Skip to main content

Penile Scar and Fibrosis

  • Chapter
Color Doppler US of the Penis

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Diagn Imaging))

  • 1683 Accesses

Abstract

The corpora cavernosa consist of smooth muscle cells, loose areolar tissue, blood vessels, nerves and collagen fibers. All these components play a role in the complex physiologic event of erection, together with endocrinal, vascular, neural and psychogenic factors (Jevtich et al. 1990).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abrahamy R, Leiter E (1980) Post-traumatic segmental corpus cavernosum fibrosis: the diagnostic value of cavernosography and the surgical correction by cavernosum-cavernosum shunt. J Urol 123:289–290

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aversa A, Proietti M, Bruzziches R et al (2006) The penile vasculature in systemic sclerosis: A duplex ultrasound study. J Sex Med 3:554–558

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Basar M, Sargon MF, Basar H et al (1998) Electron microscopic findings of penile tissues in veno-occlusive dysfunction: is penile biopsy necessary? Int Urol Nephrol 30:331–338

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Basar M, Tekdogan UY, Yilmaz E et al (2001) The efficacy of sildenafil in different etiologies of erectile dysfunction. Int Urol Nephrol 32:403–407

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bertolotto M, Pozzi Mucelli R (2004) Non-penetrating penile traumas: sonographic and Doppler features. AJR Am J Roentgenol 183:1085–1089

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bertolotto M, Quaia E, Pozzi Mucelli F et al (2003) Color Doppler imaging of posttraumatic priapism before and after selective embolization. Radiographics 23:495–503

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Border WA, Noble NA (1994) Transforming growth factor beta in tissue fibrosis. N Engl J Med 331:1286–1292

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brant WO, Bella AJ, Garcia MM et al (2007) Isolated septal fibrosis or hematoma-atypical Peyronie’s disease? J Urol 177:179–182; discussion 183

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chew KK, Stuckey BG, Earle CM et al (1997) Penile fibrosis in intracavernosal prostaglandin E1 injection therapy for erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 9:225–229; discussion 229–230

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dahiya R, Chui R, Perinchery G et al (1999) Differential gene expression of growth factors in young and old rat penile tissues is associated with erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 11:201–206

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El-Bahnasawy MS, Dawood A, Farouk A (2002) Low-flow priapism: risk factors for erectile dysfunction. BJU Int 89:285–290

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferrini MG, Davila HH, Kovanecz I et al (2006) Vardenafil prevents fibrosis and loss of corporal smooth muscle that occurs after bilateral cavernosal nerve resection in the rat. Urology 68:429–435

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fisch BM, Pickett B, Weinberg V, Roach M (2001) Dose of radiation received by the bulb of the penis correlates with risk of impotence after three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Urology 57:955–959

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghanem H, Ghazy S, El-Meliegy A (2000) Corporeal counter incisions: a simplified approach to penile prosthesis implantation in fibrotic cases. Int J Impot Res 12:153–156

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hakim LS, Kulaksizoglu H, Mulligan R et al (1996) Evolving concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of arterial high flow priapism. J Urol 155:541–548

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hatzichristou DG, Saenz de Tejada I, Kupferman S et al (1995) In vivo assessment of trabecular smooth muscle tone, its application in pharmaco-cavernosometry and analysis of intracavernous pressure determinants. J Urol 153:1126–1135

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Horger DC, Wingo MS, Keane TE (2005) Partial segmental thrombosis of corpus cavernosum: case report and review of world literature. Urology 66:194

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Iacono F, Giannella R, Somma P et al (2005) Histological alterations in cavernous tissue after radical prostatectomy. J Urol 173:1673–1676

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jevtich MJ, Khawand NY, Vidic B (1990) Clinical significance of ultrastructural findings in the corpora cavernosa of normal and impotent men. J Urol 143:289–293

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lin JS, Lin YM, Chow NH et al (2000) Novel image analysis of corpus cavernous tissue in impotent men. Urology 55:252–256

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lotfi MA, Varga J, Hirsch IH (1995) Erectile dysfunction in systemic sclerosis. Urology 45:879–881

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mireku-Boateng AO, Nwokeji C (2004) Sequelae of parenteral drug abuse involving the external genitalia. Urol Int 73:302–304

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moemen MN, Hamed HA, Kamel II et al (2004) Clinical and sonographic assessment of the side effects of intracavernous injection of vasoactive substances. Int J Impot Res 16:143–145

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Montague DK, Angermeier KW (2006) Corporeal excavation: new technique for penile prosthesis implantation in men with severe corporeal fibrosis. Urology 67:1072–1075

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Montorsi F, Guazzoni G, Strambi LF et al (1997) Recovery of spontaneous erectile function after nerve-sparing radical retropubic prostatectomy with and without early intracavernous injections of alprostadil: results of a prospective, randomized trial. J Urol 158:1408–1410

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moon DG, Lee KC, Kim YW et al (2004) Effect of TCDD on corpus cavernosum histology and smooth muscle physiology. Int J Impot Res 16:224–230

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moreland RB (1998) Is there a role of hypoxemia in penile fibrosis: a viewpoint presented to the Society for the Study of Impotence. Int J Impot Res 10:113–120

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moreland RB, Watkins MT, Nehra A et al (1998) Oxygen tension modulates transforming growth factor β1 expression and PGE productionin human corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells. Mol Urol 2:41–47

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mumtaz FH, Khan MA, Mikhailidis DP, Morgan RJ (1998) Intracavernosal PGE1-related penile fibrosis: possible mechanisms. Int J Impot Res 10:195

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Munarriz R, Huang V, Uberoi J et al (2005) Only the nose knows: penile hemodynamic study of the perineum-saddle interface in men with erectile dysfunction utilizing bicycle saddles and seats with and without nose extensions. J Sex Med 2:612–619

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nayal W, Schwarzer U, Klotz T et al (1999) Transcutaneous penile oxygen pressure during bicycling. BJU Int 83:623–625

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pavlica P, Barozzi L (1998) Ultrasound of penile tumors and trauma. Ultrasound Quarterly 14:95–109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sattar AA, Wespes E, Schulman CC (1994) Computerized measurement of penile elastic fibres in potent and impotent men. Eur Urol 25:142–144

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarzer JU, Hofmann R (1991) Purulent corporeal cavernositis secondary to papaverine-induced priapism. J Urol 146:845–846

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwarzer U, Sommer F, Klotz T et al (2002) Cycling and penile oxygen pressure: the type of saddle matters. Eur Urol 41:139–143

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shafik A, Ahmed I, El Sibai O, Shafik AA (2006) The hypoactive corpora cavernosa with degenerative erectile dysfunction: a new syndrome. BMC Urol 6:13

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shen ZJ, Zhou XL, Lu YL, Chen ZD (2003) Effect of androgen deprivation on penile ultrastructure. Asian J Androl 5:33–36

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • User HM, Hairston JH, Zelner DJ et al (2003) Penile weight and cell subtype specific changes in a post-radical prostatectomy model of erectile dysfunction. J Urol 169:1175–1179

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Velcek D, Evans JA (1982) Cavernosography. Radiology 144:781–785

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wespes E (2000) Erectile dysfunction in the ageing man. Curr Opin Urol 10:625–628

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wespes E (2002) Smooth muscle pathology and erectile dysfunction. Int J Impot Res 14[Suppl 1]:S17–21

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wespes E, Moreira de Goes P, Sattar AA, Schulman C (1994) Objective criteria in the long-term evaluation of penile venous surgery. J Urol 152:888–890

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yaman O, Yilmaz E, Bozlu M, Anafarta K (2003) Alterations of intracorporeal structures in patients with erectile dysfunction. Urol Int 71:87–90

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bertolotto, M., Martingano, P., Ukmar, M. (2008). Penile Scar and Fibrosis. In: Bertolotto, M. (eds) Color Doppler US of the Penis. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36677-5_18

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36677-5_18

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-36676-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-36677-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics