Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Ferroelectric Size Effects

  • Chapter
Physics of Ferroelectrics

Part of the book series: Topics in Applied Physics ((TAP,volume 105))

Abstract

In this chapter, we have reviewed, with a focus on our own efforts, the history, current and future perspectives on the problem of ferroelectric size effects. This past decade has seen an explosion of activity in the field of nanoscale ferroelectrics, with a broad spectrum of novel and artificial materials explored, and a huge potential for new discoveries and novel applications and devices. It is safe to say that although we are at present building a solid understanding of the fundamental driving force for ferroelectric size effects, we can expect some new and fascinating physics to manifest itself as we continue to push the envelope in this exciting and rapidly developing area.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 299.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • V. Skumryev, S. Stoyanov, Y. Zhang, G. Hadjipanayis, D. Givord, J. Nogues: Beating the superparamagnetic limit with exchange bias, Nature 423, 850–853 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A. Ruediger, T. Schneller, A. Roelofs, S. Tiedke, T. Schmitz, R. Waser: Nanosize ferroelectric oxides – tracking down the superparaelectric limit, Appl. Phys. A 80, 1247–1255 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • P. Ghosez, J. Junquera: First-principles modeling of ferroelectric oxide nanostructures, in M. Rieth, W. Schommers (Eds.): Nanocomposites, Nano-Assemblies, and Nanosurfaces, vol. 9, Handbook of Theoretical and Computational Nanotechnology (American Scientific Publishers, Stevenson Ranch 2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • R. Kretschmer, K. Binder: Surface effects on phase transitions in ferroelectrics and dipolar magnets, Phys. Rev. B 20, 1065–1076 (1979)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • D. R. Tilley, B. Zeks: Landau theory of phase transitions in thick films, Solid State Commun. 49, 823 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S. Li, J. A. Eastman, Z. Li, C. M. Foster, R. E. Newnham, L. E. Cross: Size effects in nanostructures ferroelectrics, Phys. Lett. A 212, 341–346 (1996)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S. Li, J. A. Eastman, J. M. Vetrone, C. M. Foster, R. E. Newnham, L. E. Cross: Dimension and size effects in ferroelectrics, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 36, 5169–5174 (1997)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A. E. Feuersanger, P. Lublin: Electrical properties and structure of barium titanate films, J. Electrochem. Soc. 110, C192 (1963)

