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The Euroschool Lectures on Physics with Exotic Beams, Vol. I pp 383–467Cite as

Nuclear Astrophysicsand Nuclei Far from Stability

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Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Physics ((LNP,volume 651))

Abstract

This lecture concentrates on nucleosynthesis processes in stellar evolution and stellar explosions, with an emphasis on the role of nuclei far from stability. A brief initial introduction is given to the physics in astrophysical plasmas which governs composition changes. We present the basic equations for thermonuclear reaction rates, nuclear reaction networks and burning processes. The required nuclear physics input is discussed for cross sections of nuclear reactions, photodisintegrations, electron and positron captures, neutrino captures, inelastic neutrino scattering, and for beta-decay half-lives. We examine the present state of uncertainties in predictions in general as well as the status of experiments far from stability. It follows a discussion of the fate of massive stars, core collapse supernova explosions (SNe II), and novae and X-ray bursts (explosive hydrogen and helium burning on accreting white dwarfs or neutron stars in binary stellar systems). We address also the production of heavy elements in the r-process up to Th, U and beyond and their possible origin from stellar explosion sites.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Physics and Astronomy, University of Aarhus, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark

    Karlheinz Langanke

  2. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland

    Friedrich-Karl Thielemann

  3. Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA

    Michael Wiescher

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Langanke, K., Thielemann, FK., Wiescher, M. Nuclear Astrophysicsand Nuclei Far from Stability. In: Al-Khalili, J., Roeckl, E. (eds) The Euroschool Lectures on Physics with Exotic Beams, Vol. I. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 651. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-44490-9_11

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