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Methods for the Extraction and Detection of Trace Organosilicon Materials in Environmental Samples

  • Chapter
Organosilicon Materials

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC3,volume 3 / 3H))

Abstract

Silicone manufacturers worldwide have organized to study the environmental impact of organo-silicon materials, focusing primarily on polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS), which constitute the largest source of organosilicon materials in wastewater treatment streams. This chapter reviews literature methods for the extraction and detection of PDMS and presents recently developed, improved analytical methods. These more effective techniques are currently being used in North America, Europe, and Japan to determine concentrations of silicones in environmental samples.

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Abbreviations

AAS:

atomic absorption spectroscopy

AES:

atomic emission spectroscopy

BSA:

bis(trimethylsilyl) acetamide

CES:

Centre Europeen des Silicones

DCI:

desorption chemical ionization

DMSD:

dimethylsilanediol

Dx :

[(CH3)2SiO]x x = 3−7

EI:

electron impact

FIA:

flow injection analysis

FID:

flame-ionization detection

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

GPC:

gel permeation chromatography

HPLC:

high performance liquid chromatography

ICP:

inductively coupled plasma

MALDI-MS:

matrix assisted laser desorption ionization/mass spectroscopy

MM:

(CH3)3SiOSi(CH3)3

MN :

number average molecular weight

MS:

mass spectrometry

MW :

weight average molecular weight

NIOSH :

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

NMR:

nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

PCI:

positive chemical ionization

PDMS:

polydimethylsiloxane

PY-GCMS:

pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

SEC:

size exclusion chromatography

SEHSC:

Silicones Environmental, Health and Safety Council

SFC:

supercritical fluid chromatography

SIAJ:

Silicone Industry Association of Japan

SIMS:

secondary ion mass spectrometry

THE:

tetrahydrofuran

TOF:

time of flight

VMS:

volatile methylsiloxanes

WWTP:

wastewater treatment plant

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. General Electric Co., P.O. Box 8, Schenectady, NY, 12301-0008, USA

    J. C. Carpenter

  2. Th. Goldschmidt AG, Goldschmidtstr. 100, D-45127, Essen, Germany

    R. Gerhards

Authors
  1. J. C. Carpenter
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  2. R. Gerhards
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dow corning Corporation, P.O. Box 0994, 48686-0994, Midland, MI, USA

    Grish Chandra

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© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Carpenter, J.C., Gerhards, R. (1997). Methods for the Extraction and Detection of Trace Organosilicon Materials in Environmental Samples. In: Chandra, G. (eds) Organosilicon Materials. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 3 / 3H. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68331-5_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68331-5_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-14822-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-68331-5

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