Skip to main content

Isoprenoide als Inhaltsstoffe

  • Chapter
Pharmakognosie — Phytopharmazie
  • 3410 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Abdullaev FI (2002) Minireview. Cancer chemopreventive and tumoricidal properties of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Exp Biol Med 227: 20–25

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Afifi-Yazar FÜ (1979) Isolierung, Charakterisierung und Strukturaufklärung der Iridoidglucoside von Veronica officinalis L. (Scrophulariaceae). Dissertation, ETH Zürich, Nr. 6377

    Google Scholar 

  • Alcaraz MJ, RÍos JL (1991) Pharmacology of diterpenoids. In: Harborne JB, Tomas-Barberan FA (eds) Ecological chemistry and biochemistry of plant terpenoids. Proceedings of the phytochemical society of Europe, vol 31. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp 230–263

    Google Scholar 

  • Aldieri E, Atragene D, Bergandi L et al. (2003) Artemisinin inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase and nuclear factor NF-κB activation. FEBS Letters 552: 141–144

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • An SJ, Pae HO, Oh GS et al. (2002) Inhibition of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 productions and NF-κB activation in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages by catalposide, an iridoid glycoside isolated from Catalpa ovata G. Don (Bignoniaceae). Int Immunopharmacol 2: 1173–1181

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Belcour B, Courtois D, Ehret C, Petiard V (1993) Rapid production of irones by maturation of orris rhizomes with two bacterial strains. Phytochemistry 34: 1313–1315

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benito PB, MartÍnez MJA, Sen AMS et al. (1998) In vivo and in vitro antiinflammatory activity of saikosaponins. Life Sci 63: 1147–1156

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Berkan T, Üstünes L, Lermioglu F, Özer A (1991) Antiinflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects of an aqueous extract of Erythraea centaurium. Planta Med 57: 34–37

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Berry MI (1984) Feverfew faces the future. Pharm J 232: 611–614

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bertea CM, Freije JR, van der Woude H et al. (2005) Identification of intermediates and enzymes involved in the early stepps of artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua. Planta Med 71: 40–47

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bertram B (1989) Farbstoffe in Lebensmitteln und Arzneimitteln. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Bharel S, Gulati A, Abdin MZ et al. (1996) Structure, biosynthesis and functions of artemisinin. Fitoterapia 67: 387–402

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhat SV (1993) Forskolin and congeners. In: Herz W, Kirby GW, Moore RE, Steglich W, Tamm C (eds) Progress in the chemistry of organic natural products, vol 62. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 1–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Boje K, Lechtenberg M, Nahrstedt A (2003) New and known iridoid-and phenylethanoid glycosides from Harpagophytum procumbens and their in vitro inhibition of human leukocyte elastase. Planta Med 69: 820–825

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Borstnik K, Paik I, Shapiro TA, Posner GH (2002) Antimalarial chemotherapeutic peroxides: artemisinin, yingzhaosu A and related compounds. Int J Parasitol 32: 1661–1667

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bos R (1997) Analytical and phytochemical studies on valerian and valerian based preparations. Dissertation, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen

    Google Scholar 

  • Bos R, Woerdenbag HJ, Hendriks H et al. (1996) Analytical aspects of phytotherapeutic valerian preparations. Phytochem Anal 7: 143–151

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bos R, Woerdenbag HJ, Pras N (2002) Determination of valepotriates. J Chromatogr A 967: 131–146

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Britton G, Liaaen-Jensen S, Pfander H (1995) Carotenoids today and challenges for the future. In: Britton G, Liaaen-Jensen S, Pfander H (eds) Carotenoids, vol 1A: Isolation and analysis. Birkhäuser, Basel Boston Berlin, pp 13–26

    Google Scholar 

  • Brock FE (2000) Ergebnisse klinischer Studien bei Patienten mit chronisch venöser Insuffizienz. Z Phytother 21: 49–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Buchbauer G, Spreitzer H, Kiener G (1990) Biologische Wirkungen von Diterpenen. Pharm Unserer Zeit 19: 28–37

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Büechi S, Wegener T (2002) Harpagophyti radix (Teufelskrallenwurzel). Pharmakologische, toxikologische und klinische Aspekte. Phytotherapie 4: 28–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Calvo MI, Vilalta N, San Julián AS, Fernández M (1998) Anti-inflammatory activity of leaf extract of Verbena officinalis L. Phytomedicine 5: 465–467

