Summary
We investigate the adaptation of the time headways in car-following models as a function of the local velocity variance, which is a measure of the inhomogeneity of traffic flows. We apply our meta-model to several car-following models and simulate traffic breakdowns in open systems with an on-ramp bottleneck. Single-vehicle data generated by ‘virtual detectors’ show a semi-quantitative agreement with microscopic data from the Dutch freeway A9. This includes the observed distributions of the net time headways and times-to-collisions for free and congested traffic, and the velocity variance as a function of traffic density. Macroscopic properties such as the observed wide scattering of flow-density data are reproduced as well, even for deterministic simulations. We explain these phenomena by a self-organized variance-driven process that leads to the spontaneous formation and decay of long-lived platoons.
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Treiber, M., Kesting, A., Helbing, D. (2007). Variance-Driven Traffic Dynamics. In: Schadschneider, A., Pöschel, T., Kühne, R., Schreckenberg, M., Wolf, D.E. (eds) Traffic and Granular Flow’05. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-47641-2_53
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-47641-2_53
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-47640-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-47641-2
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