza A, Vanderby R, Munoz A, Noonan KJ (2007) Thermal injury with contemporary cast-application techniques and methods to circumvent morbidity. J Bone Joint Surg Am 89:2369–2377
Hierner R, Berger A (2003) Prinzipien der Defektdeckung. In: Nerlich M, Berger A (Hrsg) Tscherne Unfallchirurgie: Weichteilverletzungen und Infektionen Springer, Berlin, S 123–181
Hirsch T, Jacobsen F, Ritig A, Goertz O, Niederbichler A, Steinau HU, Seipp HM, Steinstraesser L (2009) Vergleichende in vitro-Studie zur Zytotoxizität klinisch eingesetzter Antiseptika. Hautarzt 60:984–991
Hödl S (2005) Zur Therapie der Erfrierungen. Wien Med Wochenschr 155:199–203
Högele AM, Neu J (2011) Wundverschluss nach Wundspülung mit Octenisept® ohne Abflussmöglichkeit. Unfallchirurg 114:70–72
Inaba AS, Zukin DD, Perro M (1992) An update on the evaluation and management of plantar puncture wounds and pseudomonas osteomyelitis. Pediatr Emerg Care 8:38–44
Jöckel JA, Bischoff M, Gebhard F (2009) Wundauflagen und temporäre Weichteildeckung bei der Versorgung akuter und chronischer Wunden. OP-Journal 25:182–193
Kallenberger A (1979) Experimentelle Untersuchung zur Gewebeverträglichkeit von Desinfektionslösungen. In: Burri C, Rüter A (Hrsg) Lokalbehandlung chirurgischer Infektionen. Huber, Bern, S 87–96
Kaplan SS (1981) Burns following application of plaster splint dressings. Report of two cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am 63:670–672
Karrer S (2007) Chronische Wunden richtig versorgen. CME Springer 5:58–67
Kramer A, Daeschlein G, Kammerlander G et al. (2004) Konsensusempfehlung Wundantiseptik, Konsensusempfehlung zur Auswahl von Wirkstoffen für die Antiseptik. Z Wundheilung 9:110–120
Kucan JO, Bash D (1992) Reconstruction of the burned foot. Clin Plast Surg 19:705–19.
Lechner G, Millesi H (1969) Wiederherstellungschirurgie nach Stromverbrennungen. Verbrennungskrankheit: Fortschritte in Klinik und Forschung. Stuttgart, New York, Schattauer
Lund CC, Browder NC (1944) The estimation of areas of burns. Surg Gynecol Obstet 79:352–358
Lusskin R, Battista A, Lenzo S, Price A (1986) Surgical management of late post-traumatic and ischemic neuropathies involving the lower extremities: classification and results of therapy. Foot Ankle 7:95–104
Manoli A 2nd, Smith DG, Hansen ST Jr (1993) Scarred muscle excision for the treatment of established ischemic contracture of the lower extremity. Clin Orthop Relat Res 292:309–314
Masquelet AC, Gilbert A (1998) Atlas der Lappenplastiken in der Chirurgie der Extremitäten. Enke, Stuttgart
Memmel H, Kowal-Vern A, Latenser BA (2004) Infections in diabetic burn patients. Diabetes Care 27:229–233
Mittlmeier T, Rotter R (2008) Wunden, Weichteilverletzungen und Weichteilschäden. In: Wirth CJ, Mutschler W (Hrsg) Praxis der Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie. Thieme, Stuttgart, S 280–298
Moghtader JC, Himel HN, Demun EM, Bellian KT, Edlich RF (1993) Electrical burn injuries of workers using portable aluminium ladders near overhead power lines. Burns 19:441–443
Murphy JV, Banwell PE, Roberts AH, McGrouther DA (2000) Frostbite: pathogenesis and treatment. J Trauma 48:171–178
Murray WR, Bedi BS (1975) The surgical management of ingrowing toenail. Br J Surg 62:409–412
Nishimoto S, Matsushita T, Matsumolo K, Adachi S (1996) A rare case of burn scar malignancy. Burns 22:497–499
Orr KD, Fainer DC (1952) Cold injuries in Korea during winter of 1950–51. Medicine (Baltimore) 31:177–220
Perry J (1983) Anatomy and biomechanics of the hindfoot. Clin Orthop Relat Res 177:9–15
Pinzur MS, Weaver FM (1997) Is urban frostbite a psychiatric disorder? Orthopedics 20:43–45
Quenú M (1887) Applications au traitement de l’ongle incarné. Bull Soc Chirurg Paris 13:252–255
Rammelt S, Grass R, Zwipp H (2003) Zur Behandlung des eingewachsenen Zehennagels. Was ist eine „Emmert-Plastik“? Chirurg 74:239–243
Rounding C, Bloomfield S (2005) Surgical treatments for ingrowing toenails. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2:1–17 (CD001541)
Salecker J (1943) Die fibrilläre Architektur der menschlichen Epidermis. Morph Jahrb 88:25–248
Saye DE (1994a) The foot: corns, calluses, ingrown nails and diabetic ulcers. Ostomy Wound Manage 40:16–19, 22–27
Saye DE (1994b) The foot: ulcer and toenail debridement and pressure relief padding. Ostomy Wound Manage 40:14–18, 20–22, 24–25
Sharpe KR, Lamb G, Bass A, Bruce CE (2003) Prophylactic surgical debridement of foot punctures in 146 children. A year’s practice with a review of the literature. Foot Ankle Surg 9:123–127
Shuler FD, Grisafi FN (2008) Cast-saw burns: evaluation of skin, cast, and blade temperatures generated during cast removal. J Bone Joint Surg Am 90:2626–2630
Strauss EJ, Petrucelli G, Bong M, Koval KJ, Egol KA (2006) Bilsters associated with lower-extremity fracture: results of a prospective treatment protocol. J Orthop Trauma 20:618–622
Trentz O, Ertl W (1995) Pathophysiologie des Traumas. In: Rüter A, Trentz O, Wagner M (Hrsg.): Unfallchirurgie, München, Urban & Schwarzenberg, pp. 5–21
Twomey JA, Peltier GL, Zera RT (2005) An open-label study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tissue plasminogen activator in treatment of severe frostbite. J Trauma 59:1350–1354 (discussion 1354–1355)
Wrenn K (1991) Immersion foot: a problem of the homeless in the 1990s. Arch Intern Med 151:785–788
Gefäße
Aiyer S, Thakkar CJ, Samant PD, Verlekar S, Nirawane R (2005) Pseudoaneurysm of the posterior tibial artery following a closed fracture of the calcaneus. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 87:2308–2312
Birch R (2008) Iatrogenic lesions of nerves and arteries in the leg and foot. Foot Ankle Surg 14:130–137
Brinker MR, Bailey DE Jr (1997) Fracture healing in tibia fractures with an associated vascular injury. J Trauma Inj Infect Crit Care 42:11
Dhawan A, Doukas WC (2003) Acute compartment syndrome of the foot following an inversion injury of the ankle with disruption of the anterior tibial artery. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 85:528–532
Gissane W (1957) A dangerous type of fracture of the foot. J Bone Joint Surg Br 33:535–538
Haber LL, Thompson G, DiDomenico L, Groner T, Glaser J (2008) Pseudoaneurysm of the perforating peroneal artery after subtalar joint injury: a case report. Foot Ankle Int 29:627–629
Jang EC, Kwak BK, Song KS, Jung HJ, Lee JS, Yang JJ (2008) Pseudoaneurysm of the anterior tibial artery after ankle arthroscopy treated with ultrasound-guided compression therapy. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 90:2235–2239
Kashir A, Kiely P, Dar W, D’Souza L (2010) Pseudoaneurysm of the dorsalis pedis artery after ankle arthroscopy. Foot Ankle Surg 16:151–152
Lanz T von, Wachsmuth W (1972) Praktische Anatomie, Bd 1, Teil 4, Bein und Statik. VI: Pes, der Fuß. Springer, Berlin
Lippert H (1984) Variabilität der Hand- und Fußarterien. Handchirurgie 16:254–258
Mallik AR, Chase MD, Lee PC, Whitelaw GP (1993) Calcaneal fracture-dislocation with entrapment of the medial neurovascular bundle: a case report. Foot Ankle 14:411–413
Martin LC, McKenney MG, Sosa JL, Ginzburg E, Puente I, Sleeman D, Zeppa R (1994) Management of lower extremity arterial trauma. J Trauma 37:591–598
Rians CB, Bishop AF, Montgomery CE, Cahill BR (1990) False aneurysm of the perforating peroneal artery: a complication of lateral ankle sprain. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 72:773–775
Shah DM, Corson JD, Karmody AM, Fortune JB, Leather RP(1988) Optimal management of tibial arterial trauma. J Trauma 28:228–234
Walterbusch G, Fromke J, Sydow M (2003) A simple method to reduce ischemic time of the spinal cord in extensive thoracoabdominal aneurysm operations. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 51:46–48
Weaver FA, Hood D, Yellin AE (2000) Vascular injuries of the extremities. In: Rutherford vascular surgery, Bd 1. Saunders, Philadelphia, S 862–871
Yamaguchi S, Mii S, Yonemitsu Y, Orita H, Sakata H (2002) A traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the dorsalis pedis artery: report of a case. Surg Today 32:756–757
Nerven
Åkermark C, Crone H, Saartok T, Zuber Z (2008) Plantar versus dorsal incision in the treatment of primary intermetatarsal Morton’s neuroma. Foot Ankle Int 29:136–141
Åkermark C, Saartok T, Zuber Z (2008) A prospective 2-year follow-up study of plantar incisions in the treatment of primary intermetatarsal Neuromas (Morton’s neuroma). Foot Ankle Surg 14:67–73
Alexander IJ (1991) Der Fuß – Untersuchung und Diagnostik. Springer, Berlin
Alpar EK, Howell N, Masood I (2002) Traumatic tarsal tunnel syndrome: the outcome of surgical decompression. Foot Ankle Surg 8:41–44
Amlang M, Rosenow M, Rammelt S, Heineck J, Zwipp H (2008) Der Flexor-hallucis-longus-Transfer zum Ersatz der Achillessehne. Unfallchirurg 111:499–506
Antoniadis G, Scheglmann K (2009) Hinteres Tarsaltunnelsyndrom. Dtsch Ärztebl 105:776–781
Arenson DJ, Cosentino GL, Suran SM (1980) The inferior calcaneal nerve: an anatomic study. J Am Podiat Assoc 70:552–560
Balcin H, Erba P, Wettstein R, Schaefer DJ, Pierer G, Kalbermatten DF (2009) A comparative study of two methods of surgical treatment for painful neuroma. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 91:803–808
Baxter DE, Pfeffer GB (1992) Treatment of chronic heel pain by surgical release of the first branch of the lateral plantar nerve. Clin Orthop Relat Res 279:229–236
Bardelli M, Gusso MI, Giorgetti A (1990) Le sindromi canalicolari alla caviglia ed al piede. Aulo Gaggi Ed, Bologna
Biasca N, Zanetti M, Zollinger H (1999) Outcomes after partial neurectomy of Morton’s neuroma related to preoperative case histories, clinical findings, and findings on magnetic resonance imaging scans. Foot Ankle Int 20:568–575
Birch R, Achan P (2000) Peripheral nerve repairs and their results in children. Hand Clin 16:579–595
Birch R (2008) Iatrogenic lesions of nerves and arteries in the leg and foot. Foot Ankle Surg 14:130–137
Blair JM, Botte MJ (1994) Surgical anatomy of the superficial peroneal nerve in the ankle and foot. Clin Orthop Relat Res 305: 229–238
Braun CH, Mutschler W (1999) Verletzung peripherer Nerven. In: Mutschler W, Haas N (Hrsg) Praxis der Unfallchirurgie. Thieme, Stuttgart, S 797–813
Civinini F (1835) Su d’un nervoso gangliare rigonfiamiento alla pianta del piede. Lettera anatomica. Mem Chir Archiepedale Pistoia, Tip. Bracali
Dellon AL, MacKinnon SE (1984) Tibial nerve branching in the tarsal tunnel. Arch Neurol 41:645–646
Dellon AL (2008) The four medial ankle tunnels: a critical review of perceptions of tarsal tunnel syndrome and neuropathy. Neurosurg Clin N Am 19:629–648, vii
Dellon AL, Aszmann OC (1998) Treatment of superficial and deep peroneal neuromas by resection and translocation of the nerves into the anterolateral compartment. Foot Ankle Int. 19:300–303
Didia BC, Horsefall AU (1990) Medial calcaneal nerve: an anatomic study. J Am Podiat Assoc 80:115–119
Diebold PF, Daum B, Dang-Vu V, Litchinko M (1996) True epineural neurolysis in Morton’s neuroma: a 5-year follow up. Orthopedics 19:397–400
Durlacher L (1845) A treatise on corns, bunions, the diseases of nail and the general management of the feet. Simkin, Marshall, London, S 52