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Candan F, Unlu M, Tepe B et al. (2003) Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of essential oil and methanol extracts of Achillea millefolium subsp. millefolium Afan. (Asteraceae). J Ethnopharmacol 87: 215–220

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cavadas C, Araújo I, Cotrim MD et al. (1995) In vitro study on the interaction of Valeriana officinalis L. extracts and their amino acids on GABAA receptor in rat brain. Arzneim-Forsch/Drug Res 45: 753–755

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chi HT, Ramu K, Baker JK et al. (1991) Identification of the in vivo metabolites of the antimalarial arteether by thermospray high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Biol Mass Spectrom 20: 609–628

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chiang L-C. Ng LT, Chiang W et al. (2003) Immunomodulatory activities of flavonoids, monoterpenoids, triterpenoids, iridoid glycosides and phenolic compounds of Plantago species. Planta Med 69: 600–604

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Christensen SB, Andersen A, Smitt UW (1997) Sesquiterpenoids from Thapsia species and medicinal chemistry of the thapsigargins. In: Herz W, Kirby GW, Moore RE, Steglich W, Tamm C (Hrsg) Fortschritte der Chemie organischer Naturstoffe, vol 71. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, S 130–167

    Google Scholar 

  • Chrubasik S, Conradt C, Black A (2003) The quality of clinical trials with Harpagophytum procumbens. Phytomedicine 10: 613–623

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clarkson C, Campbell WE, Smith P (2003) In vitro antiplasmodial activity of abietane and totarane diterpenes isolated from Harpagophytum procumbens (devil’s claw). Planta Med 69: 720–724

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cutlan AR, Bonilla LE, Simon JE, Erwin JE (2000) Intra-specific variability of feverfew: Correlations between parthenolide, morphological traits and seed origin. Planta Med 66: 612–617

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Jesus RAP, Cechinel-Filho V, Oliveira AE, Schlemper V (2000) Analysis of the antinociceptive properties of marrubiin isolated from Marrubium vulgare. Phytomedicine 7: 111–115

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Souza NJ (1993) Industrial development of traditional drugs: the forskolin example. A mini-review. J Ethnopharmacol 38: 177–180

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Deepak M, Handa SS (2000a) Quantitative determination of the major constitutents of Verbena officinalis using high performance thin layer chromatography and high pressure liquid chromatography. Phytochem Anal 11: 351–355

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deepak M, Handa SS (2000b) Antiinflammatory activity and chemical composition of extracts of Verbena officinalis. Phytother Res 14: 463–465

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dewick PM (2002) Medicinal natural products. A biosynthetic approach, 2nd edn. Wiley & Sons, Chichester

    Google Scholar 

  • Dieckmann H (1988) Untersuchungen zur Pharmakokinetik, Metabolismus und Toxikologie von Baldrinalen. Dissertation, Freie Universität Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Diener H-C (2005) Migräneprophylaxe mit Pestwurz-Extrakt. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 145: 1268–1270

    Google Scholar 

  • Dietz BM, Mahady GB, Pauli GF et al. (2005) Valerian extract and valerenic acid are partial agonists of the 5-HT5a receptor in vitro. Molecular Brain Research 138: 191–197

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Douglas JA, Smallfield BM, Burgess EJ et al. (2004) Sesquiterpene lactones in Arnica montana: a rapid analytical method and the effects of flower maturity and simulated mechanical harvesting on quality and yield. Planta Med 70: 166–170

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eckstein-Ludwig U, Webb RJ, van Goethem IDA et al. (2003) Artemisinins target the SERCA of Plasmodium falciparum. Nature 424: 957–961

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El Bardai S, Morel N, Wibo M et al. (2003a) The vasorelaxant activity of marrubenol and marrubiin from Marrubium vulgare. Planta Med 69: 75–77

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El Bardai S, Wibo M, Hamaide M-C et al. (2003b) Characterisation of marrubenol, a diterpenoid extracted from Marrubium vulgare, as an L-type calcium channel blocker. Br J Pharmacol 140: 1211–1216

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El-Sedawy AI, Hattori M, Kobashi K, Namba T (1989a) Metabolism of gentiopicroside (gentiopicrin) by human intestinal bacteria. Chem Pharm Bull 37: 2435–2437

