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Neurotransmitter und Modulatoren

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Handbuch der Psychopharmakotherapie

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Auszug

Die Signalübertragung an der chemischen Synapse beginnt mit der Freisetzung eines chemischen Überträgerstoffs, dem Neurotransmitter, an der präsynaptischen Membran, der auf der gegenüberliegenden postsynaptischen Seite an spezifische Rezeptoren bindet., Es gibt für alle bisher bekannten Neurotransmitter unterschiedliche Rezeptoren, sodass derselbe Transmitter andersartige Wirkungen an verschiedenen Synapsen hervorrufen kann. Die wichtigsten Neurotransmitter im Zentralnervensystem (ZNS) der Vertebraten werden von den Aminosäuren (AS) Glutamat, γ-Aminobuttersäure (GABA) und Glycin gebildet. Dabei werden erregende Signale durch L-Glutamat und bedingt auch durch L- und D-Aspartat vermittelt. Der wichtigste inhibitorische Neurotransmitter im ZNS ist GABA, ausgenommen das Rückenmark und der Hirnstamm, in denen schwerpunktmäßig Glycin die Inhibition vermittelt.

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Authors
  1. Wulf Hevers
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  2. Hartmut Lüddens
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  3. Patrick Schloss
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  4. Martin E. Keck
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  5. Rainer Landgraf
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  6. Rainer Rupprecht
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  7. Beat Lutz
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Max-Planck-Institut für Psychiatrie, Kraepelinstraße 2-10, 80804, München

    Florian Holsboer

  2. Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen

    Gerhard Gründer

  3. Ehemals: Psychiatrische Klinik und Poliklinik der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Untere Zahlbacher Straße 8, 55131, Mainz

    Otto Benkert

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Hevers, W. et al. (2008). Neurotransmitter und Modulatoren. In: Holsboer, F., Gründer, G., Benkert, O. (eds) Handbuch der Psychopharmakotherapie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68748-1_10

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