    Google Scholar 

  • A. E. Feuersanger, A. K. Hagenlocher, A. L. Solomon: Preparation and properties of thin barium titanate films, J. Electrochem. Soc. 111, 1387–1391 (1964)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J. R. Slack, J. C. Burfoot: Electrical properties of flash evaporated ferroelectric BaTiO3 thin films, J. Phys. C 4, 898–909 (1971)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Y. Y. Tomashpolski: Structure studies of ferroelectric vacuum deposits, Ferroelectrics 7, 253–255 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Y. Y. Tomashpolski, M. A. Sevostia, M. V. Pentegov: Ferroelectric vacuum deposits of complex oxide type structure, Ferroelectrics 7, 257–258 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Y. Y. Tomashpolski, M. A. Sevostia: Structure of barium-titanate films produced by vacuum evaporation, Kristallografija 19, 1040 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Y. Y. Tomashpolski, M. A. Sevostia: Ferroelectric nucleus in barium-titanate, Fiz. Tverd. Tela 16, 2689–2692 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • A. V. Bune, V. M. Fridkin, S. Ducharme, L. M. Blinov, S. P. Palto, A. V. Sorokin, S. G. Yudin, A. Zlatkin: Two-dimensional ferroelectric films, Nature (London) 391, 874–877 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T. Tybell, C. H. Ahn, J.-M. Triscone: Ferroelectricity in thin perovskite films, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 856–858 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S. K. Streiffer, J. A. Eastman, D. D. Fong, C. Thompson, A. Munkholm, M. V. {Ramana Murty}, O. Auciello, G. R. Bai, G. B. Stephenson: Observation of nanoscale 180 stripe domains in ferroelectric PbTiO3 thin films, Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 067601 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • D. D. Fong, G. B. Stephenson, S. K. Streiffer, J. A. Eastman, O. Auciello, P. H. Fuoss, C. Thompson: Ferroelectricity in ultrathin perovskite films, Science 304, 1650–1653 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • W. Känzig: Space charge layer near the surface of a ferroelectric, Phys. Rev. 98, 549 (1955)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • I. K. Yoo, S. B. Desu: Mechanism of fatigue in ferroelectric thin films, Phys. Sat. Sol. A 133, 565 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • M. Dawber, J. F. Scott: A model for fatigue in ferroelectric perovskite thin films, Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 1060–1062 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • V. C. Lo: Modeling the role of oxygen vacancy on ferroelectric properties in thin films, J. Appl. Phys. 92, 6778–6786 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • P. K. Larsen, G. J. M. Dormans, D. J. Taylor, P. J. van Veldhoven: Ferroelectric properties and fatigue of {P}b{Z}r0.51{T}i0.49{O}3 thin films of varying thickness: Blocking layer model, J. Appl. Phys. 76, 2405–2413 (1994)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S. L. Miller, R. D. Nasby, J. R. Schwank, M. S. Rodgers, P. V. Dressendorfer: Device modeling of ferroelectric capacitors, J. Appl. Phys. 68, 6463–6471 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. K. Tagantsev, M. Landivar, E. Colla, N. Setter: Identification of passive layer in ferroelectric thin films from their switching parameters, J. Appl. Phys. 78, 2623–2630 (1995)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • N. I. Lebedev, A. S. Sigov: Surface inhomogeneties and coercive field of thin ferroelectric film, Integr. Ferroelectr. 4, 21 (1994)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A. K. Tagantsev: Size effects in polarization switching in ferroelectric thin films, Integr. Ferroelectr. 16, 237 (1997)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O. G. Vendik, S. P. Zubko: Ferroelectric phase transition and maximum dielectric permittivity of displacement type ferroelectrics ({B}a_{\bf x}{S}r1 - {\bf x}{T}i{O}3), J. Appl. Phys. 88, 5343–5350 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A. Lookman, R. M. Bowman, J. M. Gregg, J. Kut, S. Rios, M. Dawber, A. Ruediger, J. F. Scott: Thickness independence of true phase transition temperatures in barium strontium titanate films, J. Appl. Phys. 96, 555–562 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M. Dawber, K. M. Rabe, J. F. Scott: Physics of thin ferroelectric oxides, Rev. Mod. Phys. 77, 1083–1130 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • P. Ghosez, K. M. Rabe: Microscopic model of ferroelectricity in stress-free PbTiO3 ultrathin films, Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 2767–2769 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • B. Meyer, D. Vanderbilt: Ab-initio study of BaTiO3 and PbTiO3 surfaces in external electric fields, Phys. Rev. B 63, 205426 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J. Junquera, P. Ghosez: Critical thickness for ferroelectricity in perovskite ultrathin films, Nature (London) 422, 506–509 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • R. R. Mehta, B. D. Silverman, J. T. Jacobs: Depolarization fields in thin ferroelectric films, J. Appl. Phys. 44, 3379–3385 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • I. P. Batra, P. Wurfel, B. D. Silverman: Depolarization field and stability considerations in thin ferroelectric films, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 10, 687–692 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J. Junquera, K. M. Rabe, P. Ghosez: Effects of the depolarizing fields in perovskite ultrathin films (2003), unpublished

