Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Addadi L, Weiner S (1985) Interactions between acidic proteins and crystals: stereochemical requirements in biomineralization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:4110–4114
Ameye L, Hermann R, Dubois P (2000) Ultrastructure of sea urchin calcified tissues after high-pressure freezing and freeze substitution. J Struct Biol 131:116–125
Ameye L, De Becker G, Killian C, Wilt F, Kemps R, Kuypers S, Dubois P (2001) Proteins and saccharides of the sea urchin organic matrix of mineralization: characterization and localization in the spine skeleton. J Struct Biol 134:56–66
Amprino R (1955) Struttura microscopica e rinnovamento delle ossa. Atti Soc Ital Patol 4:11–68
Amprino R, Engström A (1952) Studies on X ray absorption and diffraction of bone tissue. Acta Anat 15:1–22
Anderson HC (1976) Matrix vesicles of cartilage and bone. In: Bourne GH (ed) The biochemistry and physiology of bone. Academic Press, New York, pp 135–157
Ascenzi A (1950) On the existence of bonds between ossein and inorganic bone fraction. Science 112:84–86
Ascenzi A, Chiozzotto A (1955) Electron microscopy of the bone ground substance using the pseudo-replica technique. Experientia 11:140
Ascenzi MG, Lomovtsev A (2006) Collagen orientation patterns in human secondary osteons, quantified in the radial direction by confocal microscopi. J Struct Biol 153:14–30
Bedouet L, Schuller JM, Marin F, Milet C, Lopez E, Giraud M (2001) Soluble proteins of the nacre of the giant oyster Pinctada maxima and of the abalone Haliotis tuberculata: extraction and partial analysis of nacre proteins. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 128:389–400
Beertsen W, van den Bos T (1989) Calcification of dentinal collagen by cultured rabbit periosteum: the role of alkaline phosphatase. Matrix 9:159–171
Benson SC, Wilt FH (1992) Calcification of spicules in the sea urchin embryo. In: Bonucci E (ed) Calcification in biological systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 157–178
Bevelander G, Nakahara H (1969) An electron microscope study of the formation of the nacreous layer in the shell of certain bivalve molluscs. Calcif Tissue Res 3:84–92
Bianco P (1990) Ultrastructural immunohistochemistry of noncollagenous proteins in calcified tissues. In: Bonucci E, Motta PM (eds) Ultrastructure of skeletal tissues. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, pp 63–78
Bianco P (1992) Structure and mineralization of bone. In: Bonucci E (ed) Calcification in biological systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 243–268
Bianco P, Gehron Robey P (1999) Diseases of bone and the stromal cell lineage. J Bone Miner Res 14:336–341
Bianco P, Riminucci M, Gronthos S, Robey PG (2001) Bone marrow stromal stem cells: nature, biology, and potential applications. Stem Cells 19:180–192
Bonucci E (1969) Further investigation on the organic/inorganic relationships in calcifying cartilage. Calcif Tissue Res 3:38–54
Bonucci E (1971) The locus of initial calcification in cartilage and bone. Clin Orthop Relat Res 78:108–139
Bonucci E (1984) Matrix vesicles: their role in calcification. In: Linde A (ed) Dentin and dentinogenesis. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 135–154
Bonucci E (1992) Role of collagen fibrils in calcification. In: Bonucci E (ed) Calcification in biological systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 19–39
Bonucci E (2002a) Crystal ghosts and biological mineralization: fancy spectres in an old castle, or neglected structures worthy of belief? J Bone Miner Metab 20:249–265
Bonucci E (2002b) Physiopathology of cancer metastases in bone and of the changes they induce in bone remodeling. Rend Fis Acc Lincei 13:181–246
Bonucci E, Silvestrini G, Di Grezia R (1988) The ultrastructure of the organic phase associated with the inorganic substance in calcified tissues. Clin Orthop Relat Res 233:243–261
Boskey AL (1998) Biomineralization: conflicts, challenges, and opportunities. J Cell Biochem 30/31:83–91
Boskey AL, Reddi AH (1983) Changes in lipids during matrix-induced endochondral bone formation. Calcif Tissue Int 35:549–554
Boyan BD, Schwartz Z, Swain LD, Khare A (1989) Role of lipids in calcification of cartilage. Anat Rec 224:211–219
Boyan BD, Swain LD, Everett MM, Schwartz Z (1992) Mechanisms of microbial mineralization. In: Bonucci E (ed) Calcification in biological systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 129–156
Bradley DE (1960) Replica techniques in applied electron microscopy. J R Microsc Soc 79:101–118
Butler WT (1984) Matrix macromolecules of bone and dentin. Collagen Rel Res 4:297–307
Cabrini RL (1961) Histochemistry of ossification. Int Rev Cytol 2:283–306
Caglioti V (1935) Sulla struttura delle ossa. Atti V Congresso Nazionale Chimica Pura Applicata. Rome, Associazione Italiana di Chimica, pp 320–331
Caglioti V, Ascenzi A, Santoro A (1956) Correlation of electron microscopy with X-ray diffraction and optical birefringence in the study of bone. Stockholm, Proceedings Stockholm Conference on Electron Microscopy, pp 234–237
Cameron DA (1963) The fine structure of bone and calcified cartilage. A critical review of the contribution of electron microscopy to the understanding of osteogenesis. Int Rev Cytol 11:283–306
Carlson CS, Tulli HM, Jayo MJ, Loeser RF, Tracy RP, Mann KG, Adams MR (1993) Immunolocalization of noncollagenous bone matrix proteins in lumbar vertebrae from intact and surgically menopausal cynomolgus monkeys. J Bone Miner Res 8:71–81
Carlström D (1955) X-ray crystallographic studies on apatites and calcified structures. Acta Radiol Suppl 121:1–59
Carmichael DJ, Dodd CM (1973) An investigation of the phosphoprotein of the bovine dentin matrix. Biochim Biophys Acta 317:187–192
Carneiro J, Leblond CP (1959) Role of osteoblasts and odontoblasts in secreting the collagen of bone and dentin, as shown by radioautography in mice given tritium-labelled glycine. Exp Cell Res 18:291–300
Cartier P, Picard J (1955a) La minéralisation du cartilage ossifiable. II. — Le système ATPasique du cartilage. Bull Soc Chim Biol 37:661–675
Cartier P, Picard J (1955b) La minéralisation du cartilage ossifiable. III. — Le mècanisme de la réaction ATPasique du cartilage. Bull Soc Chim Biol 37:1159–1168
Cartier P, Picard J (1955c) La minéralisation du cartilage ossifiable: IV. — La signification de la réaction ATPasique. Bull Soc Chim Biol 37:1169–1176
Cassella JP, Pereira R, Khillan JS, Prockop DJ, Garrington N, Ali SY (1994) An ultrastructural, microanalytical, and spectroscopic study of bone from a transgenic mouse with a COL1.A1 pro-alpha-1 mutation. Bone 15:611–619
Chang SR, Chiego D Jr, Clarkson BH (1996) Characterization and identification of a human dentin phosphophoryn. Calcif Tissue Int 59:149–153
Chen NX, Moe SM (2004) Vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease. Semin Nephrol 24:61–68
Chen C-C, Boskey AL, Rosenberg LC (1984) The inhibitory effect of cartilage proteoglycans on hydroxyapatite growth. Calcif Tissue Int 36:285–290
Cohen-Solal L, Lian JB, Kossiva D, Glimcher MJ (1979) Identification of organic phosphorus covalently bound to collagen and non-collagenous proteins of chicken-bone matrix. Biochem J 177:81–98
Daculsi G, Bouler J-M, LeGeros RZ (1997) Adaptive crystal formation in normal and pathological calcifications in synthetic calcium phosphate and related biomaterials. Int Rev Cytol 172:129–191
Dallemagne MJ (1951) L’os et les mécanismes de sa formation. Les phosphates de calcium, la biochimie de l’ossification et la composition de l’os. J Physiol 43:425–515
Dallemagne MJ, Brasseur H (1942) La diffraction des rayons X par la substance minérale osseuse. Bull Soc R Sci Liége 8/9:1–19