Ebenbichler GR, Resch KL, Nicolakis P, Wiesinger GF, Uhl F, Ghanem AH, Fialka V (1998) Ultrasound treatment for treating the carpal tunnel syndrome: randomised „sham“ controlled trial. BMJ 316:731–735
Fuhrmann RA, Fröber R (2010) Neurolyse des Nervus plantaris lateralis zur Behandlung des Nervenengpasssyndroms am Rückfuß. Operat Orthop Traumatol 22:335–343
Galardi G, Amadio S, Maderna L, Meraviglia MV, Brunati L, Dal Conte G, Comi G (1994) Electrophysiologic studies in tarsal tunnel syndrome. Diagnostic reliability of motor distal latency, mixed nerve and sensory nerve conduction studies. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 73:193–198
Gauthier G (1979) Thomas Morton’s disease: a nerve entrapment syndrome. A new surgical technique. Clin Orthop Relat Res 142:90–92
Gessini L, Jandolo B, Pietrangeli A (1984) The anterior tarsal syndrome. Report of four cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am 66:786–787
Glazebrook MA, Paletz JL (2006) Treatment of posttraumatic injuries to the nerves in the foot and ankle. Foot Ankle Clin 11:183–190
Goecker RM, Banks AS (2000) Analysis of release of the first branch of the lateral plantar nerve. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 90:281–286
Goldner JL, Poletti SC, Gates HS 3rd, Richardson WJ (1995) Severe open subtalar dislocations. Long-term results. J Bone Joint Surg Am 77:1075–1079
Gould JS, Naranje SM, McGwin G Jr, Florence M, Cheppalli S (2013) Use of collagen conduits in management of painful neuromas of the foot and ankle. Foot Ankle Int 34:932–40
Govsa F, Bilge O, Ozer A (2006) Variations in the origin of the medial and inferior calcaneal neves. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 126:6–14
Graham CE, Graham DM (1984) Morton’s neuroma: a microscopic evaluation. Foot Ankle 5:150–153
Ha‘Eri GB, Fornasier VL, Schatzker J (1979) Morton‘s neuroma – pathogenesis and ultrastructure. Clin Orthop Relat Res 141:256–9
Hattrup SJ, Wood MB (1986) Delayed neural reconstruction in the lower extremity: results of interfascicular nerve grafting. Foot Ankle 7:105–109
Havel PE, Ebraheim NE, Clark SE, Jackson T, DiDio L (1988) Tibial nerve branching in the tarsal tunnel. Foot Ankle 9:117–119
Jerosch J (2003) Verletzung des N. tibialis bei einer Achillessehnennaht – eine bisher nicht beschriebene Komplikation. Fuß Sprungg 3:232–235
Kanaya F, Ogden L, Breidenbach WC, Tsai TM, Scheker L (1991) Sensory and motor fiber differentiation with Karnovsky staining. J Hand Surg 16A:851–858
Kim J, Dellon AL. (2001) Neuromas of the calcaneal nerves.Foot Ankle Int 22:890–894
Kinoshita M, Okuda R, Morikawa J, Jotoku T, Abe M (2001) The dorsiflexion-eversion test for diagnosis of tarsal tunnel syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am 83-A:1835–1839
Kopell HP, Thompson WA (1960) Peripheral entrapment neuropathies of the lower extremity. N Engl J Med 262:56–60
Krause KH, Witt T, Ross A (1977) The anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome. J Neurol 217: 67–74
Kuhn H, Gerdes-Kuhn R, Küster HH (2003) Zur Historie der Civinini-Durlacher-Neuropathie, genannt Morton-Metatarsalgie. Fuß Sprungg 1:269–272
Krishnan KG, Pinzer T, Schackert G (2005) Coverage of painful peripheral nerve neuromas with vascularized soft tissue: method and results. Neurosurgery 56(Suppl 2):369–378
Krishnan KG, Pinzer T, Schackert G (2006) A novel endoscopic technique in treating single nerve entrapment syndromes with special attention to ulnar nerve transposition and tarsal tunnel release: clinical application. Neurosurgery 59:ONS89–100 (discussion ONS89–100)
Krishnan KG (2008) An illustrated handbook of flap raising techniques. Thieme, Stuttgart
Labib SA, Gould JS, Rodriguez-del-Rio FA, Lyman S (2002) Heel pain triad (HPT): the combination of plantar fasciitis, posterior tibial tendon dysfunction and tarsal tunnel syndrome. Foot Ankle Int 23:212–220
Lau JT, Daniels TR (1999) Tarsal tunnel syndrome: a review of the literature. Foot Ankle Int 20:201–209
Louisia S, Masquelet AC (1999) The medial and inferior calcaneal nerves: an anatomic study. Surg Radiol Anat 21:169–173
Lusskin R, Battista A, Lenzo S, Price A (1986) Surgical management of late post-traumatic and ischemic neuropathies involving the lower extremities: classification and results of therapy. Foot Ankle 7:95–104
Malavolta M, Malavolta L (2007) Operative Dekompression des Nervus peroneus superficialis. Oper Orthop Traumatol 19:502–510
Manasseh N, Cherian VM, Abel L (2009) Malunited calcanenal fracture fragments causing tarsal tunnel syndrome: a rare cause. Foot Ankle Surg 15:207–209
Markovic M, Crichton K, Read JW, Lam P, Slater HK (2008) Effectiveness of ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injection in the treatment of Morton’s neuroma. Foot Ankle Int 29:483–487
McGarvey WC, Trevino SG, Baxter DE, Noble PC, Schon LC (1998) Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis: anatomic and technical considerations. Foot Ankle Int 19:363–369
Meek MF, Nicolai JP, Robinson PH (2006) Secondary digital nerve repair in the foot with resorbable p(DLLA-epsilon-CL) nerve conduits. J Reconstr Microsurg 22:149–151
Millesi H (1992) Chirurgie der peripheren Nerven. Urban & Schwarzenberg, München
Morton TSK (1893) Metatarsalgia (Morton’s painful affection of the foot) with an account of six cases cured by operation. Ann Surg 17:680
Mourad PD, Lazar DA, Curra FP, Mohr BC, Andrus KC, Avellino AM, McNutt LD, Crum LA, Kliot M (2001) Ultrasound accelerates functional recovery after peripheral nerve damage. Neurosurgery 48:1136–1140
Mullick T, Dellon AL (2008) Results of decompression of four medial ankle tunnels in the treatment of tarsal tunnels syndrome. J Reconstr Microsurg 24:119–126
Myerson MS, Berger BI (1995) Nonunion of a fracture of the sustentaculum tali causing a tarsal tunnel syndrome: a case report. Foot Ankle Int 16:740–742
Nunley JA, Gabel GT (1993) Tibial nerve grafting for restoration of plantar sensation. Foot Ankle. 14:489–92
Okafor B, Shergill G, Angel J (1997) Treatment of Morton’s neuroma by neurolysis. Foot Ankle Int 18:284–287
Park TA, Del Toro DR (1996) Isolated inferior calcaneal neuropathy. Muscle Nerve 19:106–108
Pecina MM, Krmpotic-Nemanic J, Markiewitz AD (2001) Tunnel syndromes – peripheral nerve compression syndromes. CRC Press, Boca Raton, S 267–274
Pisani G (1998) Fußchirurgie. Thieme, Stuttgart
Pollock L, Davis L (1932) Peripheral nerve injuries. Am J Surg 18:361
Roegholt MN (1940) Een nervus calcaneus inferior als overbrenger van de pijn bij calcaneodynie of calcaneusspor en de daaruit volgende therapie. Ned Tijdschr v Geneskd 84:1898–1902
Sammarco GJ, Chang L (2003) Outcome of surgical treatment of tarsal tunnel syndrome. Foot Ankle Int 24:125–131
Santi MD, Botte MJ (1996) Nerve injury and repair in the foot and ankle. Foot Ankle Int 17:425–439
Seddon HJ (1943) Three types of nerve injury. Brain 66:237
Seddon HJ (1975) Surgical disorders of peripheral nerves, 2. Aufl. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh
Sedel L (1987) Surgical management of lower extremity nerve lesions (clinical evaluation, surgical technique, results). In: Terzis JD (Hrsg) Microreconstruction of nerve injuries. Saunders, Philadelphia, S 239–251
Sharp RJ, Wade CM, Hennessy MS, Saxby TS (2003) The role of MRI and ultrasound imaging in Morton’s neuroma and the effect of size of lesion on symptoms. J Bone Joint Surg Br 85:999–1005
Skalley TC, Schon LC, Hinton RY, Myerson MS (1994) Clinical results following revision tibial nerve release. Foot Ankle Int 15:360–367
Su E, Di Carlo E, O’Malley M, Bohne WH, Deland JT, Kennedy JG (2006) The frequency of digital artery resection in Morton interdigital neurectomy. Foot Ankle Int 27:801–803
Sunderland S (1951) A classification of peripheral nerve injuries producing loss of function. Brain 74:491–516
Terzis J, Faibisoff B, Williams B (1975) The nerve gap: suture under tension vs. graft. Plast Reconstr Surg 56:166–170
Thordarson DB, Shean CJ (2005) Nerve and tendon lacerations about the foot and ankle. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 13:186–196
Villas C, Florez B, Alfonso M (2008) Neurectomy versus neurolysis for Morton’s neuroma. Foot Ankle Int 29:578–580
Williams HB (1996) The value of continuous electrical muscle stimulation using a completely implantable system in the preservation of muscle function following motor nerve injury and repair: an experimental study. Microsurgery 17:589–596
Williams HB (1996) A clinical pilot study to assess functional return following continuous muscle stimulation after nerve injury and repair in the upper extremity using a completely implantable electrical system. Microsurgery 17:597–605
Womack JW, Richardson DR, Murphy GA, Richardson EG, Ishikawa SN (2008) Long-term evaluation of interdigital neuroma treated by surgical excision. Foot Ankle Int 29:574–577
Muskeln, Faszien und Aponeurosen
Amlang MH, Zwipp H (1995) Möglichkeiten der Sonographie bei der Diagnostik von Erkrankungen und Verletzungen des Fußes. Ultraschall 16:64
Baxter DE, Pfeffer GB (1992) Treatment of chronic heel pain by surgical release of the first branch of the lateral plantar nerve. Clin Orthop Relat Res 279:229–236
Best A, Giza E, Linklater J, Sullivan M (2005) Posterior impingement of the ankle caused by anomalous muscles. A report of four cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am 87:2075–2079
Blacklidge DK, Kurek JB, Soto AD, Kissel CG (1996) Acute exertional compartment syndrome of the medial foot. J Foot Ankle Surg 35:19–22
Boyle RA, Slater GL (2003) Endoscopic plantar fascia release: a case series. Foot Ankle Int 24:176–179
Buchbinder R (2004) Clinical practice. Plantar fasciitis. N Engl J Med 350:2159–2166
Chilvers M, Rocco JJ, Manoli A (2007) Gastrocnemius recession for chronic plantar fasciitis. American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society 23rd Annual Summer Meeting, July 13–15, 2007, Toronto
Davis TJ, Schon LC (1995) Branches of the tibial nerve: anatomic variations. Foot Ankle Int 16:21–29
DiGiovanni BF, Nawoczenski DA, Lintal ME, Moore EA, Murray JC, Wilding GE, Baumhauer JF (2003) Tissue-specific plantar fascia-stretching exercise enhances outcomes in patients with chronic heel pain. A prospective, randomized study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 85-A:1270–1277
Ford LA, Collins KB, Christensen JC (1998) Stabilization of the subluxed second metatarsophalangeal joint: flexor tendon transfer versus primary repair of the plantar plate. J Foot Ankle Surg 37:217–222
Forman WM, Green MA (1990) The role of intrinsic musculature in the formation of inferior calcaneal exostoses. Clin Podiatr Med Surg 7:217–223
Freedman BJ (1953) Dr. Edward Wilson of the Antarctic. Proc Roy Soc Med 47:183–189
Froimson AI (1969) Tennis leg. JAMA 209:415–416
Garrett SL (2004) Endoscopic plantar fasciotomy. In: Guhl JF, Boynton MD, Parisien JS (eds): Foot & Ankle Arthoscopy, 3rd Ed., New York, Springer, pp. 235–239
Gill LH, Kiebzak GM (1996) Outcome of nonsurgical treatment for plantar fasciitis. Foot Ankle Int 17:527–532
Gormley J, Kuwada GT (1992) Retrospective analysis of calcaneal spur removal and complete fascial release for the treatment of chronic heel pain. J Foot Surg 31:166–169
Hamilton WG, Bauman JH (2007) Foot and ankle injuries in dancers. In Coughlin MJ, Mann RA, Saltzman CL (Hrsg) Surgery of the foot and ankle. Mosby Elsevier, Philadelphia, S 1603–1640
Handler EG (1990) Superficial compartment syndrome of the foot after infiltration of intravenous fluid. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 71:58–59
Hansen ST (2000) Functional reconstruction of the foot and ankle. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia
Hicks JH (1954) The mechanics of the foot. II. The plantar aponeurosis and the arch. J Anat 88:25–30
Hill CE, Modi CS, Baraza N, Mosleh-Shirazi MS, Dhukaram V (2011) Spontaneous compartment syndrome of the foot. J Bone Joint Surg Br 93:1282–1284
James SL, Bates BT, Osternig LR (1978) Injuries to runners. Am J Sports Med 6:40–50
Jowett A, Birks C, Blackney M (2008) Chronic exertional compartment syndrome in the medial compartment of the foot. Foot Ankle Int 29:838–841
Kinley S, Frascone S, Calderone D, Wertheimer SJ, Squire MA, Wiseman FA (1993) Endoscopic plantar fasciotomy versus traditional heel spur surgery: a prospective study. J Foot Ankle Surg 32:595–603
Klaue K, Pfändler J, Speck M, Beck M (2005) Tendon transfers. In Wülker N, Cracciolo A, Stephens M (Hrsg) An atlas of foot and ankle surgery. Taylor & Francis, London, S 215–230
Labib SA, Gould JS, Rodriguez-del-Rio FA, Lyman S (2002) Heel pain triad (HPT): the combination of plantar fasciitis, posterior tibial tendon dysfunction and tarsal tunnel syndrome. Foot Ankle Int 23:212–220
Lanz Tv, Wachsmuth W (1972) Praktische Anatomie, Bd 1, Teil 4, Bein und Statik. VI: Pes, der Fuß. Springer, Berlin
Lemont H, Ammirati KM, Usen N (2003) Plantar fasciitis: a degenerative process (fasciosis) without inflammation. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 93:234–237
Lokiec F, Siev-Ner I, Pritsch M (1991) Chronic compartment syndrome of both feet. J Bone Joint Surg Br 73:178–179
Matsen FA 3rd (1980) Compartmental syndromes. Hosp Pract 15:113–117
Matsen FA 3rd, Winquist RA, Krugmire RB Jr (1980) Diagnosis and management of compartmental syndromes. J Bone Joint Surg Am 62:286–291
Murphy GA, Pneumaticos SG, Kamaric E, Noble PC, Trevino SG, Baxter DE (1998) Biomechanical consequences of sequential plantar fascia release. Foot Ankle Int 19:149–152
Neufeld SK, Cerrato R (2008) Plantar fasciitis: evaluation and treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 16:338–346
Ogilvie-Harris DJ, Lobo J (2000) Endoscopic plantar fascia release. Arthroscopy 16:290–298
Palumbo RC, Kodros SA, Baxter DE (1994) Endoscopic plantar fasciotomy: indications, techniques, and complications. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2:317–322
Pedowitz RA, Hargens AR, Mubarak SJ, Gershuni DH (1990) Modified criteria for the objective diagnosis of chronic compartment syndrome of the leg. Am J Sports Med 18:35–40
Peterson L, Renström P (2002) Verletzungen im Sport. Prävention und Behandlung, 3. Aufl. Deutscher Ärzte-Verlag, Köln
Reszel PA, Janes JM, Spittell JA (1963) Ischemic necrosis of the peroneal musculature, a lateral compartment syndrome: report of case. Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin 38:130–136
Rompe JD, Hopf C, Nafe B, Burger R (1996) Low-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy for painful heel: a prospective controlled single-blind study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 115:75–79
Rompe JD, Schoellner C, Nafe B (2002) Evaluation of low-energy extracorporeal shock-wave application for treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 84-A:335–341
Rompe JD, Furia JP, Weil L, Maffulli N (2007) Shock wave therapy for chronic plantar fasciopathy. Br Med Bull 81-82:183–208
Rompe JD, Caccio A, Weil L, Furia JP, Haist J, Reiners V, Schmitz V, Maffulli N (2010) Plantar fascia-specific stretching versus radial shock-wave therapy as initial treatment of plantar fasciopathy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 92:2514–2522
Scher DL, Belmont PJ Jr, Bear R, Mountcastle SB, Orr JD, Owens BD (2009) The incidence of plantar fasciitis in the United States military. J Bone Joint Surg Am 91:2867–2872
Schröder JM (1995) Pathologie der Skelettmuskulatur. In: Remmele W, Pfeiffer J, Schröder JM (Hrsg) Pathologie Bd 6: Neuropathologie, Muskulatur, Sinnesorgane. Springer, Berlin, S 405–469
Shmokler RL, Bravo AA, Lynch FR, Newman LM (1988) A new use of instrumentation in fluoroscopy controlled heel spur surgery. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 78:194–197
Stiegler H, Brandl R, Krettek C (2009) Das chronische rezidivierende Kompartmentsyndrom. Unfallchirurg 112:373–380
Tegtbur U, Busse MW, Kubis HP (2009) Körperliches Training und zelluläre Anpassung des Muskels. Unfallchirurg 112:365–372
Tisdel CL, Harper MC (1996) Chronic plantar heel pain: treatment with a short leg walking cast. Foot Ankle Int 17:41–42
Watson TS, Anderson RB, Davis WH, Kiebzak GM (2002) Distal tarsal tunnel release with partial plantar fasciotomy for chronic heel pain: an outcome analysis. Foot Ankle Int 23:530–537
Weil LS (1994) The rape of the plantar fascia. Biomechanics 1:37
Williams PL, Smibert JG, Cox R, Mitchell R, Klenerman L (1987) Imaging study of the painful heel syndrome. Foot Ankle 7:345–349
Sehnen Allgemeiner Teil und Achillessehne
Abraham E, Pankovich AM (1975) Neglected rupture of the Achilles tendon. Treatment by V-Y tendinous flap. J Bone Joint Surg Am 57:253–255
Amlang MH, Christiani P, Heinz P, Zwipp H (2005) Die perkutane Achillessehnennaht mit dem Dresdner Instrument. Technik und Ergebnisse. Unfallchirurg 108:529–536
Amlang MH, Rammelt S, Zwipp H (2007) Plantar approach to Henry’s knot for FHL-transfer to replace a dysfunctional Achilles tendon. Proceedings of the 23rd AOFAS Summer Meeting, Toronto, Canada, July 12–15, 2007, S 170
Amlang MH, Rammelt S, Haupt C, Friedrich A, Zwipp H (2009) Klinische und sonografische Kriterien für eine differenzierteTherapiewahl bei der Achillessehnenruptur. Fuß Sprungg 7:230–241
Amlang MH, Rosenow M, Rammelt S, Heineck J, Zwipp H (2008) Der Flexor-hallucis-longus-Transfer zum Ersatz der Achillessehne: Indikation, Technik und Ergebnisse. Unfallchirurg 111:499–506
Amlang MH, Zwipp H (1998) Die konservativ-funktionelle Behandlung der Achillessehnenruptur. Unfallchirurgische Tagung in Mainz. St. Augustin, Hauptverband der gewerblichen Berufsgenossenschaften, S 219–231
Amlang MH, Zwipp H (2006) Verletzung großer Sehnen: Achilles-, Patellar- und Quadrizepssehne. Chirurg 77:637–649
Anzel SH, Covey KW, Weiner AD, Lipscomb PR (1959) Disruption of muscles and tendons; an analysis of 1, 014 cases. Surgery 45:406–414
Arndt A, Bruggemann GP, Koebke J, Segesser B (1999) Asymmetrical loading of the human triceps surae: I. Mediolateral force differences in the Achilles tendon. Foot Ankle Int 20:444–449
Arndt KH (1976) Achillessehnenreruptur. Zentralbl Chir 101:360–364
Arner O, Lindholm A (1959) Subcutaneous rupture of the Achilles tendon; a study of 92 cases. Acta Chir Scand Suppl 116:1–51
Arner O, Lindholm A, Orell SR (1959) Histologic changes in subcutaneous rupture of the Achilles tendon; a study of 74 cases. Acta Chir Scand 116:484–490
Assal M, Jung M, Stern R, Rippstein P, Delmi M, Hoffmeyer P (2002) Limited open repair of Achilles tendon ruptures: a technique with a new instrument and findings of a prospective multicenter study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 84-A:161–170
Astrom M, Rausing A (1995) Chronic Achilles tendinopathy. A survey of surgical and histopathologic findings. Clin Orthop Relat Res 316:151–164
Banta JV, Sutherland DH, Wyatt M (1981) Anterior tibial transfer to the os calcis with Achilles tenodesis for calcaneal deformity in myelomeningocele. J Pediatr Orthop 1:125–130
Beck E, Breitfellner G (1983) Vergleichende histologische Untersuchungen bei Achillessehnenruptur. In Caphcal G (Hrsg) Sportverletzugen und Sportschäden. Thieme, Stuttgart, S 72–73
Beskin JL, Sanders RA, Hunter SC, Hughston JC (1987) Surgical repair of Achilles tendon ruptures. Am J Sports Med 15:1–8
Bhandari M, Guyatt GH, Siddiqui F, Morrow F, Busse J, Leighton RK, Sprague S, Schemitsch EH (2002) Treatment of acute Achilles tendon ruptures: a systematic overview and metaanalysis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 400:190–200
Biehl WC 3rd, Morgan JM, Wagner FW Jr, Gabriel R (1993) Neuropathic calcaneal tuberosity avulsion fractures. Clin Orthop Relat Res 296:8–13
Blauth W (1990) Die Peroneus-brevis-Plastik bei großen Achillessehnendefekten. Oper Orthop Traumatol 2:14–21
Böhler L (1957) Die Technik der Knochenbruchbehandlung, 12./13. Aufl. Maudrich, Wien
Bolt P, Clerk AN, Luu HH, Kang Q, Kummer JL, Deng ZL, Olson K, Primus F, Montag AG, He TC, Haydon RC, Toolan BC (2007) BMP-14 gene therapy increases tendon tensile strength in a rat model of Achilles tendon injury. J Bone Joint Surg Am 89:1315–1320
Boorboor P, Lahoda LU, Spies M, Kuether G, Waehling K, Vogt PM (2006) Resektion der infizierten Achillessehne. Ergebnisse nach plastischer Defektdeckung ohne Achillessehnenersatz. Chirurg 77:1144–1151
Bradley JP, Tibone JE (1990) Percutaneous and open surgical repairs of Achilles tendon ruptures. A comparative study. Am J Sports Med 18:188–195
Bruns J, Kampen J, Kahrs J, Plitz W (2000) Achilles tendon rupture: experimental results on spontaneous repair in a sheep-model. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 8:364–369
Buchgraber A, Pässler HH (1997) Percutaneous repair of Achilles tendon rupture. Immobilization versus functional postoperative treatment. Clin Orthop Relat Res 341:113–122
Bugg EI Jr, Boyd BM (1968) Repair of neglected rupture or laceration of the Achilles tendon. Clin Orthop Relat Res 56: 73–75
Cao Y, Liu Y, Liu W, Shan Q, Buonocore SD, Cui L (2002) Bridging tendon defects using autologous tenocyte engineered tendon in a hen model. Plast Reconstr Surg 110:1280–1289
Carden DG, Noble J, Chalmers J, Lunn P, Ellis J (1987) Rupture of the calcaneal tendon. The early and late management. J Bone Joint Surg Br 69:416–420
Carmont MR, Highland AM, Rochester JR, Paling EM (2011) An anatomical and radiological study of the fascia cruris and paratenon of the Achilles tendon. Foot Ankle Surg 17:186–192
Carr AJ, Norris SH (1989) The blood supply of the calcaneal tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Br 71:100–101
Cetti R, Christensen SE, Ejsted R, Jensen NM, Jorgensen U (1993) Operative versus nonoperative treatment of Achilles tendon rupture. A prospective randomized study and review of the literature. Am J Sports Med 21:791–799
Chao W, Deland JT, Bates JE, Kenneally SM (1997) Achilles tendon insertion: an in vitro anatomic study. Foot Ankle Int 18:81–84
Christensen I (1953) Rupture of the Achilles tendon; analysis of 57 cases. Acta Chir Scand 106:50–60
Costa ML, MacMillan K, Halliday D, Chester R, Shepstone L, Robinson AH, Donell ST (2006) Randomised controlled trials of immediate weight-bearing mobilisation for rupture of the tendo Achillis. J Bone Joint Surg Br 88:69–77
Coull R, Flavin R, Stephens MM (2003) Flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer: evaluation of postoperative morbidity. Foot Ankle Int 24:931–934.