    Google Scholar 

  • M. Dawber, P. Chandra, P. B. Littlewood, J. F. Scott: Depolarization corrections to the coercive field in thin-film ferroelectrics, J. Phys. Condens. Matter 15, L393–L398 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • D. D. Fong, A. M. Kolpak, J. A. Eastman, S. K. Streiffer, P. H. Fuoss, G. B. Stephenson, C. Thompson, D. M. Kim, K. J. Choi, C. B. Eom, I. Grinberg, A. M. Rappe: Stabilization of monodomain polarization in ultrathin PbTiO3 films, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 1–4 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C. Lichtensteiger, J.-M. Triscone, J. Junquera, P. Ghosez: Ferroelectricity and tetragonality in ultrathin PbTiO3 films, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 047603 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • L. Despont, C. Lichtensteiger, C. Koitzsch, F. Clerc, M. G. Garnier, F. J. {Garcia de Abajo}, E. Bousquet, P. Ghosez, J.-M. Triscone, P. Aebi: Direct evidence for ferroelectric polar distortion in ultrathin lead titanate perovskite films, Phys. Rev. B 73, 094110 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • L. Despont, C. Lichtensteiger, F. Clerc, M. G. Garnier, F. J. {Garcia de Abajo}, M. A. {Van Hove}, J.-M. Triscone, P. Aebi: X-ray photoelectron diffraction study of ultrathin PbTiO3 films, Eur. Phys. J. B 49, 141–146 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C. B. Eom, J. Z. Sun, B. M. Lairson, S. K. Streiffer, A. F. Marshall, K. Yamamoto, S. M. Anlage, J. C. Bravman, T. H. Geballe, S. S. Laderman, R. C. Taber, R. D. Jacowitz: Synthesis and properties of O7 thin films grown in situ by \unit{90}{\degree} off-axis single magnetron sputtering, Physica C 171, 354–383 (1990)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C. Lichtensteiger, J.-M. Triscone: Investigation of ferroelectricity in ultrathin PbTiO3 films, Integr. Ferroelectr. 61, 143–148 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T. Tybell, C. H. Ahn, J.-M. Triscone: Control and imaging of ferroelectric domains over large areas with nanometer resolution in atomically smooth epitaxial Pb(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 thin films, Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 1454–1456 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A. K. {Sarin Kumar}, P. Paruch, D. Marr\'e, L. Pellegrino, T. Tybell, S. Ballandras, J.-M. Triscone: A novel high frequency surface acoustic wave device based on piezoelectric interdigital transducers, Ferroelectrics 63, 55–62 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • R. J. Nelmes, W. F. Kuhs: The crystal structure of tetragonal PbTiO3 at room temperature and at \unit{700}{\kelvin}, Solid State Commun. 54, 721–723 (1985)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J. Joseph, T. M. Vimala, V. Sivasubramanian, V. R. K. Murthy: Structural investigations on Pb(Zrx}Ti1-x)O3 solid solutions using the {X}-ray {R}ietveld method, J. Mater. Sci. 35, 1571–1575 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • U. V. Waghmare, K. M. Rabe: Ab initio statistical mechanics of the ferroelectric phase transition in PbTiO3, Phys. Rev. B 55, 6161–6173 (1997)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A. G. Zembilgotov, N. A. Pertsev, H. Kohlstedt, R. Waser: Ultrathin epitaxial ferroelectric films grown on compressive substrates: {C}ompetition between the surface and strain effects, J. Appl. Phys. 91, 2247–2254 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • W. F. {Egelhoff, Jr}: X-ray photoelectron and {Auger} electron forward scattering. a new tool for surface crystallography, Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater. Sci. 16, 213–235 (1990)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C. S. Fadley: Synchrotron Radiation Research: Advances in Surface Science, R. Z. Bachrach edn (Plenum, New York 1990)

    Google Scholar 

  • R. E. Cohen: Origin of ferroelectricity in perovskite oxides, Nature (London) 358, 136–138 (1992)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • F. J. {Garcia de Abajo}, M. A. {Van Hove}, C. S. Fadley: Multiple scattering of electrons in solids and molecules: {A} cluster-model approach, Phys. Rev. B 63, 075404 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J. B. Pendry: Low Energy Electron Diffraction (Academic Press, London 1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • A. Munkholm, S. K. Streiffer, M. V. {Ramana Murty}, J. A. Eastman, C. Thompson, O. Auciello, L. Thompson, J. F. Moore, G. B. Stephenson: Antiferrodistortive reconstruction of the PbTiO3 (001) surface, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 016101 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • V. Nagarajan, S. Prasertchoung, T. Zhao, H. Zheng, J. Ouyang, R. Ramesh, W. Tian, X. Q. Pan, D. M. Kim, C. B. Eom, H. Kohlstedt, R. Waser: Size effects in ultrathin epitaxial ferroelectric heterostructures, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 5225–5227 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • V. Nagarajan, J. Junquera, J. Q. He, C. L. Jia, R. Waser, K. Lee, Y. K. Kim, S. Baik, T. Zhao, R. Ramesh, P. Ghosez, K. M. Rabe: Scaling of structure and electrical properties in ultrathin epitaxial ferroelectric heterostructures, J. Appl. Phys. 100, 051609 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J. Y. Jo, Y. S. Kim, D. H. Kim, J. D. Kim, Y. J. Chang, J. H. Kong, Y. D. Park, T. K. Song, J.-G. Yoon, J. S. Jung, T. W. Noh: Thickness-dependent ferroelectric properties in fully-strained SrRuO3/BaTiO3/SrRuO3 ultra-thin capacitors, Thin Solid Films 486, 149–152 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • D. J. Kim, J. Y. Jo, Y. S. Kim, Y. J. Chang, J. S. Lee, J.-G. Yoon, T. K. Song, T. W. Noh: Polarization relaxation induced by a depolarization field in ultrathin ferroelectric {B}a{T}i{O}3 capacitors, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 237602 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • V. Janovec: On the theory of the coercive field of single-domain crystals of {B}a{T}i{O}_3, Czech. J. Phys. 8, 3 (1958)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • H. F. Kay, J. W. Dunn: Thickess dependence of nucleation field of triglycine sulphate, Philos. Mag. 7, 2027 (1962)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J. F. Scott: Ferroelectric Memories (Springer, Berlin 2000)

