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The Natural Environment and the Biogeochemical Cycles pp 1–27Cite as

The Cycles of Copper, Silver and Gold

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Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC1,volume 1 / 1D))

Summary

Concentrations of copper, silver and gold in rocks, and the types of minerals in which these elements occur, are briefly reviewed. Natural dissolution processes are mostly speculative. Concentrations of copper and gold in natural waters, but not those of silver, are fairly well known. The concentrations of copper in the ocean varies consistently with depth, but measurements of silver and gold are too difficult to establish a concentration profile. The main species present in natural waters are uncertain but may be humates. All three elements are enriched with respect to aluminium in aerosols, and a marine source is suspected. Concentrations in soils are known but the chemical species present are not. Marked biochemical accumulation of these elements is rare. The masses of the elements in the main environmental reservoirs can be estimated, but the fluxes between the reservoirs need further study. Recent industrial perturbations of these fluxes have caused global contamination of the atmosphere and local contamination of rivers, estuaries, lake sediments and soils. Biological effects of copper contamination of the environment are rare.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 2AD, UK

    H. J. M. Bowen

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© 1985 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Bowen, H.J.M. (1985). The Cycles of Copper, Silver and Gold. In: The Natural Environment and the Biogeochemical Cycles. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 1 / 1D. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39209-5_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-39209-5_1

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