Cummins EJ, Anson BJ, Carr WB (1946) The structure of the calcaneal tendon (of Achilles) in relation to orthopedic surgery, with additional observations on the plantaris muscle. Surg Gynecol Obstet 83:107–16
Fahlstrom M, Jonsson P, Lorentzon R, Alfredson H (2003) Chronic Achilles tendon pain treated with eccentric calf-muscle training. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 11:327–333
FitzGibbons RE, Hefferon J, Hill J (1993) Percutaneous Achilles tendon repair. Am J Sports Med 21:724–727
Floyd DW, Heckman JD, Rockwood CA Jr (1983) Tendon lacerations in the foot. Foot Ankle 4:8–14
Fossgren J (1969) Blutzirkulation in der Achillessehne des Menschen gemessen mit Xenon-13. Acta Rheumatol Scand 15:67–71
Franke K (1980) Traumatologie des Sports. Volk & Gesundheit, Berlin
Gentchos CE, Bohay DR, Anderson JG (2008) Gastrocnemius recession as treatment for refractory achilles tendinopathy: a case report. Foot Ankle Int 29:620–623
Gerd-Witte G, Jäger C, Echtermeyer V (2003) Konservativ-funktionelle Behandlung der frischen Achillessehnenruptur. Trauma Berufskrankh 5:193–197
Gigante A, Moschini A, Verdenelli A, Del Torto M, Ulisse S, de Palma L (2008) Open versus percutaneous repair in the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture: a randomized prospective study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 16:204–209
Glanzmann M, Vereb L, Habegger R (2005) Avulsionsfraktur der Tuberositas calcanei bei Athleten. Unfallchirurg 108:325–326
Goren D, Ayalon M, Nyska M (2005) Isokinetic strength and endurance after percutaneous and open surgical repair of Achilles tendon ruptures. Foot Ankle Int 26:286–290
Graf J, Schneider U, Niethard FU (1990) Die Mikrozirkulation der Achillessehne und die Bedeutung des Paratenons. Eine Untersuchung mit der Plastinationsmethode. Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir 22:163–166
Gudziol V (2000) Ein neuer Muskelkraft-Score zur objektiven Beurteilung des Behandlungsergebnisses nach Achillessehnenruptur. Dissertation, Medizinische Fakultät der TU Dresden
Haglund P (1928) Beitrag zur Klinik der Achillessehne. Z Orthop Chir 49:49–58
Hansen ST (2000) Functional reconstruction of the foot and ankle. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia
Hansen ST (1991) Trauma to the heel cord. In: Jahss MH (Hrsg) Disorders of the foot and ankle. Medical and surgical management. Saunders, Philadelphia, S 2355–2360
Hastad K, Larsson LG, Lindholm A (1959) Clearance of radiosodium after local deposit in the Achilles tendon. Acta Chir Scand 116:251–255
Heger H (1966) Verletzung und Belastung der Achillessehne des Geräteturners. Prax Leibesübung 9:27–29
Heim CH (1978) Die subkutane Achillessehnenruptur. Inauguraldissertation, ETH Zürich
Heim U, Heim C (1977) Die subkutane Achillessehnenruptur. Ergebnisse bei 99 operativ behandelten frischen Verletzungen. Helv Chir Acta 44:581–590
Henríquez H, Muñoz R, Carcuro G, Basías C (2011) Is percutaneous repair better than open repair in acute Achilles tenon ruptures? Clin Orthop Relat Res 470(4):998–1003 (published online March 2, 2011)
Hepp WR, Blauth W (1978) Zur Behandlung von Achillessehnendefekten mit der „Peronaeus-brevis-Plastik“. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 91:195–200
Hohorst (1967) Achillessehnenriss und Unfall. Monatsschr Unfallheilkd Versicher Versorg Verkehrsmed 70:41–44
Holz U (1980) Achillessehnen-Ruptur und Achillodynie. Zur Bedeutung der Gewebsregeneration. Fortschr Med 98:1517–1520
Hüfner TM, Brandes DB, Thermann H, Richter M, Knobloch K, Krettek C (2006) Long-term results after functional nonoperative treatment of achilles tendon rupture. Foot Ankle Int 27:167–171
Inglis AE, Scott WN, Sculco TP, Patterson AH (1976) Ruptures of the tendo achillis. An objective assessment of surgical and non-surgical treatment. J Bone Joint Surg Am 58:990–993
Ishikawa M, Komi PV, Grey MJ, Lepola V, Bruggemann GP (2005) Muscle-tendon interaction and elastic energy usage in human walking. J Appl Physiol. 99:603–8
Jacobs D, Martens M, Van Audekercke R, Mulier JC, Mulier F (1978) Comparison of conservative and operative treatment of Achilles tendon rupture. Am J Sports Med 6:107–111
Jannsen A (1992) Licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Befunde zur Bandheilung des Lig. collaterale mediale des Kaninchens. Dissertation, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
Järvinen TA, Jósza L, Kannus P, Järvinen TL, Kvist M, Leadbetter W (1997) Histopathological findings in chronic tendon disorders. Scand J Med Sci Sports 7:86–95
Järvinen TA, Kannus P (1997) Histopathological findings in spontaneous tendon ruptures. Scand J Med Sci Sports 7:113–118
Järvinen TA, Kannus P, Paavola M, Järvinen TL, Józsa L, Järvinen M (2001) Achilles tendon injuries. Curr Opin Rheumatol 13:150–155
Józsa L, Kannus P (1997) Histopathological findings in spontaneous tendon ruptures. Scand J Med Sci Sports 7:113–118
Kakiuchi M (1995) A combined open and percutaneous technique for repair of tendo Achillis. Comparison with open repair. J Bone Joint Surg Br 77:60–63
Kangas J, Pajala A, Ohtonen P, Leppilahti J (2007) Achilles tendon elongation after rupture repair: a randomized comparison of 2 postoperative regimens. Am J Sports Med 35:59–64
Kannus P, Józsa L (1991) Histopathological changes preceding spontaneous rupture of a tendon. A controlled study of 891 patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am 73:1507–1525
Kager H (1939) Zur Klinik und Diagnostik des Achillessehnenrisses. Chirurg 11:691–695
Keck SW, Kelly PJ (1965) Bursitis of the posterior part of the heel; evaluation of surgical treatment of eighteen patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am 47:267–273
Ketchum LD (1977) Primary tendon healing: a review. J Hand Surg Am 2:428–435
Khan RJ, Fick D, Keogh A, Crawford J, Brammar T, Parker M (2005) Treatment of acute achilles tendon ruptures. A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials. J Bone Joint Surg Am 87:2202–2210
Kjaer M (2004a) Anpassung der Sehnen an körperliche Belastung. Dt Z Sportmed 55:148–151
Kjaer M (2004b) Role of extracellular matrix in adaptation of tendon and skeletal muscle to mechanical loading. Physiol Rev 84:649–698
Klaue K, Masquelet A, Jakob R (1991) Soft tissue and tendon injury in the foot. Curr Opin Orthop 2:519–528
Klaue K, Pfändler J, Speck M, Beck M (2005) Tendon transfers. In Wülker N, Stephens MM, Cracciolo A (Hrsg) An Atlas of Foot and Ankle Surgery. Taylor & Francis, London, S 215–230
Klein W, Lang DM, Saleh M (1991) The use of the Ma-Griffith technique for percutaneous repair of fresh ruptured tendo Achillis. Chir Organi Mov 76:223–228
Komi PV, Fukashiro S, Jarvinen M (1992) Biomechanical loading of Achilles tendon during normal locomotion. Clin Sports Med 11:521–531
Komi PV, Salonen M, Jarvinen M, Kokko O (1987) In vivo registration of Achilles tendon forces in man. I. Methodological development. Int J Sports Med 8(Suppl 1):3–8
Krackow KA, Thomas SC, Jones LC (1986) A new stitch for ligament-tendon fixation. Brief note. J Bone Joint Surg Am 68:764–766
Krahl H, Plaue R (1971) Sehnenrupturen nach Cortisoninjektionen. Med Sport 11:264–268
Kvist H, Kvist M (1980) The operative treatment of chronic calcaneal paratenonitis. J Bone Joint Surg Br 62:353–357
Kvist M (1991) Achilles tendon injuries in athletes. Ann Chir Gynaecol 80:188–201
Lagergren A, Lindholm A (1959) Vascular distribution in the achilles tendon. Acta Chir Scand 116:491
Lea RB, Smith L (1968) Rupture of the achilles tendon. Nonsurgical treatment. Clin Orthop Relat Res 60:115–118
Leitze Z, Sella EJ, Aversa JM (2003) Endoscopic decompression of the retrocalcaneal space. J Bone Joint Surg Am 85-A:1488–1496
Leppilahti J, Puranen J, Orava S (1996) Incidence of Achilles tendon rupture. Acta Orthop Scand 67:277–279
Lill H, Moor C, Schmidt A, Echtermeyer V (1996) Aktueller Stand der Behandlung von Achillessehnenrupturen. Ergebnisse einer bundesweiten Umfrage. Chirurg 67:1160–1165
Lim J, Dalal R, Waseem M (2001) Percutaneous vs. open repair of the ruptured Achilles tendon–a prospective randomized controlled study. Foot Ankle Int 22:559–568
Lo IK, Kirkley A, Nonweiler B, Kumbhare DA (1997) Operative versus nonoperative treatment of acute Achilles tendon ruptures: a quantitative review. Clin J Sport Med 7:207–211
Ma GW, Griffith TG (1977) Percutaneous repair of acute closed ruptured achilles tendon: a new technique. Clin Orthop Relat Res 128:247–255
Maffulli N (1999) Rupture of the Achilles tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Am 81:1019–1036
Maffulli N, Ajis A (2008) Management of chronic ruptures of the Achilles tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Am 90:1348–1360
Maffulli N, Ferran NA, Oliva F, Testa V (2006) Recurrent subluxation of the peroneal tendons. Am J Sports Med 34:986–992
Mann RA, Holmes GB Jr., Seale KS, Collins DN (1991) Chronic rupture of the Achilles tendon: a new technique of repair. J Bone Joint Surg Am 73:214–219
Martin RL, Manning CM, Carcia CR, Conti SF (2005) An outcome study of chronic Achilles tendinosis after excision of the Achilles tendon and flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer. Foot Ankle Int 26:691–697
Matles AL (1975) Rupture of the tendo Achilles. Another diagnostic sign. Bull Hosp Joint Dis 36:48–51
Matthews P, Richards H (1976) Factors in the adherence of flexor tendon after repair: an experimental study in the rabbit. J Bone Joint Surg Br 58:230–236
Mayer L (1916) The physiologic method of tendon transplantation. I. Historical; anatomy and physiology of tendons. Surg Gynecol Obstet 22:182–197
McClelland D, Maffulli N (2004) Neglected rupture of the Achilles tendon: reconstruction with peroneus brevis tendon transfer. Surgeon 2:209–213
McMahon SE, Smith TO, Hing CB (2011) A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing conventional to minimally invasive approches for repair of an Achilles tendon rupture. Foot Ankle Surg 17:211–217
Meier F, Echtermeyer V, Sigismund G (1975) Histologische Veränderungen nach experimenteller Achillessehnenruptur. Hefte Unfallheilkd 126:412–413
Miller EJ (1983) The structure of collagen. Monogr Pathol 24:4–15
Möller M, Movin T, Granhed H, Lind K, Faxen E, Karlsson J (2001) Acute rupture of tendon Achillis. A prospective randomised study of comparison between surgical and non-surgical treatment. J Bone Joint Surg Br 83:843–848
Monroe MT, Dixon DJ, Beals TC, Pomeroy G, Crowley DL, Manoli A (2000) Plantarflexion torque following reconstruction of Achilles tendinosis or rupture with flexor hallucis longus augmentation. Foot Ankle Int 21:324–329
Mulier T (2003) The management of chronic Achilles tendon ruptures: gastrocnemius turn down flap with or without flexor hallucis longus transfer. Foot Ankle Surg 9:151–156