    Google Scholar 

  • H. K. Chan, C. H. Lam, F. G. Shin: Time-dependent space-charge-limited conduction as a possible origin of the polarization offsets observed in compositionally graded ferroelectric films, J. Appl. Phys. 95, 2665–2671 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S. Ducharme, V. M. Fridkin, A. V. Bune, S. P. Palto, L. M. Blinov, N. N. Petukhova, S. G. Yudin: Intrinsic ferroelectric coercive field, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 175–178 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • N. A. Pertsev, J. {Rodriguez Contreras}, V. G. Kukhar, B. Hermanns, H. Kohlstedt, R. Waser: Coercive field of ultrathin Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48O3) epitaxial films, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 3356–3358 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A. T. J. {van Helvoort}, O. Dahl, B. G. Soleim, R. Holmestad, T. Tybell: Imaging of out-of-plane interfacial strain in epitaxial {P}b{T}i{O}_{ 3}/{S}r{T}i{O}3 thin films, Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 092907 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • H. Tabata, H. Tanaka, T. Kawai: Formation of artificial BaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices using pulsed laser deposition and their dielectric properties, Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 1970–1972 (1994)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Y. Ishibashi, N. Ohashi, T. Tsurimi: Structural refinement of {X}-ray diffraction profile for artificial superlattices, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 39, 186–191 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • O. Nakagawara, T. Shimata, T. Makino, S. Arai, H. Tabata, T. Kawai: Epitaxial growth and dielectric properties of (111) oriented BaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices by pulsed-laser deposition, Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 3257–3259 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T. Shimuta, O. Nakagawara, T. Makino, S. Arai, H. Tabata, T. Kawai: Enhancement of remanent polarization in epitaxial BaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices with ``asymmetric'' structure, J. Appl. Phys. 91, 2290–2294 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J. B. Neaton, K. M. Rabe: Theory of polarization enhancement in epitaxial BaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices, Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 1586–1588 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • K. Johnston, X. Huang, J. B. Neaton, K. M. Rabe: First-principles study of symmetry lowering and polarization in BaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices with inplane expansion, Phys. Rev. B 71, 100103 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A. Q. Jiang, J. F. Scott, H. Lu, Z. Chen: Phase transitions and polarizations in epitaxial BaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices studied by second-harmonic generation, J. Appl. Phys. 93, 1180–1185 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S. Rios, A. Ruediger, A. Q. Jiang, J. F. Scott, H. Lu, Z. Chen: Orthorhombic strontium titanate in BaTiO3-SrTiO3 superlattices, J. Phys. Condens. Matter 15, L305 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • H.-M. Christen, L. A. Boatner, J. D. Budai, M. F. Chisholm, L. A. Gea, P. J. Marrero, D. P. Norton: The growth and properties of epitaxial {KN}b{O}3 thin films and {KN}b{O}3/{KT}a{O}3 superlattices, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 1488–1490 (1996)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J. Sigman, D. P. Norton, H. M. Christen, P. H. Fleming, L. A. Boatner: Antiferroelectric behavior in symmetric KNbO3/KTaO3 superlattices, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 097601 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M. Sepliarsky, S. R. Phillpot, D. Wolf, M. G. Stachiotti, R. L. Migoni: Ferroelectric properties of KNbO3/KTaO3 superlattices by atomic-level simulation, J. Appl. Phys. 90, 4509–4519 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M. Sepliarsky, S. R. Phillpot, M. G. Stachiotty, R. L. Migoni: Ferroelectric phase transitions and dynamical behavior in KNbO3/KTaO3 superlattices by molecular-dynamics simulation, J. Appl. Phys. 91, 3165–3171 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J. C. Jiang, X. Q. Pan, W. Tian, C. D. Theis, D. G. Schlom: Abrupt {P}b{T}i{O}3/{S}r{T}i{O}3 superlattices grown by reactive molecular beam epitaxy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 2851–2853 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • F. {Le Marrec}, R. Farhi, M. {El Marssi}, J. L. Dellis, M. G. Karkut: Ferroelectric PbTiO3/BaTiO3 superlattices: Growth anomalies and confined modes, Phys. Rev. B 61, R6447–R6450 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C. Bungaro, K. M. Rabe: Lattice instabilities of PbZrO3/PbTiO3 [1:1] superlattices from first principles, Phys. Rev. B 65, 224106 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C. Bungaro, K. M. Rabe: Epitaxially strained [001]-(PbTiO3)1(PbZrO3)1 superlattice and PbTiO3 from first principles, Phys. Rev. B 69, 184101 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M. P. Warusawithana, E. V. Colla, J. N. Eckstein, M. B. Weissman: Artificial dielectric superlattices with broken inversion symmetry, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 036802 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • H. N. Lee, H. M. Christen, M. F. Chisholm, C. M. Rouleau, D. H. Lowndes: Strong polarization enhancement in asymmetric three-component ferroelectric superlattices, Nature (London) 433, 395–399 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • D. P. Norton, B. C. Chakoumakos, J. D. Budai, D. H. Lowndes, B. C. Sales, J. R. Thompson, D. K. Christen: Superconductivity in SrCuO2-BaCuO2 superlattices: {F}ormation of artificially-layered superconducting materials, Science 265, 2074–2077 (1994)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T. Tsurumi, T. Harigai, D. Tanaka, S.-M. Nam, H. Kakemoto, S. Wada, K. Saito: Artificial ferroelectricity in perovskite superlattices, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 5016–5018 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • G. Rijnders, D. H. A. Blank: Build your own superlattice, Nature (London) 433, 369–370 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • N. Sai, B. Meyer, D. Vanderbilt: Compositional inversion symmetry breaking in ferroelectric perovskites, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5636–5639 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Y. Ogawa, H. Yamada, T. Ogasawara, T. Arima, H. Okamoto, M. Kawasaki, Y. Tokura: Nonlinear magneto-optical {Kerr} rotation of an oxide superlattice with artificially broken symmetry, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 217403 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M. Dawber, C. Lichtensteiger, M. Cantoni, M. Veithen, P. Ghosez, K. Johnston, K. M. Rabe, J.-M. Triscone: Unusual behavior of the ferroelectric polarization in {P}b{T}i{O}3/{S}r{T}i{O}3 superlattices, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 177601 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • K. Ishikawa, K. Yoshikawa, N. Okada: Size effect on the ferroelectric phase transition in PbTiO3 ultrafine particles, Phys. Rev. B 37, 5852–5855 (1988)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • B. Jiang, J. L. Peng, L. A. Bursill, W. L. Zhong: Size effects on ferroelectricity of ultrafine particles of PbTiO3, J. Appl. Phys. 87, 3462–3467 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • W. L. Zhong, B. Jiang, P. L. Zhang, J. M. Ma, H. M. Cheng, Z. H. Yang, L. X. Li: Phase transition in PbTiO3 ultrafine particles of different sizes, J. Phys. Condens. Matter 5, 2619–2624 (1993)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • K. Uchino, E. Sadanaga, T. Hirose: Dependence of the crystal structure on particle size in barium titanate, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 72, 1555 (1989)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S. Tsunekawa, S. Ito, T. Mori, K. Ishikawa, Z.-Q. Li, Y. Kawazoe: Critical size and anomalous lattice expansion in nanocrystalline BaTiO3 particles, Phys. Rev. B 62, 3065–3070 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C. Liu, B. Zou, A. J. Rondinone, Z. J. Zhang: Sol-gel synthesis of free-standing ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate nanoparticles, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 123, 4344–4345 (2001)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S. O'Brien, L. Brus, C. B. Murray: Synthesis of monodisperse nanoparticles of barium titanate: towards a generalized strategy of oxide nanoparticles synthesis, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 123, 12085–12086 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  • C. S. Ganpule, A. Stanishevsky, Q. Su, S. Aggarwal, J. Melnagilis, E. Williams, R. Ramesh: Scaling of ferroelectric properties in thin films, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 409 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C. S. Ganpule, A. Stanishevsky, S. Aggarwal, J. Melngailis, E. Williams, R. Ramesh, V. Joshi, C. {Paz de Araujo}: Scaling of ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties in Pt/{S}r{B}i2{T}a2{O}9/Pt thin films, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 3874–3876 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M. Alexe, C. Harnagea, W. Erfurth, D. Hesse, U. G\ösele: 100-nm lateral size ferroelectric memory cells fabricated by electron-beam direct writing, Appl. Phys. A 70, 247 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M. Alexe, J. F. Scott, C. Curran, N. D. Zakharov, D. Hesse, A. Pignolet: Self-patterning nano-electrodes on ferroelectric thin films for gigabit memory applications, Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 1592–1594 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M. Alexe, A. Gruverman, C. Harnagea, N. D. Zakharov, A. Pignolet, D. Hesse, J. F. Scott: Switching properties of self-assembled ferroelectric memory cells, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 1158–1160 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A. Seifert, A. Vojta, J. S. Speck, F. F. Lange: Microstructural instability in single-crystal thin films, J. Mater. Res. 11, 1470–1482 (1996)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • I. Szafraniak, C. Harnagea, R. Scholz, S. Bhattacharyya, D. Hesse, M. Alexe: Ferroelectric epitaxial nanocrystals obtained by a self-patterning method, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 2211–2213 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M. Dawber, I. Szafraniak, M. Alexe, J. F. Scott: Self-patterning of arrays of ferroelectric capacitors: {D}escription by theory of substrate mediated strain interactions, J. Phys. Condens. Matter 15, L667–L671 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • A. Roelofs, T. Schneller, K. Szot, R. Waser: Piezoresponse force microscopy of lead titanate nanograins possibly reaching the limit of ferroelectricity, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 5231–5233 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • H. Nonomura, H. Fujisawa, M. Shimizu, H. Niu, K. Honda: Self-assembled PbTiO3 nano-islands prepared on SrTiO3 by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42, 5918–5921 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M.-W. Chu, I. Szafraniak, R. Scholtz, C. Harnagea, D. Hesse, M. Alexe, U. G\ösele: Impact of misfit dislocations on the polarization instability of epitaxial nanostructured ferroelectric perovskites, Nature Mater. 3, 87–90 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Y. Luo, I. Szafraniak, N. D. Zakharov, V. Nagarajan, M. Steinhart, R. B. Wehrspohn, J. H. Wendorff, R. Ramesh, M. Alexe: Nanoshell tubes of ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate and barium titanate, Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 440–442 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • F. D. Morrison, L. Ramsay, J. F. Scott: High aspect ratio piezoelectric strontium-bismuth-tantalate nanotubes, J. Phys. Condens. Matter 15, L527–L532 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • D. D. Morrison, Y. Luo, I. Szafraniak, V. Nagarajan, R. B. Wehrspohn, M. Steinhart, J. H. Wendorff, N. D. Zakharov, E. D. Mishina, K. A. Vorotilov, A. S. Sigov, S. Nakabayashi, M. Alexe, R. Ramesh, J. F. Scott: Ferroelectric nanotubes, Rev. Adv. Mater. Sci. 4, 114–122 (2003)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • W. S. Yun, J. J. Urban, Q. Gu, H. Park: Ferroelectric properties of individual barium titanate nanowires investigated by scanned probe microscopy, Nano Lett. 2, 447–450 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J. J. Urban, W. S. Yun, Q. Gu, H. Park: Synthesis of single-crystalline perovskite nanorods composed of barium titanate and strontium titanate, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 124, 1186–1187 (2002)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J. J. Urban, J. E. Spanier, L. Ouyang, W. S. Yun, H. Park: Single-crystalline barium titanate nanowires, Adv. Mater. 15, 423–426 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • H. Fu, L. Bellaiche: Ferroelectricity in barium titanate quantum dots and wires, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 257601 (2003)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • I. Naumov, L. Bellaiche, H. Fu: Unusual phase transitions in ferroelectric nanodisks and nanorods, Nature (London) 432, 737–740 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • G. Geneste, E. Bousquet, J. Junquera, P. Ghosez: Finite-size effects in BaTiO3 nanowires, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 112906 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. DPMC – University of Geneva, 24 Quai Ernest Ansermet, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland

    Céline Lichtensteiger, Matthew Dawber & Jean-Marc Triscone

Authors
  1. Céline Lichtensteiger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Matthew Dawber
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jean-Marc Triscone
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Céline Lichtensteiger .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lichtensteiger, C., Dawber, M., Triscone, JM. (2007). Ferroelectric Size Effects. In: Physics of Ferroelectrics. Topics in Applied Physics, vol 105. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-34591-6_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation