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Development of Visceral Smooth Muscle

  • Chapter
Vertebrate Myogenesis

Part of the book series: Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation ((RESULTS,volume 38))

Abstract

The wide distribution of smooth muscle in the body is matched by patterns of development that differ in different organs. This review article deals with the origin, differentiation and growth of the smooth musculature of viscera. Only passing references will be made to the development of vascular musculature and to myoepithelial cells and myofibroblasts. The development of smooth muscle should be seen in the context of the special properties of this tissue. Smooth musculature is abundant (Table 1) and is found in all parts of the body; it performs with its contractions and its tone disparate functions, it grows while it is mechanically active, it is under the influence of local and systemic chemical factors and of mechanical factors, it produces the extracellular stroma (or matrix) that has the function of an intramuscular tendon and it adapts its growth and trophic condition to the functional demand imposed. The large assemblies of smooth muscle cells in the wall of viscera — as opposed to small groups or scattered muscle cells elsewhere in the body — undergo processes of development that consist not only in the cellular differentiation of a mesenchymal cell into a specialized contractile cell (cellular myogenesis), but also in the self-assembly and organization of the tissue, with the production of stroma and other features of supracellular organization (muscle differentiation).

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  1. Department of Anatomy, University College of London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK

    Giorgio Gabella

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  1. Institute of Anatomy II, Albert Ludwigs University Freiburg, Albertstraße 17, 79104, Freiburg, Germany

    Beate Brand-Saberi

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Gabella, G. (2002). Development of Visceral Smooth Muscle. In: Brand-Saberi, B. (eds) Vertebrate Myogenesis. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, vol 38. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45686-5_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45686-5_1

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