Nestorson J, Movin T, Moller M, Karlsson J (2000) Function after Achilles tendon rupture in the elderly: 25 patients older than 65 years followed for 3 years. Acta Orthop Scand 71:64–68
Nistor L (1976) Conservative treatment of fresh subcutaneous rupture of the Achilles tendon. Acta Orthop Scand 47:459–462
Nistor L (1981) Surgical and non-surgical treatment of Achilles tendon rupture. A prospective randomized study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 63:394–399
Oberhauser AF, Marszalek PE, Erickson HP, Fernandez JM (1998) The molecular elasticity of the extracellular matrix protein tenascin. Nature 393:181–185
Paar O, Bernett P (1984) Therapie der Achillessehnen-Ruptur beim Sportler. Vorteile der Fibrinklebung. Fortschr Med 102:1106–1108
Paavola M, Kannus P, Paakkala T, Pasanen M, Jarvinen M (2000) Long-term prognosis of patients with achilles tendinopathy. An observational 8-year follow-up study. Am J Sports Med 28:634–642
Paavola M, Kannus P, Jarvinen TA, Khan K, Jozsa L, Jarvinen M (2002) Achilles tendinopathy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 84-A:2062–2076
Pajala A, Kangas J, Ohtonen P, Leppilahti J (2002) Rerupture and deep infection following treatment of total Achilles tendon rupture. J Bone Joint Surg Am 84-A:2016–2021
Pajala A, Kangas J, Siira P, Ohtonen P, Leppilahti J (2009) Augmented compared with nonaugmented surgical repair of a fresh total Achilles tendon rupture. A prospective randomized study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 91:1092–1100
Parker RG, Repinecz M (1979) Neglected rupture of the achilles tendon. Treatment by modified Strayer gastrocnemius recession. J Am Podiatry Assoc 69:548–555
Perez Teuffer A (1974) Traumatic rupture of the Achilles tendon. Reconstruction by transplant and graft using the lateral peroneus brevis. Orthop Clin North Am 5:89–93
Persson A, Wredmark T (1979) The treatment of total ruptures of the Achilles tendon by plaster immobilisation. Int Orthop 3:149–152
Petersen W, Bobka T, Stein V, Tillmann B (2000) Blood supply of the peroneal tendons: injection and immunohistochemical studies of cadaver tendons. Acta Orthop Scand 71:168–174
Petersen W, Pufe T, Zantop T, Paulsen F (2003) Blood supply of the flexor hallucis longus tendon with regard to dancer’s tendinitis: injection and immunohistochemical studies of cadaver tendons. Foot Ankle Int 24:591–596
Petersen W, Welp R, Rosenbaum D (2007) Chronic Achilles tendinopathy: a prospective randomized study comparing the therapeutic effect of eccentric training, the AirHeel brace, and a combination of both. Am J Sports Med 35:1659–1667
Pintore E, Barra V, Pintore R, Maffulli N (2001) Peroneus brevis tendon transfer in neglected tears of the Achilles tendon. J Trauma 50:71–78
Pisani G (1998) Fußchirurgie. Thieme, Stuttgart
Puddu G, Ippolito E, Postacchini F (1976) A classification of Achilles tendon disease. Am J Sports Med 4:145–150
Rammelt S, Zwipp H (2004) Sprunggelenk und Fuß. In Weigel B, Nerlich M (Hrsg) Praxisbuch Unfallchirurgie, Bd I, Kap 12. Springer, Berlin, S 765–865
Rasmussen S, Christensen M, Mathiesen I, Simonson O (2008) Shockwave therapy for chronic Achilles tendinopathy: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial of efficacy. Acta Orthop 79:249–256
Reilmann H, Forster EW, Weinberg AM, Bruggemann F, Peukert J (1996) Die konservativ-funktionelle Therapie der geschlossenen Achillessehnenruptur. Behandlungsregime und Analyse der Ergebnisse. Unfallchirurg 99:576–580
Richardson DR, Willers J, Cohen BE, Davis WH, Jones CP, Anderson RB (2009) Evaluation of the hallux morbidity of single-incision flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer. Foot Ankle Int 30:627–30
Richter J, Pommer A, Hahn M, David A, Muhr G (1997) Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der funktionell konservativen Therapie akuter Achillessehnenrupturen. Chirurg 68:517–524
Riede D (1966) Ätiologie, Diagnose und Therapie der subkutanen Achillessehnenrisse. Beitr Orthop Traumatol 13:96–105
Rolf C, Movin T (1997) Etiology, histopathology, and outcome of surgery in achillodynia. Foot Ankle Int 18:565–569
Rompe JD, Furia J, Maffulli N (2009) Eccentric loading versus eccentric loading plus shock-wave treatment for midportion achilles tendinopathy: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Sports Med 37:463–470
Rompe JD, Furia J, Maffulli N (2008) Eccentric loading compared with shock wave treatment for chronic insertional achilles tendinopathy. A randomized, controlled trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am 90:52–61
Rompe JD, Nafe B, Furia JP, Maffulli N (2007) Eccentric loading, shock-wave treatment, or a wait-and-see policy for tendinopathy of the main body of tendo Achillis: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Sports Med 35:374–383
Royer RJ, Pierfitte C, Netter P (1994) Features of tendon disorders with fluoroquinolones. Therapie 49:75–76
Rush JH (1980) Operative repair of neglected rupture of the tendo Achillis. Aust N Z J Surg 50:420–422
Saltzman CL, Tearse DS (1998) Achilles tendon injuries. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 6:316–325
Saleh M, Marshall PD, Senior R, MacFarlane A (1992) The Sheffield splint for controlled early mobilization after rupture of the calcaneal tendon: a prospective-randomized comparison with plaster treatment. J Bone Joint Surg Br 74-B:206–209
Sammarco VJ, Sammarco GJ, Henning C, Chaim S (2009) Surgical repair of acute and chronic tibialis anterior tendon ruptures. J Bone Joint Surg Am 91:325–332
Saragas NP, Ferrao PNF (2011) The incidence of venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing surgery for acute Achilles tendon ruptures. Foot Ankle Surg 17:263–265
Schauwecker F, Weller S, Lenz B (1967) Zur Pathogenese des Achillessehnenrisses. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 92:1758–1761
Schneider H, Grilli PF (1959) Die Ätiologie und Pathogenese der Achillodynie. Acta Chir Scand 116:491–495
Schneider PG (1972) Leistungsfähigkeit und Leistungsgrenzen unseres Muskel-Gelenk-Apparates. Z Orthop 110:749–751
Schröder D, Lehmann M, Steinbrück K (1997) Treatment of acute Achilles tendon ruptures: open vs. percutaneous repair vs. conservative treatment. Orthop Trans 21:1288
Scola E (1996) Welche Funktion haben Proteoglycane bezüglich der Stabilität von Sehnengewebe? (Poster Nr 461, 60. Jahrestagung der DGU, Berlin)
Segesser B, Goesele A, Renggli P (1995) Die Achillessehne im Sport. Orthopäde 24:252–267
Silfverskiöld N (1941) Über die subkutane totale Achillessehnenruptur und deren Behandlung. Acta Chir Scand 84:393–413
Simmonds FA (1957) The diagnosis of the ruptured Achilles tendon. Practitioner 179: 56–58
Soroceanu A, Sidhwa F, Aarabi S, Kaufman A, Glazebrook M (2012) Surgical versus nonsurgical treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Bone Joint Surg Am 94: 2136–43
Spalteholz W (1939) Handatlas der Anatomie des Menschen. Bd 1, Knochen, Gelenke, Bänder. Hirzel, Leipzig
Stein SR, Luekens CA (1976a) Methods and rationale for closed treatment of Achilles tendon ruptures. Am J Sports Med 4:162–169
Stein SR, Luekens CA Jr (1976b) Closed treatment of Achilles tendon ruptures. Orthop Clin North Am 7:241–246
Steinbrück K (2000) Achillessehnenrupturen im Sport – Epidemiologie, aktuelle Diagnostik, Therapie und Rehabilitation. Dtsch Z Sport Med 51:154–160
Strayer LM Jr (1950) Recession of the gastrocnemius; an operation to relieve spastic contracture of the calf muscles. J Bone Joint Surg Am 32-A:671–676
Stucke K (1950) Über das elastische Verhalten der Achillessehne im Belastungsversuch. Langenbecks Arch Klin Chir 265:579–599
Sutherland A, Maffulli N (1999) Die percutane Naht der Achillessehnenruptur in einer modifizierten Technik. Oper Orthop Traumatol 11:307–316
Thermann H, Frerichs O, Biewener A, Krettek C, Schandelmeier P (1995a) Die funktionelle Behandlung der frischen Achillessehnenruptur. Eine experimentelle biomechanische Untersuchung. Unfallchirurg 98:507–513
Thermann H, Zwipp H, Tscherne H (1995b) Funktionelles Behandlungskonzept der frischen Achillessehnenruptur. Zweijahresergebnisse einer prospektiv-randomisierten Studie. Unfallchirurg 98:21–32
Thermann H, Zwipp H, Milbradt H, Reimer P (1989) Die Ultraschallsonographie in der Diagnostik und Verlaufskontrolle der Achillessehnenruptur. Unfallchirurg 92:266–273
Thiel A (1972) Sportliche Belastbarkeit nach Achillessehnenruptur. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 110:796–799
Thompson TC (1962) A test for rupture of the tendo achillis. Acta Orthop Scand 32:461–465
Thompson TC, Doherty JH (1962) Spontaneous rupture of tendon of Achilles: a new clinical diagnostic test. J Trauma 2:126–129
Tittel K, Otto H (1970) Der Einfluss eines Lauftrainings unterschiedlicher Dauer und Intensität auf die Hypertrophie, Zugfestigkeit und Dehnungsfestigkeit des straffen Bindegewebes am Beispiel der Achillessehne. Med & Sport 10:308–315
Tomalla F, Tomalla U, Frank D, Koebke J, König D, Knifka J, Fuhrmann RA (2009) Topographie der Bursen des Fußes und des Sprunggelenkes. Fuß Sprungg 7:252–260
Toygar O (1947) Subkutane Ruptur der Achillessehne (Diagnostik und Behandlungsergebnisse). Helv Chir Acta 14:209–231
Trillat A, Jouvinroux P, Marsan C, Bremant JJ (1967) Traitement des ruptures anciennes du tendon d’Achille (transfert-plastie du court peronier lateral). Lyon Chir 63:603–606
Turco VJ, Spinella AJ (1987) Achilles tendon ruptures-peroneus brevis transfer. Foot Ankle 7:253–259
Twaddle BC, Poon P (2007) Early motion for Achilles tendon ruptures: is surgery important? A randomized, prospective study. Am J Sports Med 35:2033–2038
Us AK, Bilgin SS, Aydin T, Mergen E (1997) Repair of neglected Achilles tendon ruptures: procedures and functional results. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 116:408–411
Wallace RG, Traynor IE, Kernohan WG, Eames MH (2004) Combined conservative and orthotic management of acute ruptures of the Achilles tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Am 86-A:1198–1202
Wallace RG, Heyes GJ, Michael ALR (2011) Then non-operative functional management of patients with a rupture of the tendo Achillis leads to low rates of re-rupture. J Bone Joint Surg Br 93-B:1362–1366
Wapner KL, Pavlock GS, Hecht PJ, Naselli F, Walther R (1993) Repair of chronic Achilles tendon rupture with flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer. Foot Ankle 14:443–449
Waterston SW, Maffulli N, Ewen SW (1997) Subcutaneous rupture of the Achilles tendon: basic science and some aspects of clinical practice. Br J Sports Med 31:285–298
Webb JM, Bannister GC (1999) Percutaneous repair of the ruptured tendo Achillis. J Bone Joint Surg Br 81:877–880
Webb JM, Moorjani N, Radford M (2000) Anatomy of the sural nerve and its relation to the Achilles tendon. Foot Ankle Int 21:475–477
White CS (1913) Retrocalcaneal bursitis. N Y Med J 263–265
Wilhelm K (1977) Neue Aspekte zur Genese der Achillessehnenruptur. Zentralbl Chir 102:794–801
Wills CA, Washburn S, Caiozzo V, Prietto CA (1986) Achilles tendon rupture. A review of the literature comparing surgical versus nonsurgical treatment. Clin Orthop Relat Res 207:156–163
Willits K, Amendola A, Bryant D, Mohtadi NG, Giffin JR, Fowler P, Kean CO, Kirkley A (2010) Operative versus nonoperative treatment of acute Achilles tendon ruptures: a multicenter randomized trial using accelerated functional rehabilitation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 92:2767–2775
Winter E, Weise K, Weller S, Ambacher T (1998) Surgical repair of Achilles tendon rupture. Comparison of surgical with conservative treatment. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 117:364–367
Zwipp H (1986) Die anterolaterale Rotationsinstabilität des oberen Sprunggelenkes. Hefte Unfallheilkd 177:1–176
Zwipp H (1994) Chirurgie des Fußes. Springer, Wien
Zwipp H, Südkamp N, Thermann H, Samek N (1989) Die Achillessehnenruptur. 10-Jahres-Spätergebnisse nach operativer Behandlung. Eine retrospektive Studie. Unfallchirurg 92:554–559
Zwipp H, Thermann H, Sudkamp N, Tscherne H, Milbradt H, Reimer P, Heintz P (1990) Ein innovatives Konzept zur primärfunktionellen Behandlung der Achillessehnenruptur. Sportverletz Sportschaden 4:29–35
Beugesehnen
Alvarez RG, Marini A, Schmitt C, Saltzman CL (2006) Stage I and II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction treated by a structured nonoperative management protocol: an orthosis and exercise program. Foot Ankle Int 27:2–8
Anzel SH, Covey KW, Weiner AD, Lipscomb PR (1959) Disruption of muscles and tendons; an analysis of 1,014 cases. Surgery 45:406–414
Borton DC, Saxby TS (1997) Tear of the plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament causing flatfoot. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg Br 79:641–643
Borus TA, Femino JE, Jacobson JA (2005) Extensor digitorum longus impingement at the dorsolateral talar head. Presented at: 21st Annual Summer Meeting of the American Foot and Ankle Society; July 15-17 2005; Boston, MA
Boss AP, Hintermann B (2008) Tibialis posterior tendon dislocation in combination with achilles tendon rupture: a case report. Foot Ankle Int 29:633–636
Burton PD, Page BJ 2nd (1992) Fracture of the neck of the talus associated with a trimalleolar ankle fracture and ruptured tibialis posterior tendon. J Orthop Trauma 6:248–251
Buschmann WR, Cheung Y, Jahss MH (1991) Magnetic resonance imaging of anomalous leg muscles: accessory soleus, peroneus quartus and the flexor digitorum longus accessorius. Foot Ankle 12:109–116
Clanton TO, McGarvey W (2007) Athletic injuries to the soft tissues of the foot and ankle. In: Coughlin MJ, Mann RA, Saltzman CL (Hrsg) Surgery of the foot and ankle, 8. Aufl. Mosby Elsevier, Philadelphia, S 1425–1564
Coghlan BA, Clarke NM (1993) Traumatic rupture of the flexor hallucis longus tendon in a marathon runner. Am J Sports Med 21:617–618
Coughlin MJ, Schon L (2007) Disorders of tendons. In: Coughlin MJ, Mann RA, Saltzman CL (Hrsg) Surgery of the foot and ankle, 8. Aufl. Mosby Elsevier, Philadelphia, S 1149–1277
De Zwart DF, Davidson JS (1983) Rupture of the posterior tibial tendon associated with fractures of the ankle. A report of two cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am 65:260–262
Ebraheim NA, Wong FY (1995) Simultaneous fracture of the ankle and talus associated with ruptured tibialis posterior tendon. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) Suppl:22–24
Evans D (1975) Calcaneo-valgus deformity. J Bone Joint Surg Br 57:270–278
Floyd DW, Heckman JD, Rockwood CA Jr. (1983) Tendon lacerations in the foot. Foot Ankle 4:8–14
Frenette JP, Jackson DW (1977) Lacerations of the flexor hallucis longus in the young athlete. J Bone Joint Surg Am 59:673–676
Frey C, Shereff M, Greenidge N (1990) Vascularity of the posterior tibial tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Am 72:884–888
Geppert MJ, Sobel M, Hamilton WG (1992) So-called trigger ankle due to an aberrant flexor hallucis longus muscle in a tennis player. A case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 74:1578–1579
Giblin MM (1980) Ruptured tibialis posterior tendon associated with a closed medial malleolar fracture. Aust N Z J Surg 50:59–60
Goncalves-Neto J, Witzel SS, Teodoro WR, Carvalho-Junior AE, Fernandes TD, Yoshinari HH (2002) Changes in collagen matrix composition in human posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Joint Bone Spine 69:189–194
Goucher NR, Coughlin MJ, Kristensen RM (2006) Dislocation of the posterior tibial tendon: a literature review and presentation of two cases. Iowa Orthop J 26:122–126
Haddad SL, Mann RA (2007) Flatfoot deformity in adults. In: Coughlin MJ, Mann RA, Saltzman CL (Eds.): Surgery of the foot and ankle, 8th Ed., Philadelphia, Mosby Elsevier, pp.1007–1085
Hamilton WG (1982) Stenosing tenosynovitis of the flexor hallucis longus tendon and posterior impingement upon the os trigonum in ballet dancers. Foot Ankle 3:74–80
Hamilton WG, Geppert MJ, Thompson FM (1996) Pain in the posterior aspect of the ankle in dancers. Differential diagnosis and operative treatment. J Bone Joint Surg Am 78:1491–1500
Hansen ST (2000) Functional reconstruction of the foot and ankle. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia
Healy WA 3rd, Starkweather KD, Gruber MA (1995) Chronic dislocation of the posterior tibial tendon. A case report. Am J Sports Med 23:776–777
Heini PF, Ganz R (1994) Anterolateral subluxation of the talus after overlooked dislocation of the tibialis posterior tendon. J Orthop Trauma 8:449–453
Helmy N, Platz A, Vollenweider A, Trentz O (2000) Traumatische Luxation der Tibialis-posterior Sehne. Unfallchirurg 103:504–506
Holmes GB Jr., Mann RA (1992) Possible epidemiological factors associated with rupture of the posterior tibial tendon. Foot Ankle 13:70–79
Holt KW, Cross MJ (1990) Isolated rupture of the flexor hallucis longus tendon. A case report. Am J Sports Med 18:645–646
Inokuchi S, Usami N (1997) Closed complete rupture of the flexor hallucis longus tendon at the groove of the talus. Foot Ankle Int 18:47–49
Jacoby SM, Slauterbeck JR, Raikin SM (2008) Acute posterior tibial tendon tear in an ice-hockey player: a case report. Foot Ankle Int 29:1045–1048
Jahss MH (1991) Tendon disorders of the foot. In Jahss MH (Hrsg) Disorders of the foot and ankle, 2. Aufl. Saunders, Philadelphia, S 1461–1513
Jahss MH (1982) Spontaneous rupture of the tibialis posterior tendon: clinical findings, tenographic studies, and a new technique of repair. Foot Ankle 3:158–166
Johnson KA, Strom DE (1989) Tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction. Clin Orthop Relat Res 239:196–206
Kaye RA, Jahss MH (1991) Tibialis posterior: a review of anatomy and biomechanics in relation to support of the medial longitudinal arch. Foot Ankle 11:244–247
Kelbel M, Jardon OM (1982) Rupture of tibialis posterior tendon in a closed ankle fracture. J Trauma 22:1026–1027
Key JA (1953) Partial rupture of the tendon of the posterior tibial muscle. J Bone Joint Surg Am 35-A:1006–8
Kinoshita M, Okuda R, Morikawa J, Abe M (2003) Tarsal tunnel syndrome associated with an accessory muscle. Foot Ankle Int 24:132–136
Korovessis P, Spastris P, Katsardis T, Sidiropoulos P (1991) Simultaneous rupture of the tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus tendons in a closed tibial fracture. J Orthop Trauma 5:89–92
Koutsogiannis E (1971) Treatment of mobile flat foot by displacement osteotomy of the calcaneus. J Bone Joint Surg Br 53:96–100
Krackow KA (1980) Acute, traumatic rupture of a flexor hallucis longus tendon: a case report. Clin Orthop Relat Res 150: 261–262
Lanz Tv, Wachsmuth W (1972) Praktische Anatomie, Bd 1, Teil 4, Bein und Statik. VI: Pes, der Fuß. Springer, Berlin
Larsen E, Lauridsen F (1984) Dislocation of the tibialis posterior tendon in two athletes. Am J Sports Med 12:429–430
Lauge-Hansen N (1963) Die genetische Reposition und Retention. Zentralbl Chir 88:545–561
Leitner B (1952) Behandlungen und Behandlungsergebnisse von 42 frischen Fällen von Luxatio pedis sub talo im Unfallkrankenhaus Wien 1925–50. Ergebnisse Chir Orthop 37:501–577
Lin JL, Balbas J, Richardson EG (2008) Results of non-surgical treatment of stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: a 7- to 10-year followup. Foot Ankle Int 29:781–786
Lohrer H, Nauck T (2010) Posterior tibial tendon dislocation. a systematic review of the literature and presentation of a case. Br J Sports Med 44:398–406
MacConaill MA, Basmajian JV (1969) Muscles and movements: A basis for human kinesiology. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore
Mahieu C, Deneufbourg J, Lewalle J (1992) La luxation du tendon du jambier posterieur (M. tibialis posterior). Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 78:127–129
Mandalia V, Williamson DM (2002) Conservative management of rupture of the flexor hallucis longus tendon: A case report and literature review. Foot Ankle Surg 8:261–265
Marcus RE, Goodfellow DB, Pfister ME (1995) The difficult diagnosis of posterior tibialis tendon rupture in sports injuries. Orthopedics 18:715–721
Marks RM, Schon LC (1998) Posttraumatic posterior tibialis tendon insertional elongation with functional incompetency: a case report. Foot Ankle Int 19:180–183
Martius C (1874) Notes sur un cas de luxation du muscle tibial posterieur etc. Bull R Med Belg 4:103
Mosier SM, Lucas DR, Pomeroy G, Manoli A 2nd (1998) Pathology of the posterior tibial tendon in posterior tibial tendon insufficiency. Foot Ankle Int 19:520–524
Myerson M, Solomon G, Shereff M (1989) Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: its association with seronegative inflammatory disease. Foot Ankle 9:219–225
Myerson MS, Corrigan J (1996) Treatment of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction with flexor digitorum longus tendon transfer and calcaneal osteotomy. Orthopedics 19:383–388
Ouzounian TJ, Myerson MS (1992) Dislocation of the posterior tibial tendon. Foot Ankle 13:215–219
Penney KE, Wiener BD, Magill RM (2000) Traumatic rupture of the tibialis posterior tendon after ankle fracture: a case report. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 29:41–43
Perry MB, Premkumar A, Venzon DJ, Shawker TH, Gerber LH (2003) Ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and posterior tibialis dysfunction. Clin Orthop Relat Res 408:225-231
Petersen W, Hohmann G, Stein V, Tillmann B (2002) The blood supply of the posterior tibial tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Br 84:141–144
Pietu G, Letenneur J, Huguet D (1993) Luxation du tendon du muscle tibialis posterior et fracture de la malleole fibulaire. Un autre equivalent de fracture bimalleolaire? Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 79:127–130
Pisani G (1998) Fußchirurgie. Thieme, Stuttgart
Pomeroy GC, Pike RH, Beals TC, Manoli A 2nd (1999) Acquired flatfoot in adults due to dysfunction of the posterior tibial tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Am 81:1173–1182
Rasmussen RB, Thyssen EP (1990) Rupture of the flexor hallucis longus tendon: case report. Foot Ankle 10:288–289
Rolle WA Jr, Herbison GJ, Wapner KL, Schweitzer ME (1995) Traumatic focal posterior tibialis muscle denervation. Foot Ankle Int 16:363–367
Romash MM (1994) Closed rupture of the flexor hallucis longus tendon in a long distance runner: report of a case and review of the literature. Foot Ankle Int 15:433–436
Rosenberg ZS, Cheung Y, Jahss MH, Noto AM, Norman A, Leeds NE (1988) Rupture of posterior tibial tendon: CT and MR imaging with surgical correlation. Radiology 169:229–235
Saillant G, de Labareyre H, Roy-Camille R (1990) Les ruptures du tendon du jambier posterieur. Etude clinique et therapeutique a propos de 13 cas. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot 76:559–567
Sammarco GJ, Miller EH (1979) Partial rupture of the flexor hallucis longus tendon in classical ballet dancers: two case reports. J Bone Joint Surg Am 61:149–150
Sammarco VJ, Magur EG, Sammarco GJ, Bagwe MR (2006) Arthrodesis of the subtalar and talonavicular joints for correction of symptomatic hindfoot malalignment. Foot Ankle Int 27:661–666
Simonet WT, Sim L (1995) Boot-top tendon lacerations in ice hockey. J Trauma 38: 30–31
Soballe K, Kjaersgaard-Andersen P (1988) Ruptured tibialis posterior tendon in a closed ankle fracture. Clin Orthop Relat Res 231:140–143
Soler RR, Gallart Castany FJ, Riba Ferret J, Garcia Ramiro S (1986) Traumatic dislocation of the tibialis posterior tendon at the ankle level. J Trauma 26:1049–1052
Thompson FM, Snow SW, Hershon SJ (1993) Spontaneous atraumatic rupture of the flexor hallucis longus tendon under the sustentaculum tali: case report, review of the literature, and treatment options. Foot Ankle 14:414–417
Trevino S, Gould N, Korson R (1981) Surgical treatment of stenosing tenosynovitis at the ankle. Foot Ankle 2:37–45
Voss H, Herrlinger R (1966) Taschenbuch der Anatomie, Bd I, 13. Aufl. Fischer, Jena
Wagner R, Weckbach A (1995) Die subtalare Luxation. Chirurg 66:1126–1133
Wei SY, Kneeland JB, Okereke E (1998) Complete atraumatic rupture of the flexor hallucis longus tendon: a case report and review of the literature. Foot Ankle Int 19:472–474
Wredmark T, Carlstedt CA, Bauer H, Saartok T (1991) Os trigonum syndrome: a clinical entity in ballet dancers. Foot Ankle 11:404–406
Zwipp H (1994) Chirurgie des Fußes. Springer, Wien
Zwipp H, Dahlen C, Amlang M, Rammelt S (2000) Verletzungen der Sehne des M. tibialis posterior. Diagnostik und Therapie. Orthopäde 29:251–259
Zwipp H, Rammelt S (2006) Modifizierte Evans-Osteotomie zur operativen Behandlung des erworbenen Plattfußes. Oper Orthop Traumatol 18:182–197
Zwipp H, Südkamp N, Thermann H, Samek N (1989) Die Achillessehnenruptur. 10-Jahres-Spätergebnisse nach operativer Behandlung. Eine retrospektive Studie. Unfallchirurg 92:554–559
Strecksehnen
Akhtar M, Levine J (1980) Dislocation of extensor digitorum longus tendons after spontaneous rupture of the inferior retinaculum of the ankle. Case report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 62:1210–1211
Al-Qattan MM (2007) Surgical treatment and results in 17 cases of open lacerations of the extensor hallucis longus tendon. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 60:360–367
Bell W, Schon L (1996) Tendon lacerations of the toes and foot. Foot Ankle Clin 1:355–372
Berens TA (1990) Autogenous graft repair of an extensor hallucis longus laceration. J Foot Surg 29:179–182
Coughlin MJ, Schon L (2007) Disorders of tendons. In: Coughlin MJ, Mann RA, Saltzman CL (Hrsg) Surgery of the foot and ankle, 8. Aufl. Mosby Elsevier, Philadelphia, S 1149–1277
Crosby LA, Fitzgibbons TC (1988) Unrecognized laceration of tibialis anterior tendon: a case report. Foot Ankle 9:143–145
Dooley BJ, Kudelka P, Menelaus MB (1980) Subcutaneous rupture of the tendon of tibialis anterior. J Bone Joint Surg Br 62-B:471–472
Duke HF, Greenberg PJ (1991) Distal extensor hallucis longus tenotomy. J Foot Surg 30:133–136
Fadel GE, Alipour F (2008) Rupture of the extensor hallucis longus tendon caused by talar neck osteophyte. Foot Ankle Surg 14:100–102
Floyd DW, Heckman JD, Rockwood CA Jr (1983) Tendon lacerations in the foot. Foot Ankle 4:8–14
Forst R, Forst J, Heller KD (1995) Ipsilateral peroneus brevis tendon grafting in a complicated case of traumatic rupture of tibialis anterior tendon. Foot Ankle Int 16:440–444
Franck WM, Olk A, Hennig FF (2005) Combined rupture of the tibialis anterior and the extensor hallucis longus tendons – functional reconstruction. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 125:277–280
Gaulrapp H, Heimkes B (1997) Peronaeus-tertius-Plastik nach veralteter traumatischer Ruptur der Tibialis-anterior-Sehne (Kasuistik). Unfallchirurg 100:979–983
Griffiths JC (1965) Tendon injuries around the ankle. J Bone Joint Surg Br 47:686–689
Khoury NJ, el-Khoury GY, Saltzman CL, Brandser EA (1996) Rupture of the anterior tibial tendon: diagnosis by MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol 167:351–354
Kobayashi H, Sakurai M, Kobayashi T (2007) Extensor digitorum longus tenosynovitis caused by talar head impingement in an ultramarathon runner: a case report. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 15:245–247
Langenberg R (1989) Die Spontanruptur der Sehne des Musculus extensor hallucis longus. Zentralbl Chir 114:400–403
Leung YF, Ip SP, Chung OM (2002) A new method of functional tendon transfer for the dysfunction of extensor hallucis longus. Foot Ankle Int 23:1124–1125
Lipscomb PR, Kelly PJ (1955) Injuries of the extensor tendons in the distal part of the leg and in the ankle. J Bone Joint Surg Am 37-A:1206–1213
Markarian GG, Kelikian AS, Brage M, Trainor T, Dias L (1998) Anterior tibialis tendon ruptures: an outcome analysis of operative versus nonoperative treatment. Foot Ankle Int 19:792–802
Mensor MC, Ordway GL (1953) Traumatic subcutaneous rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Am 35-A:675–680
Menz P, Nettle WJ (1989) Closed rupture of the musculotendinous junction of extensor hallucis longus. Injury 20:378–381
Meyn MA Jr (1975) Closed rupture of the anterior tibial tendon. A case report and review of the literature. Clin Orthop Relat Res 113:154–157
Moskowitz E (1971) Rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon simulating peroneal nerve palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 52:431–433
Mulcahy DM, Dolan AM, Stephens MM (1996) Spontaneous rupture of extensor hallucis longus tendon. Foot Ankle Int 17:162–163
Ouzounian TJ, Anderson R (1995) Anterior tibial tendon rupture. Foot Ankle Int 16:406–410
Park HG, Lee BK, Sim JA (2003) Autogenous graft repair using semitendinous tendon for a chronic multifocal rupture of the extensor hallucis longus tendon: a case report. Foot Ankle Int 24:506–508
Petersen W, Stein V, Bobka T (2000) Structure of the human tibialis anterior tendon. J Anat 197 Pt 4:617–625
Poggi JJ, Hall RL (1995) Acute rupture of the extensor hallucis longus tendon. Foot Ankle Int 16:41–43
Rimoldi RL, Oberlander MA, Waldrop JI, Hunter SC (1991) Acute rupture of the tibialis anterior tendon: a case report. Foot Ankle 12:176–177
Rooks M (1994) Tendon, vascular, nerve and skin injuries. In: Gould J (Hrsg) Operative foot surgery. Saunders, Philadelphia, S 515–566
Sammarco VJ, Sammarco GJ, Henning C, Chaim S (2009) Surgical repair of acute and chronic tibialis anterior tendon ruptures. J Bone Joint Surg Am 91:325–332
Satku K, Kumar VP (1992) Soft tissue „rheumatism“ in sports. Singapore Med J 33:193–194
Scaduto AA, Cracchiolo A 3rd (2000) Lacerations and ruptures of the flexor or extensor hallucis longus tendons. Foot Ankle Clin 5:725–736
Sim FH, Deweerd JH Jr (1977) Rupture of the extensor hallucis longus tendon while skiiing. Minn Med 60:789–790
Steffen L (1892) Luxation im Lisfranc’schen Gelenk mit Interposition der Sehne des M. tibialis anterior. Dtsch Z Chir 47:619
Tohen A, Carmona J, Barrera JR (1966) The utilization of abnormal reflexes in the treatment of spastic foot deformities. A preliminary report. Clin Orthop Relat Res 47:77–84
Voss H, Herrlinger R (1966) Taschenbuch der Anatomie, Bd I, 13. Aufl. Fischer, Jena
Zeichen J, Thermann H, Bosch U (2001) Die augmentierte Umkippplastik zur Rekonstruktion der Sehne des Musculus tibialis anterior. Operat Orthop Traumatol 13:305–311
Peronealsehnen
Adachi N, Fukuhara K, Tanaka H, Nakasa T, Ochi M (2006) Superior retinaculoplasty for recurrent dislocation of peroneal tendons. Foot Ankle Int 27:1074–1078
Arrowsmith SR, Fleming LL, Allman FL (1983) Traumatic dislocations of the peroneal tendons. Am J Sports Med 11:142–146
Athavale SA, Swathi, Vangara SV (2011) Anatomy of the superior peroneal tunnel. J Bone Joint Surg Am 93:564–571
Bassett FH 3rd, Speer KP (1993) Longitudinal rupture of the peroneal tendons. Am J Sports Med 21:354–357
Best A, Giza E, Linklater J, Sullivan M (2005) Posterior impingement of the ankle caused by anomalous muscles. A report of four cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am 87:2075–2079
Borton DC, Lucas P, Jomha NM, Cross MJ, Slater K (1998) Operative reconstruction after transverse rupture of the tendons of both peroneus longus and brevis. Surgical reconstruction by transfer of the flexor digitorum longus tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Br 80:781–784
Brandes CB, Smith RW (2000) Characterization of patients with primary peroneus longus tendinopathy: a review of twenty-two cases. Foot Ankle Int 21:462–468
Brigido MK, Fessell DP, Jacobson JA, Widman DS, Craig JG, Jamadar DA, van Holsbeeck MT (2005) Radiography and US of os peroneum fractures and associated peroneal tendon injuries: initial experience. Radiology 237:235–241
Burman M (1953) Stenosing tendovaginitis of the foot and ankle; studies with special reference to the stenosing tendovaginitis of the peroneal tendons of the peroneal tubercle. AMA Arch Surg 67:686–698
Chen W, Li X, Su Y, Zhang Q, Smith WR, Zhang X, Zhang Y (2011) Peroneal tenography to evaluate lateral hindfoot pain after calcaneal fracture. Foot Ankle Int 32:789–795
Church CC (1977) Radiographic diagnosis of acute peroneal tendon dislocation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 129:1065–1068
Clarke HD, Kitaoka HB, Ehman RL (1998) Peroneal tendon injuries. Foot Ankle Int 19: 280–288
Cobey JC (1976) Posterior roentgenogram of the foot. Clin Orthop Relat Res 118:202–207
Dammers HR (1988) Die Tendovaginitis stenosans im Bereich der Peronealsehne. Aktuelle Traumatol 18:55
Davis WH, Sobel M, Deland J, Bohne WH, Patel MB (1994) The superior peroneal retinaculum: an anatomic study. Foot Ankle Int 15:271–275
Dombek MF, Lamm BM, Saltrick K, Mendicino RW, Catanzariti AR (2003) Peroneal tendon tears: a retrospective review. J Foot Ankle Surg 42:250–258
DuVries HL (1959) Surgery of the Foot. Mosby, St. Louis, S 253–255
Eckert WR, Davis EA Jr (1976) Acute rupture of the peroneal retinaculum. J Bone Joint Surg Am 58:670–672
Edwards ME (1928) The relationship of the peroneal tendons to the fibula, calcaneum and cuboideum. Am J Anat 42:213–253
Engber WD, Roberts JM (1982) Irreducible tarsometatarsal fracture-dislocation. Clin Orthop Relat Res 168:102–104
Ferran NA, Maffulli N, Oliva F (2006) Management of recurrent subluxation of the peroneal tendons. Foot Ankle Clin 11:465–474
Geller J, Lin S, Cordas D, Vieira P (2003) Relationship of a low-lying muscle belly to tears of the peroneus brevis tendon. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 32:541–544
Gould N, Seligson D, Gassman J (1980) Early and late repair of lateral ligament of the ankle. Foot Ankle 1:84–89
Grant TH, Kelikian AS, Jereb SE, McCarthy RJ (2005) Ultrasound diagnosis of peroneal tendon tears. A surgical correlation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 87:1788–1794
Gray JM, Alpar EK (2001) Peroneal tenosynovitis following ankle sprains. Injury 32:487–489
Hansen ST (2000) Functional reconstruction of the foot and ankle. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia
Heckman DS, Reddy S, Pedowitz D, Wapner KL, Parekh SG (2008) Operative treatment for peroneal tendon disorders. J Bone Joint Surg Am 90:404–418
Heim D, Heim U (1982) Die Peronealsehnenluxation. Helv Chir Acta 49:269
Hyer CF, Dawson JM, Philbin TM, Berlet GC, Lee TH (2005) The peroneal tubercle: description, classification, and relevance to peroneus longus tendon pathology. Foot Ankle Int 26:947–950
Jahss MH (1991) Tendon disorders of the foot. In: Jahss MH (Hrsg) Disorders of the foot and ankle, 2. Aufl. Saunders, Philadelphia, S 1461–1513
Jones DC (1993) Tendon disorders of the foot and ankle. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 1:87–94
Jones E (1923) Operative treatment of the peroneal tendons. J Bone Joint Surg (Br) 14:574–576
Karlsson J, Brandsson S, Kalebo P, Eriksson BI (1998) Surgical treatment of concomitant chronic ankle instability and longitudinal rupture of the peroneus brevis tendon. Scand J Med Sci Sports 8:42–49
Kelly RE (1920) An operation for the chronic dislocation of the peroneal tendons. Br J Surg 7:502–504
Klos K, Vag T, Gras F, König V, Hofmann GO, Mückley T (2011) Distal peroneal tendon dislocation: a case report. Foot Ankle Int 32:314–318
Kollias SL, Ferkel RD (1997) Fibular grooving for recurrent peroneal tendon subluxation. Am J Sports Med 25:329–335
Kraske P (1895) Über die Luxation der Peronäussehnen. Zentralbl Chir 24:569
Krause JO, Brodsky JW (1998) Peroneus brevis tendon tears: pathophysiology, surgical reconstruction, and clinical results. Foot Ankle Int 19:271–279
Kumai T, Benjamin M (2003) The histological structure of the malleolar groove of the fibula in man: its direct bearing on the displacement of peroneal tendons and their surgical repair. J Anat 203:257–262
Larsen E, Flink-Olsen M, Seerup K (1984) Surgery for recurrent dislocation of the peroneal tendons. Acta Orthop Scand 55:554–555
Maffulli N, Ferran NA, Oliva F, Testa V (2006) Recurrent subluxation of the peroneal tendons. Am J Sports Med 34:986–992
Manoli A 2nd, Graham B (2005) The subtle cavus foot, „the underpronator“. Foot Ankle Int 26:256–263
McConkey JP, Favero KJ (1987) Subluxation of the peroneal tendons within the peroneal tendon sheath. A case report. Am J Sports Med 15:511–513
McLennan JG (1980) Treatment of acute and chronic luxations of the peroneal tendons. Am J Sports Med 8:432–436
Meyers AW (1924) Further evidence of attrition in the human body. Am J Anat 34:241–248
Molloy R, Tisdel C (2003) Failed treatment of peroneal tendon injuries. Foot Ankle Clin 8:115–129
Monteggia GB (1803) Instituzioni chirurgiche, 2. Aufl. G. Maspero, Milano
Munk RL, Davis PH (1976) Longitudinal rupture of the peroneus brevis tendon. J Trauma 16:803–806
Murr S (1961) Dislocation of the peroneal tendons with marginal fracture of the lateral malleolus. J Bone Joint Surg (Br) 43:563–565
Neustadter J, Raikin SM, Nazarian LN (2004) Dynamic sonographic evaluation of peroneal tendon subluxation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 183:985–988
Oden RR (1987) Tendon injuries about the ankle resulting from skiing. Clin Orthop Relat Res 216:63–69
Ogawa BK, Thordarson DB, Zalavras C (2007) Peroneal tendon subluxation repair with an indirect fibular groove deepening technique. Foot Ankle Int 28: 1194–1197
Orthner E, Polcik J, Schabus R (1989a) Die Luxation der Peroneussehnen. Unfallchirurg 92:589–594
Orthner E, Weinstabl R, Schabus R (1989b) Experimentelle Untersuchung zur Klärung des Pathomechanismus der traumatischen Peroneussehnenluxation. Unfallchirurg 92:547–553
Peacock KC, Resnick EJ, Thoder JJ (1986) Fracture of the os peroneum with rupture of the peroneus longus tendon. A case report and review of the literature. Clin Orthop Relat Res 202: 223–6
Porter D, McCarroll J, Knapp E, Torma J (2005) Peroneal tendon subluxation in athletes: fibular groove deepening and retinacular reconstruction. Foot Ankle Int 26:436–441
Raikin SM (2009) Intrasheath subluxation of the peroneal tendons. Surgical technique. J Bone Joint Surg Am 91(Suppl 2 Pt 1):146–155
Raikin SM, Elias I, Nazarian LN (2008) Intrasheath subluxation of the peroneal tendons. J Bone Joint Surg Am 90:992–999
Richli WR, Rosenthal DI (1984) Avulsion fracture of the fifth metatarsal: experimental study of pathomechanics. AJR Am J Roentgenol 143:889–891
Rockett MS, Waitches G, Sudakoff G, Brage M (1998) Use of ultrasonography versus magnetic resonance imaging for tendon abnormalities around the ankle. Foot Ankle Int 19:604–612
Sammarco GJ (1995) Peroneus longus tendon tears: acute and chronic. Foot Ankle Int 16:245–253
Sammarco VJ, Cuttica DJ, Sammarco GJ (2010) Lasso stitch with peroneal retinaculoplasty for repair of fractured os peroneum: a report of two cases. Clin Orthop Relat Res 468:1012–1017
Shawen SB, Anderson RB (2004) Indirect groove deepening in the management of chronic peroneal tendon dislocation. Tech Foot Ankle Surg 3:118–125
Slätis P, Santavirta S, Sandelin J (1988) Surgical treatment of chronic dislocation of the peroneal tendons. Br J Sports Med 22:16–18
Sobel M, Bohne WH, O’Brien SJ (1992) Peroneal tendon subluxation in a case of anomalous peroneus brevis muscle. Acta Orthop Scand 63:682–684
Sobel M, DiCarlo EF, Bohne WH, Collins L (1991) Longitudinal splitting of the peroneus brevis tendon: an anatomic and histologic study of cadaveric material. Foot Ankle 12: 165–170
Sobel M, Levy ME, Bohne WH (1990) Congenital variations of the peroneus quartus muscle: an anatomic study. Foot Ankle 11:81–89
Sobel M, Pavlov H, Geppert MJ, Thompson FM, DiCarlo EF, Davis WH (1994) Painful os peroneum syndrome: a spectrum of conditions responsible for plantar lateral foot pain. Foot Ankle Int 15:112–124
Steinbock G, Pinsger M (1994) Treatment of peroneal tendon dislocation by transposition under the calcaneofibular ligament. Foot Ankle Int 15:107–111
Stover CN, Bryan DR (1962) Traumatic dislocation of the peroneal tendons. Am J Surg 103:180–186
Stukenborg-Colsman C, Wirth CJ (2000) Resektion der Sehne des Musculus peronaeus brevis bei „schnappenden“ Peronealsehnen – ein Bericht von drei Fallen. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 138: 265–268
Tan V, Lin SS, Okereke E (2003) Superior peroneal retinaculoplasty: a surgical technique for peroneal subluxation. Clin Orthop Relat Res 410:320–325
Theodorou DJ, Theodorou SJ, Kakitsubata Y, Botte MJ, Resnick D (2003) Fractures of proximal portion of fifth metatarsal bone: anatomic and imaging evidence of a pathogenesis of avulsion of the plantar aponeurosis and the short peroneal muscle tendon. Radiology 226:857–865.
Title CI, Jung HG, Parks BG, Schon LC (2005) The peroneal groove deepening procedure: a biomechanical study of pressure reduction. Foot Ankle Int 26:442–448
Trevino S, Gould N, Korson R (1981) Surgical treatment of stenosing tenosynovitis at the ankle. Foot Ankle 2:37–45
van Dijk CN, Kort N (1998) Tendoscopy of the peroneal tendons. Arthroscopy 14:471–478
Viernstein K, Rosemeyer B (1972) Ein Operationsverfahren zur Behandlung der rezidivierenden Peronaealsehnenluxation beim Leistungssportler. Arch Orthop Unfallchir 74:175–181
Walther M, Morrison R, Mayer B (2009) Retromalleolar groove impaction for the treatment of unstable peroneal tendons. Am J Sports Med 37:191–194
Wapner KL, Taras JS, Lin SS, Chao W (2006) Staged reconstruction for chronic rupture of both peroneal tendons using Hunter rod and flexor hallucis longus tendon transfer: a long-term followup study. Foot Ankle Int 27:591–597
Zammit J, Singh D (2003) The peroneus quartus muscle. Anatomy and clinical relevance. J Bone Joint Surg Br 85:1134–1137
Zoellner G, Clancy W Jr (1979) Recurrent dislocation of the peroneal tendon. J Bone Joint Surg Am 61:292–294
Zwipp H (1986) Die anterolaterale Rotationsinstabilität des oberen Sprunggelenkes. Hefte Unfallheilkd 177:1–176
Zwipp H (1993) Severe foot trauma in combination with talar injuries. In: Tscherne H, Schatzker J (Hrsg) Major fractures of the pilon, the talus and the calcaneus. Springer, Berlin, S 123–135
Zwipp H (1994) Chirurgie des Fußes. Springer, Wien
Zwipp H, Rammelt S (2003) Posttraumatische Korrekturoperationen am Fuß. Zentralbl Chir 128:218–226
Zwipp H, Rammelt S, Barthel S (2005) Kalkaneusfraktur. Unfallchirurg 108:737–760
Zwipp H, Rammelt S (2006) Subtalare Arthrodese mit Calcaneus-Osteotomie. Orthopäde 35:387–404
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Zwipp, H., Rammelt, S. (2014). Weichteile: Verletzungen und chronische Schäden. In: Tscherne Unfallchirurgie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68883-9_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68883-9_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-63290-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-68883-9
eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)