Abstract
In 1960, Maiman (USA) created the first source of coherent optical radiation, namely, a ruby laser emitting in the red spectral region (λ = 0.6943 μm) [1.1]. Several years later a great family of lasers was already in existence. The following types were known:
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1)
solid-state lasers, e.g., Nd:CaWO4 laser emitting at 1.065 μm [1.2], neodymium glass laser (λ = 1.06 μm) [1.3], Nd:YAG laser (λ = 1.064 μm) [1.4]
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2)
gas lasers, e.g., He-Ne laser (λ = 0.6328, 1.1523, 3.3913 μm) [1.5], argon ion laser (λ = 0.4880, 0.5145μm) [1.6], CO2 laser (λ = 9.6, 10.6 μm) [1.7];
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3)
dye lasers [1.8,9]
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4)
semiconductor lasers [1.10–12];
and so on. The wavelengths of the above mentioned lasers were either fixed or tunable over a small range. It was a matter of practical importance to widen the range of wavelengths generated by laser sources.
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Dmitriev, V.G., Gurzadyan, G.G., Nikogosyan, D.N. (1997). Introduction. In: Handbook of Nonlinear Optical Crystals. Springer Series in Optical Sciences, vol 64. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68392-6_1
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