Dallemagne MJ, Melon J (1946) Nouvelles recherches relatives aux propriétés optique de l’os: la biréfringencede l’os minéralisé; relations entre les fractions organiques et inorganique de l’os. J Washington Acad Sci 36:181–195
Dawson JM (1946) X-ray diffraction pattern of bone: evidence of reflexions due to the organic constituent. Nature 157:660–661
de Ricqlès A, Meunier FJ, Castanet J, Francillon-Vieillot H (1991) Comparative microstructure of bone. In: Hall BK (ed) Bone, vol. 3: Bone matrix and bone specific products. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 1–78
deJong WF (1926) La substance minérale dans les os. Rec Trav Chim 45:445–446
Delany AM, Amling M, Priemel M, Howe C, Baron R, Canalis E (2000) Osteopenia and decreased bone formation in osteonectin-deficient mice. J Clin Invest 105:915–923
Deutsch D, Catalano-Sherman J, Dafni L, David S, Palmon A (1995) Enamel matrix proteins and ameloblast biology. Connect Tissue Res 32:97–107
Dickson IR, Dimuzio MT, Volpin D, Ananthanarayanan S, Veis A (1975) The extraction of phosphoproteins from bovine dentin. Calcif Tissue Res 19:51–61
Diekwisch TGH, Ware J, Fincham AG, Zeichner-David M (1997) Immunohistochemical similarities and differences between amelogenin and tuftelin gene products during tooth development. J Histochem Cytochem 45:859–866
DiStefano V, Neuman WF, Rouser G (1953) The isolation of a phosphate ester from calcifiable cartilage. Arch Biochem Biophys 47:218–220
Dunglas C, Septier D, Paine ML, Zhu DH, Snead ML, Goldberg M (2002) Ultrastructure of forming enamel in mouse bearing a transgene that disrupts the amelogenin self-assembly domains. Calcif Tissue Int 71:155–166
Dziak R (1992) Role of lipids in osteogenesis: cell signaling and matrix calcification. In: Bonucci E (ed) Calcification in biological systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 59–71
Dziewiatkowski DD, Di Ferrante N, Bronner F, Okinaka G (1957) Turnover of S35-sulfate in epiphyses and diaphyses of suckling rats. Nature of the S36-labelled compounds. J Exp Med 106:509–524
Eanes ED (1992) Dynamics of calcium phosphate precipitation. In: Bonucci E (ed) Calcification in biological systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 1–17
Elliott JC (1973) The problems of the composition and structure of the mineral components of the hard tissues. Clin Orthop Relat Res 93:313–345
Engfeldt B, Reinholt FP (1992) Structure and calcification of epiphyseal growth cartilage. In: Bonucci E (ed) Calcification in biological systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 217–241
Ennever J, Creamer H (1967) Microbiological calcification: bone mineral and bacteria. Calcif Tissue Res 1:87–93
Fincham AG, Moradian-Oldak J, Simmer JP (1999) The structural biology of the developing dental enamel matrix. J Struct Biol 126:270–299
Fitton Jackson S (1960) Fibrogenesis and the formation of matrix. In: Rodahl K, Nicholson JT, Brown EM (eds) Bone as a tissue. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, pp 165–185
Frank RM (1970) Autoradiographie quantitative de l’amélogenèse en microscopie électronoque a l’aide de la proline tritiée chez le chat. Arch Oral Biol 15:569–581
Freudenberg E, György P (1923) III. Der Verkalkungsvorgang bei der Entwicklung des Knochens. Ergebn inn Med 24:17–28
Glimcher MJ (1959) Molecular biology of mineralized tissues with particular reference to bone. Rev Mod Phys 31:359–393
Glimcher MJ (1976) Composition, structure, and organization of bone and other mineralized tissues and the mechanism of calcification. In: Greep RO, Astwood EB (eds) Handbook of physiology: Endocrinology. American Physiological Society, Washington, pp 25–116
Glimcher MJ (1989) Mechanism of calcification: role of collagen fibrils and collagen-phosphoprotein complexes in vitro and in vivo. Anat Rec 224:139–153
Glimcher MJ (1990) The nature of the mineral component of bone and the mechanism of calcification. In: Avioli LV, Krane SM (eds) Metabolic bone disease and clinically related disorders. W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, pp 42–68
Glimcher MJ (1992) The nature of the mineral component of bone and the mechanism of calcification. In: Coe FL, Favus MJ (eds) Disorders of bone and mineral metabolism. Raven Press, New York, pp 265–286
Glimcher MJ, Krane SM (1968) The organization and structure of bone, and the mechanism of calcification. In: Gould BS (ed) Biology of collagen. Academic Press, London, pp 67–251
Glimcher MJ, Brickley-Parsons D, Levine PT (1977) Studies of enamel proteins during maturation. Calcif Tissue Res 24:259–270
Goldberg M, Septier D, Lécolle S, Chardin H, Quintana MA, Acevedo AC, Gafni G, Dillouya D, Vermelin L, Thonemann B, Schmalz G, Bissila-Mapahou P, Carreau JP (1995) Dental mineralization. Int J Dev Biol 39:93–110
Gomez S (2002) Crisóstomo MartÃnez, 1638–1694. The discovery of trabecular bone. Endocrine 17:3–4
Gowen M (1992) Cytokines and bone metabolism. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Gowen M (1994) Cytokines and cellular interactions in the control of bone remodeling. In: Heersche JNM, Kanis JA (eds) Bone and mineral research/8. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 77–114
Grégoire C (1957) Topography of the organic components in mother-of-pearl. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 3:797–806
Gutman AB, Yu TF (1950) A concept of the role of enzymes in endochondral calcification. In: Reifenstein EC (ed) Metabolic interrelations. Josiah Macy Jr Foundation, New York, pp 167–190
Harris HA (1932) Glycogen in cartilage. Nature (London) 130:996–997
Hirschman A, Dziewiatkowski DD (1966) Protein-polysaccharide loss during endochondral ossification: immunochemical evidence. Science 154:393–395
Höhling HJ, Barckhaus RH, Krefting E-R, Althoff J, Quint P (1990) Collagen mineralization: aspects of the structural relationship between collagen and the apatitic crystallites. In: Bonucci E, Motta PM (eds) Ultrastructure of skeletal tissues. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, pp 41–62
Hoshi K, Ejiri S, Ozawa H (2000) Ultrastructural, cytochemical, and biophysical aspects of mechanisms of bone matrix calcification. Acta Anat Nippon 75:457–465
Hunter GK (1991) Role of proteoglycan in the provisional calcification of cartilage. A review and reinterpretation. Clin Orthop Relat Res 262:256–280
Hunter GK (1992) In vitro studies on matrix-mediated mineralization. In: Hall BK (ed) Bone, volume 4: Bone metabolism and mineralization. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 225–247
Hunziker EB, Herrmann W (1990) Ultrastructure of cartilage. In: Bonucci E, Motta PM (eds) Ultrastructure of skeletal tissues. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, pp 79–109
Inaoka T, Lean JM, Bessho T, Chow JWM, Mackay A, Kokubo T, Chambers TJ (1995) Sequential analysis of gene expression after an osteogenic stimulus: c-fos expression is induced in osteocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 217:264–270
Ishigaki R, Takagi M, Igarashi M, Ito K (2002) Gene expression and immunohistochemical localization of osteonectin in association with early bone formation in the developing mandible. Histochem J 34:57–66
Jakoby MGIV, Semenkovich CF (2000) The role of osteoprogenitors in vascular calcification. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 9:11–15
Karg HA, Burger EH, Lyaruu DM, Wöltgens JHM, Bronckers ALJJ (1997) Gene expression and immunolocalisation of amelogenins in developing embryonic and neonatal hamster teeth. Cell Tissue Res 288:545–555
Kay MI, Young RA, Posner AS (1964) Crystal structure of hydroxyapatite. Nature 204: 1050–1052
Kellenberger E, Rouiller C (1950) Die Knochenstruktur, untersucht mit dem Elektronenmikroskop. Schweiz Z Allg Pathol Bakteriol 13:783–788
Kergosien N, Sautier J-M, Forest N (1998) Gene and protein expression during differentiation and matrix mineralization in a chondrocyte cell culture system. Calcif Tissue Int 62: 114–121
Kobayashi S (1971) Acid mucopolysaccharides in calcified tissues. Int Rev Cytol 30: 257–371
Lacroix P (1960) Ca45 autoradiography in the study of bone tissue. In: Rodahl K, Nicholson JT, Brown EM (eds) Bone as a tissue. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp 262–279
Leblond CP, Warshawsky H (1979) Dynamic of enamel formation in the rat incisor tooth. J Dent Res 58:950–975
Leblond CP, Lacroix P, Ponlot R, Dhem A (1959) Les stades initiaux de l’ostéogenèse. Nouvelles données histochimique et autoradiographiques. Bull Acad R Med Belg 24: 421–443
Levi-Kalisman Y, Falini G, Addadi L, Weiner S (2001) Structure of the nacreous organic matrix of a bivalve mollusk shell examined in the hydrated state using cryo-TEM. J Struct Biol 135:8–17
Linde A (1992) Structure and calcification of dentin. In: Bonucci E (ed) Calcification in biological systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 269–311
Linquist B, Budy AM, McLean FC, Howard JL (1960) Skeletal metabolism in estrogen-treated rats studied by means of Ca45. Endocrinology 66:100–111
Lohmander S (1976) Proteoglycans of hyaline cartilage. Thesis. Karolinska Institute
Lohmander S, Hjerpe A (1975) Proteoglycans of mineralizing rib and epiphyseal cartilage. Biochim Biophys Acta 404:93–109
Lowenstam HA (1981) Minerals formed by organisms. Science 211:1126–1131
Majno G, Rouiller C (1951) Die alkalische Phosphatase in der Biologie des Knochengewebes. Histochemische Untersuchungen. Virchows Arch 321:1–61
Marie PJ (2001) Cellular and molecular basis of fibrous dysplasia. Histol Histopathol 16: 981–988
McKee MD, Nanci A (1995) Postembedding colloidal-gold immunocytochemistry of noncollagenous extracellular matrix proteins in mineralized tissues. Microsc Res Technol 31:44–62
Nagai N, Frank RM (1974) Electron microscopic autoradiography of Ca45 during dentinogenesis. Cell Tissue Res 155:513–523
Nanci A (1999) Content and distribution of noncollagenous matrix proteins in bone and cementum: relationship to speed of formation and collagen packing density. J Struct Biol 126:256–269
Neuman WF, Neuman MW (1953) The nature of the mineral phase of bone. Chem Rev 53:1–45
Nusgens B, Chantraine A, Lapiere CM (1972) The protein in the matrix of bone. Clin Orthop Relat Res 88:252–274
Overall CM, Limeback H (1988) Identification and characterization of enamel proteinases isolated from developing enamel. Amelogeninolytic serine proteinases are associated with enamel maturation in pig. Biochem J 256:965–972
Paschalis EP, Jacenko O, Olsen B, Mendelsohn R, Boskey AL (1996) FT-IR microscopic analysis identified alterations in mineral properties in bones from mice transgenic for type X collagen. Bone 18:151–156
Pautard FGE (1970) Calcification in unicellular organisms. In: Schraer H (ed) Biological calcification: cellular and molecular aspects. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, pp 105–201
Picard J, Cartier P (1956a) La minéralisation du cartilage ossifiable. V. — Glycolyse et glycogénolyse du cartilage. Bull Soc Chim Biol 38:697–706
Picard J, Cartier P (1956b) La minéralisation du cartilage ossifiable. VI. — Influence des phosphodérivés du catabolisme glucidique sur le métabolisme et la minéralisation du cartilage. Bull Soc Chim Biol 38:707–715
Posner AS (1960) The nature of the inorganic phase in calcified tissues. In: Sognnaes RF (ed) Calcification in biological systems. Am Assoc Adv Sci, Washington, pp 373–394
Posner AS (1969) Crystal chemistry of bone mineral. Physiol Rev 49:760–792
Posner AS (1987) Bone mineral and the mineralization process. In: Peck WA (ed) Bone and mineral research 5. Elsevier Science Publisher, Amsterdam, pp 65–116
Posner AS, Perloff A, Diorio AF (1958) Refinement of the hydroxyapatite structure. Acta Crystallogr 11:308–309
Posner AS, Betts F, Blumenthal NC (1978) Properties of nucleating systems. Metab Bone Dis Rel Res 1:179–183
Prince CW, Oosawa T, Butler WT, Tomana M, Bhown AS, Bhown M, Schrohenloher RE (1987) Isolation, characterization, and biosynthesis of a phosphorylated glycoprotein from rat bone. J Biol Chem 262:2900–2907
Pritchard JJ (1952) A cytological and histochemical study of bone and cartilage formation in the rat. J Anat 86:259–277
Reith EJ, Cotty VF (1962) Autoradiographic studies on calcification of enamel. Arch Oral Biol 7:365–372
Riminucci M, Silvestrini G, Bonucci E, Fisher LW, Gehron Robey P, Bianco P (1995) The anatomy of bone sialoprotein immunoreactive sites in bone as revealed by combined ultrastructural histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Calcif Tissue Int 57:277–284
Riminucci M, Fisher LW, Shenker A, Spiegel AM, Bianco P, Gehron Robey P (1997) Fibrous dysplasia of bone in the McCune-Albright syndrome. Abnormalities in bone formation. Am J Pathol 151:1587–1600
Rittling SR, Denhardt DT (1999) Osteopontin function in pathology: lessons from osteopontin-deficient mice. Exp Nephrol 7:103–113
Robey PG (1992) Cell-mediated calcification in vitro. In: Bonucci E (ed) Calcification in biological systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 107–127
Robey PG (1996) Vertebrate mineralized matrix proteins: structure and function. Connect Tissue Res 35:131–136
Robinson C, Brookes SJ, Shore RC, Kirkham J (1998) The developing enamel matrix: nature and function. Eur J Oral Sci 106:282–291
Robinson RA (1952) An electron-microscopic study of the crystalline inorganic component of bone and its relationship to the organic matrix. J Bone Joint Surg 34A:389–434
Robinson RA, Watson ML (1952) Collagen-crystal relationships in bone as seen in the electron microscope. Anat Rec 114:383–409
Robison R (1923) The possible significance of hexosephosphoric esters in ossification. Biochem J 17:286–293
Robison R, Rosenheim AH (1934) Calcification of hypertrophic cartilage in vitro. Biochem J 28:684–698
Rönnholm E (1962) The amelogenesis of human teeth as revealed by electron microscopy II. The development of enamel crystallites. J Ultrastruct Res 6:249–303
Rouiller C, Huber L, Rutishauser E (1952) La structure de la dentine. Étude comparée de l’os et de l’ivoire au microscope électronique. Acta Anat 16:16–28
Rutishauser E, Huber L, Kellenberger E, Majno G, Rouiller C (1950) Étude de la structure de l’os au microscope électronique. Arch Sci 3:175–180
Saleuddin ASM (1971) Fine structure of normal and regenerated shell of Helix. Can J Zoo 49:37–41
Schajowicz F, Cabrini RL (1958) Histochemical studies on glycogen in normal ossification and calcification. J Bone Joint Surg 40A:1081–1092
Sela J, Schwartz Z, Swain LD, Boyan BD (1992) The role of matrix vesicles in calcification. In: Bonucci E (ed) Calcification in biological systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 73–105
Sendroy J Jr, Hastings AB (1927) Studies on the solubility of calcium salts: III. The solubility of calcium carbonate and tertiary calcium phosphate under various conditions. J Biol Chem 71:797–846
Simkiss K (1976) Cellular aspects of calcification. In: Watabe N, Wilbur KM (eds) The mechanisms of mineralization in invertebrates and plants. The University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, SC, pp 1–31
Smith CE, Nanci A (1996) Protein dynamics of amelogenesis. Anat Rec 245:186–207
Snead ML, Paine ML, Luo W, Zhu D-H, Yoshida B, Ley Y-P, Chen L-S, Paine CT, Burstein JM, Jitpukdeebudintra S, White SN, Bringas P Jr (1998) Transgene animal model for protein expression and accumulation into forming enamel. Connect Tissue Res 38:279–286
Sobel AE (1955) Local factors in the mechanism of calcification. Ann NY Acad Sci 60:713–731
Sobel AE, Burger M (1954) Calcification XIV. Investigation of the role of chondroitin sulfate in the calcifying mechanism. Proc Soc Exper Biol Med 87:7–13
Sobel AE, Burger M, Deane BC, Albaum HG, Cost K (1957) Calcification XVIII. Lack of correlation between calcification in vitro and glycolytic enzymes. Proc Soc Exper Biol Med 96:32–39
Takagi M, Parmley RT, Toda Y, Austin RL (1982) Ultrastructural cytochemistry and immunocytochemistry of sulfated glycosamiglycans in epiphyseal cartilage. J Histochem Cytochem 30:1179–1185
Taves DR (1965) Mechanisms of calcification. Clin Orthop Relat Res 42:207–220
Termine JD, Belcourt AB, Conn KM, Kleinman HK (1981) Mineral and collagen-binding proteins of fetal calf bone. J Biol Chem 256:10403–10408
Tintut Y, Demer LL (2001) Recent advances in multifactorial regulation of vascular calcification. Curr Opin Lipidol 12:555–560
Towe KM, Cifelli R (1967) Wall ultrastructure in the calcareous foraminifera: crystallographic aspects and a model for calcification. J Paleontol 41:742–762
Travis DF (1970) The comparative ultrastructure and organization of five calcified tissues. In: Schraer H (ed) Biological calcification: cellular and molecular aspects. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, pp 203–311
Uchiyama A, Suzuki M, Lefteriou B, Glimcher MJ (1986) Isolation and chemical characterization of the phosphoproteins of chicken bone matrix: heterogeneity in molecular weight and composition. Biochemistry 25:7572–7583
Urist MR (1966) Origins of current ideas about calcification. Clin Orthop Relat Res 44:13–39
Veis A, Spector AR, Zamoscianyk H (1972) The isolation of an EDTA-soluble phosphoprotein from mineralizing bovine dentin. Biochim Biophys Acta 257:404–413
Vincent J, Haumont G (1960) Identification autoradiographique des ostéones métaboliques après administration de Ca45. Rev Franç Clin Biol 5:348–358
Wadkins CL, Luben R, Thomas M, Humphreys R (1974) Physical biochemistry of calcification. Clin Orthop Relat Res 99:246–266
Waldman J (1948) Calcification of hypertrophic epiphyseal cartilage in vitro following inactivation of phosphatase and other enzymes. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 69:262–263
Warshawsky H (1989) Organization of crystals in enamel. Anat Rec 224:242–262
Weidmann SM (1963) Calcification of skeletal tissues. Int Rev Connect Tiss Res 1:339–377
Weiner S, Addadi L (2002) At the cutting edge. Science 298:375–376
Weiner S, Traub W (1984) Macromolecules in mollusc shells and their function in biomineralization. Phil Trans R Soc London 304B:425–434
Wheeler AP (1992) Mechanisms of molluscan shell formation. In: Bonucci E (ed) Calcification in biological systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 179–216
Wilt FH (1999) Matrix and mineral in the sea urchin larval skeleton. J Struct Biol 126:216–226
Wilt FH, Killian CE, Livingston BT (2003) Development of calcareous skeletal elements in invertebrates. Differentiation 71:237–250
Wuthier RE (1973) The role of phospholipids in biological calcification: distribution of phospholipase activity in calcifying epiphyseal cartilage. Clin Orthop Relat Res 90: 191–200
Xu T, Bianco P, Fisher LW, Longenecker G, Smith E, Goldstein S, Bonadio J, Boskey A, Heegaard A-M, Sommer B, Satomura K, Dominguez P, Zhao C, Kulkarni AB, Gehron Robey P, Young MF (1998) Targeted disruption of the biglycan gene leads to an osteoporosis-like phenotype in mice. Nat Genet 20:78–82
Young JR, Davis SA, Bown PR, Mann S (1999) Coccolith ultrastructure and biomineralisation. J Struct Biol 126:195–215
Zipkin I (1970) The inorganic composition of bones and teeth. In: Schraer H (ed) Biological calcification: cellular and molecular aspects. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York, pp 69–103
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
(2007). Historical Notes. In: Biological Calcification. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36013-1_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36013-1_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-36012-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-36013-1
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)