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • El-Sedawy AI, Shu Y-Z, Hattori M et al. (1989b) Metabolism of swertiamarin from Swertia japonica by human intestinal bacteria. Planta Med 55: 147–150

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ernst E, Pittler MH (2000) The efficacy and safety of feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium L.): an update of a systematic review. Public Health Nutrition 3: 509–514

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • ESCOP (2003) ESCOP monographs. 2nd edn. ESCOP, Exeter. Thieme, Stuttgart New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferreira F, Santos MS, Faro C et al. (1996) Effect of extracts of Valeriana officinalis on [3H]GABA. Release in synaptosomes: further evidence for the involvement of free GABA in the valerian-induced release. Rev Port Farm 46: 74–77

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fiebich BL, Lieb K, Engels S, Heinrich M (2002) Inhibition of LPS-induced p42/44 MAP kinase activation and iNOS/NO synthesis by parthenolide in rat primary microglial cells. J Neuroimmunol 132: 18–24

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fiebich BL, Grozdeva M, Hess S et al. (2005) Petasites hybridus extracts in vitro inhibit COX-2 and PGE2 release by direct interaction with the enzyme and by preventing p42/44 MAP kinase activation in rat primary microglial cells. Planta Med 71: 12–19

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fraga BM (1991) Sesquiterpenoids. In: Charlwood BV, Banthorpe DV (eds) Methods in plant biochemistry, vol 7: Terpenoids. Academic Press, London, pp 145–185

    Google Scholar 

  • Frohne D, Jensen U (1998) Systematik der Pflanzenreichs. Unter besonderer Berücksichtigung chemischer Merkmale und pflanzlicher Drogen. 5. Auflage. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Gagnier JJ, Chrubasik S, Manheimer E (2004) Harpagophytum procumbens for osteoarthritis and low back pain: a systematic review. BMC Complement Altern Med 4: 13–22

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garner P (für die Internationale Artemisinin Studiengruppe) (2004) Artesunate combinations for treatment of malaria: meta-analysis. Lancet 363: 9–17

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Geuns JMC (2003) Stevioside. Phytochemistry 64: 913–921

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gebhardt R (1997) Stimulation of acid secretion by extracts of Gentiana lutea L. in cultured cells from rat gastric mucosa. Pharm Pharmacol Lett 7: 106–108

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghisalberti EL (1997) The biological activity of naturally occurring kaurane diterpenes. Fitoterapia 68: 303–325

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghisalberti EL (1998) Biological and pharmacological activity of naturally occurring iridoids and secoiridoids. Phytomedicine 5: 147–163

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goadsby PJ, Hargreaves RJ (2000) Mechanisms of action of serotonin 5-HT1B/1D-agonists: Insights into migraine pathophysiology using rizatriptan. Neurology 55[Suppl 2]: S8–S14

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goodwin TW (1980) Carotenoids. In: Bell EA, Charlwood BV (eds) Secondary plant products (Encyclopedia of plant physiology, new ser., vol 8) Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 257–287

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorkow C, Wuttke W, März RW (2002) Zur Wirksamkeit von Vitex agnus castus-Präparaten. Wien Med Wschr 152: 364–372

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Granelli K, Helmersson S (1996) Rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of-carotene in milk. J Chromatogr A 721: 355–358

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grünwald J, Jänicke C, Freder J (2002) Lycopin. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 142: 856–869

    Google Scholar 

  • Handjieva N, Saadi H, Evstatieva L (1991) Iridoid glucosides from Plantago altissima L., Plantago lanceolata L., Plantago atrata Hoppe and Plantago argentea Chaix. Z Naturforsch 46c: 963–965

    Google Scholar 

  • Hänsel R (1992) Indischer Baldrian nicht empfehlenswert? Z Phytother 15: 130–131

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansen K, Adsersen A, Christensen SB et al. (1996) Isolation of an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor from Olea europaea and Olea lancea. Phytomedicine 2: 319–325

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hargreaves RJ, Shepheard SL (1999) Pathophysiology of migraine — new insights. Can J Neurol Sci 26[Suppl 3]: S12–S19

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hausen BM (1991) Kontaktallergie durch Pflanzen und Pflanzenextrakte aus der Apotheke. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 131: 987–996

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hausen BM, Breuer J, Weglewski J, Rücker G (1991) α-Peroxyachifolid and other new sensitizing sesquiterpene lactones from yarrow (Achillea millefolium L., Compositae). Contact Dermatitis 24: 274–280

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hausen BM, Vieluf IK (1998) Allergiepflanzen, Pflanzenallergene. Handbuch und Atlas der allergieinduzierenden Wild-und Kulturpflanzen. 2. Aufl. ecomed, Landsberg/München

    Google Scholar 

  • Hein J, Lobbedey L, Neumärker K-J (2001) Absinth — Neue Mode, alte Probleme. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 141: 5803–5807

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoberg E, Meier B, Sticher O (2000a) An analytical high performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of agnuside and p-hydroybenzoic acid contents in Agni-casti fructus. Phytochem Anal 11: 327–329

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoberg E, Meier, B, Sticher O (2000b) Quantitative high performance liquid chromatographic analysis of diterpenoids in Agni-castifructus. Planta Medica 66: 352–355

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hoberg E, Meier B, Sticher O (2001) Quantitative high performance liquid chromatographic analysis of casticin in the fruits of Vitex agnus-castus. Pharm Biol 39: 57–61

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Höld KM, Sirisoma NS, Ikeda T et al. (2000) α-Thujone (the active component of absinthe): γ-Aminobutyric acid typ A receptor modulation and metabolic detoxification. PNAS 97: 3826–3831

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hölzl J (1996) Baldrian. Ein Mittel gegen Schlafstörungen und Nervosität. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 136: 751–759

    Google Scholar 

  • Hölzl J, Godau P (1990) Wirkungen von Baldrian. Med Monatsschr Pharm 13: 19–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Hose S (2002) Der Wermut — Artemisia absinthium L. Z Phytother 23: 187–194

    Google Scholar 

  • Inouye H (1991) Iridoids. In: Charlwood BV, Banthorpe DV (eds) Methods in plant biochemistry, vol 7: Terpenoids. Academic Press, London, pp 99–143

    Google Scholar 

  • Inouye H, Uesato S (1986) Biosynthesis of iridoids and secoiridoids. In: Herz W, Grisebach H, Kirby GW, Tamm C (eds) Progress in the chemistry of organic natural products, vol 50. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 169–236

    Google Scholar 

  • Ize-Ludlow D, Ragone S, Bruck IS et al. (2004) Neurotoxicities in infants seen with the consumption of star anise tea. Pediatrics 114: 653–656

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jang M-H, Lim S, Han S-M et al. (2003) Harpagophytum procumbens suppresses lipopolysaccharide-stimulated expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in fibroblast cell line L929. J Pharmacol Sci 93: 367–371

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jarry H, Spengler B, Porzel A et al. (2003) Evidence for estrogen receptor β-selective activity of Vitex agnus-castus and isolated flavones. Planta Med 69: 945–947

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen SR, Franzyk H, Wallander E (2002) Chemotaxonomy of the Oleaceae: iridoids as taxonomic markers. Phytochemistry 60: 213–231

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jeong H-J, Koo H-N, Na H-J et al. (2002) Inhibiton of TNF-α and IL-6 production by aucubin through blockade of NF-κB activation in RBL-2H3 mast cells. Cytokine 18: 252–259

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ju HK, Moon TC, Lee E et al. (2003) Inhibitory effects of a new iridoid, patridoid II and its isomers, on nitric oxide and TNF-α production in cultured murine macrophages. Planta Med 69: 950–953

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Junior P (1989) Weitere Untersuchungen zur Verteilung und Struktur der Bitterstoffe von Menyanthes trifoliata. Planta Med 55: 83–86

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Junior P (1990) Recent developments in the isolation and structure elucidation of naturally occurring iridoid compounds. Planta Med 56: 1–13

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jurenitsch J, Kastner U (1994) Klassische Pharmakognosie — eine Wissenschaft mit Zukunft? Pharm Unserer Zeit 23: 93–99

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Juteau F, Jerkovic I, Masotti V et al. (2003) Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Artemisia absinthium from Croatia and France. Planta Med 69: 158–161

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kakuda R, Machida K, Yaoita Y et al. (2003) Studies on the constituents of Gentiana species. II. A new triterpenoid, and (S)-(+)-and (R)-(—)-gentiolactones from Gentiana lutea. Chem Pharm Bull 51: 885–887

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kälin P, Sulger Büel E (2002) Gemeine Pestwurz (Petasites hybridus). Portrait einer Arzneipflanze: Geschichte, Pharmakologie und Klinik. Schweiz Zschr Ganzheits Medizin 14: 267–274

    Google Scholar 

  • Kastner U, Saukel J, Zitterl-Eglseer K et al. (1992) Ätherisches Öl — ein zusätzliches Merkmal für die Charakterisierung der mitteleuropäischen Taxa der Achillea millefolium-Gruppe. Sci Pharm 60: 87–99

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kastner U, Sosa S, Wolf M et al. (1993a) Phytochemische und pharmakologische Untersuchungen von Tees aus verschiedenen Taxa der Achillea millefolium-Gruppe. Sci Pharm 61: 47–54

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kastner U, Sosa S, Tubaro A et al. (1993b) Anti-edematous activity of sesquiterpene lactones from different taxa of the Achillea millefolium group. Planta Med 59[Suppl Issue]: A 669

    Google Scholar 

  • Kastner U, Glasl S, Jurenitsch J (1995) Achillea millefolium — ein Gallentherapeutikum? Gedanken über den aktuellen Einsatz einer alten Arzneipflanze. Z Phytother 16: 34–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaszkin M, Beck KF, Koch E et al. (2004) Downregulation of iNOS expression in rat mesangial cells by special extracts of Harpagophytum procumbens derives from harpagoside-dependent and independent effects. Phytomedicine 11: 585–595

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Käufeler R, Thomet OAR, Simon H-U et al. (2000) Der Pestwurzextrakt Ze 339 — Wirkprinzipien und klinische Pharmakologie. Phytopharmaka VI, Forschung und klinische Anwendung. Steinkopff, Darmstadt, S 237–246

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim HM, Shin HY, Lim KH et al. (2000) Taraxacum officinale inhibits tumor necrosis factor-production from rat astrocytes. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 22: 519–530

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kinghorn AD (2002) Stevia. The genus Stevia. Taylor & Francis, London New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Kisiel W, Barszcz B (2000) Further sesquiterpenoids and phenolics from Taraxacum officinale. Fitoterapia 71: 269–273

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Klaas CA, Wagner G, Laufer S et al. (2002) Studies on the anti-inflamatory activity of phytopharmaceuticals prepared from Arnica flowers. Planta Med 68: 385–391

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knight DW (1995) Feverfew: Chemistry and biological activity. Nat Prod Rep 12: 271–276

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knöss W (1994) Furanic labdane diterpenes in differentiated and undifferentiated cultures of Marrubium vulgare and Leonurus cardiaca. Plant Physiol Biochem 32: 785–789

    Google Scholar 

  • Knöss W, Zapp J (1998) Accumulation of furanic labdane diterpenes in Marrubium vulgare and Leonurus cardiaca. Planta Med 64: 357–361. Persönliche Mitteilung von Knöss (2004)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knöss W, Reuter B, Zapp J (1997) Biosynthesis of the labdane diterpene marrubiin in Marrubium vulgare via a non-mevalonate pathway. Biochem J 326: 449–454

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Knuesel O, Weber M, Suter A (2002) Arnica montana gel in osteoarthritis of the knee: an open, multicenter clinical trial. Advances in Therapy 19: 209–218

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kolodziej H (1993) Sesquiterpenlactone. Biologische Aktivitäten. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 133: 1795–1805

    Google Scholar 

  • Kommission E — Monographien des ehemaligen Bundesinstitutes für Arzneimittel, ➲ bei Blumenthal M (ed), The complete German Commission E monographs (1998). American Botanical Council, Austin

    Google Scholar 

  • Kondo Y, Takano F, Hojo H (1994) Suppression of chemically and immunologically induced hepatic injuries by gentiopicroside in mice. Planta Med 60: 414–416

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kritharides L, Stocker R (2002) The use of antioxidant supplements in coronary heart disease. Atherosclerosis 164: 211–219

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kubisch U, Ullrich N, Müller A (2003) Therapie von Schlafstörungen mit einem Baldrian-Hopfen-Extrakt. Z Phytother 24: 63–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Kwok BHB, Koh B, Ndubuisi MKI et al. (2001) The anti-inflamatory natural product parthenolide from the medicinal herb feverfew directly binds to and inhibits IκB kinase. Chem Biol 8: 759–766

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lachenmeier DW, Emmert J, Kuballa T, Sartor G (2006) Thujone — cause of absinthism? Forensic Science International 158: 1–8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Laonigro G, Lanzetta R, Parrilli M et al. (1979) The configuration of the diterpene spiroethers from Marrubium vulgare and from Leonotis leonurus. Gazz Chim Ital 109: 145–150

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee AG (2002) Ca2+-ATPase structure in the E1 and E2 conformations: mechanism, helix-helix and helix-lipid interactions. Biochim Biophys Acta 1565: 246–266

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee I-S, Hufford CD (1990) Metabolism of antimalarial sesquiterpene lactones. Pharmacol Ther 48: 345–355

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Le Tutour B, Guedon D (1992) Antioxidative activities of Olea europaea leaves and related phenolic compounds. Phytochemistry 31: 1173–1178

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levieille G, Wilson G (2002) In vitro propagation and iridoid analysis of the medicinal species Harpagophytum procumbens and H. zeyheri. Plant Cell Rep 21: 220–225

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li C-Y, Wu T-S (2002) Constituents of the stigmas of Crocus sativus and their tyrosinase inhibitory activity. J Nat Prod 63: 1452–1456

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li S-H, Zhang H-J, Qiu S-X et al. (2002) Vitexlactum A, a novel labdane diterpene lactam from the fruits of Vitex agnus-castus. Tetrahedron Letters 43: 5131–5134

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lin L-J, Cordell GA, Balandrin MF (1991) Valerian-derived sedative agents. I. On the structure and spectral assignment of the constituents of Valmane using the selective INEPT nuclear magnetic resonance technique. Pharm Res 8: 1094–1102

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ling S-K, Tanaka T, Kouno I (2003) Effects of iridoids on lipoxygenase and hyaluronidase activitites and their activation by β-glucosidase in the presence of amino acids. Biol Pharm Bull 26: 352–356

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lipton RB, Göbel H, Einhäuptl KM et al. (2004) Petasites hybridus root (butterbar) is an effective preventive treatment for migraine. Neurology 63: 2240–2244

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu J, Burdette JE, Xu H et al. (2001) Evaluation of estrogenic activity of plant extracts for the potential treatment of menopausal symptoms. J Agric Food Chem 49: 2472–2479

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu J, Burdette JE, Sun Y et al. (2004) Isolation of linoleic acid as an estrogenic compound from the fruits of Vitex agnus-castus (chaste-berry). Phytomedicine 11: 18–23

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li-Weber M, Giaisi M, Treiber MK, Krammer PH (2002) The anti-inflamatory sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide suppresses IL-4 gene expression in peripheral blood cells. Eur J Immunol 32: 3587–3597

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Loew D, Schuster O, Möllerfeld J (1996) Stabilität und biopharmazeutische Qualität. Voraussetzung für Bioverfügbarkeit und Wirksamkeit von Harpagophytum procumbens. In: Loew D, Rietbrock N (Hrsg) Phytopharmaka II. Forschung und klinische Anwendung. Steinkopff, Darmstadt, S 83–93

    Google Scholar 

  • Loew D, Möllerfeld J, Schrödter A et al. (2001) Investigations on the pharmakokinetic properties of Harpagophytum extracts and their effects on eicosanoid biosynthesis in vitro and ex vivo. Clin Pharmacol Ther 69: 356–364

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Löffler G, Petrides PE (2003) Biochemie und Pathobiochemie. 7. Auflage. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, S 608–611

    Google Scholar 

  • Long C, Sauleau P, David B et al. (2003) Bioactive flavonoids of Tanacetum parthenium revisited. Phytochemistry 64: 567–569

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ma XQ, Zhu DY, Li SP et al. (2001) Authentic identification of Stigma croci (Stigma of Crocus sativus) from its adulterants by molecular genetic analysis. Plana Med 67: 183–186

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maillard MP, Wolfender J-L, Hostettmann K (1993) Use of liquid chromatography-thermospray mass spectrometry in phytochemical analysis of crude plant extracts. J Chromatogr 647: 147–154

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marchesan M, Hose S, Paper DH, Franz G (1998) Spitzwegerich. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 138: 2987–2992

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mander LN (2003) Twenty years of gibberellin research. Nat Prod Rep 20: 49–69

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marco JA, Barbera O (1990) Natural products from the genus Artemisia L. In: Atta-ur-Rahman (ed) Studies in natural products chemistry, vol 7. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 201–264

    Google Scholar 

  • Marder M, Viola H, Wasowski C et al. (2003) 6-Methylapigenin and hesperidin: new valeriana flavonoids with activity on the CNS. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 75: 537–545

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marles RJ, Kaminski J, Arnason JT et al. (1992) A bioassay for inhibition of serotonin release from bovine platelets. J Nat Prod 55: 1044–1056

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marner F-J, Gladtke D, Jaenicke L (1988) Studies on the biosynthesis of iridals and cycloiridals. Helv Chim Acta 71: 1331–1338

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Martin-Nizard F, Sahpaz S, Furman C et al. (2003) Natural phenylpropanoids protect endothelial cells against oxidized LDL-induced cytotoxicity. Planta Med 69: 207–211

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mayne ST (1996) Beta-carotene, carotenoids, and disease prevention in humans. FASEB J 10: 690–701

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mende R, Wichtl M (1998) Eisenkraut — Verbena officinalis L. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 138: 2905–2910

    Google Scholar 

  • Merfort I (2003) Arnika: Neue Erkenntnisse zum Wirkungsmechanismus einer traditionellen Arzneipflanze. Forsch Komplementärmed Klass Naturheilkd 10[Suppl 1]: 45–48

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Merfort I, Willuhn G, Jerga C (1990) Arnikablüten DAB 9 — Reinheitsprüfung. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 130: 980–984

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Meshnick SR (2002) Artemisinin: mechanisms of action, resistance and toxicity. Int J Parasitol 32: 1655–1660

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meshnick SR, Taylor TE, Kamchonwongpaisan S (1996) Artemisinin and the antimalarial endoperoxides: from herbal remedy to targeted chemotherapy. Microbiol Rev 60: 301–315

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer K (2002) Carotinoide — Bedeutung und technische Synthesen. Chem Unserer Zeit 36: 178–192

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miething H, Holz W, Hänsel R (1986) HPLC-Gehaltsbestimmung von Aucubin in Drogen und Zubereitungen. Pharm Ztg 131: 746–747

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller NJ, Sampson J, Candeias LP et al. (1996) Antioxidant activities of carotenes and xanthophylls. FEBS Lett 384: 240–242

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miyase T, Horikoshi C, Yabe S et al. (1997) Saikosaponin homologues from Verbascum spp. The structures of mulleinsaponins I–VII. Chem Pharm Bull 45: 2029–2033

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morazzoni P, Bombardelli E (1995) Valeriana officinalis: Traditional use and recent evaluation of activity. Fitoterapia 66: 99–112

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Müller CE, Schumacher B, Brattström A et al. (2002) Interactions of valerian extracts and a fixed valerian-hop extract combination with adenosine receptors. Life Sci 71: 1939–1949

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Münzing-Vasirian K (1974) Zur Chemie und Wertbestimmung der Enziandroge. Dissertation, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

    Google Scholar 

  • Murai M, Tamayama Y, Nishibe S (1995) Phenylethanoids in the herb of Plantago lanceolata and inhibitory effect on arachidonic acid-induced mouse ear edema. Planta Med 61: 479–480

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nair SC, Kurumboor SK, Hasegawa JH (1995) Saffron chemoprevention in biology and medicine: A Review. Cancer Biother 10: 257–264

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nikolova-Damyanova B, Handjieva N (1996) Quantitative determination of swertiamarin and gentiopicroside in Centaurium erythrea and C. turcicum by densitometry. Phytochem Anal 7: 140–142

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Obatomi DK, Bach PH (1998) Biochemistry and toxicology of the diterpenoid glycoside atractyloside. Food Chem Toxicol 36: 335–346

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Orth M, Berg T van den, Czygan F-C (1994) Die Schafgarbe — Achillea millefolium L. Z Phytother 15: 176–182

    Google Scholar 

  • Park KS, Chang I-M (2004) Anti-inflammatory activity of aucubin by inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α production in RAW 264.7 cells. Planta Med 70: 778–779

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Paßreiter CM (1992) Co-occurrence of 2-pyrrolidineacetic acid with the pyrrolizidines tussilaginic acid and isotussilaginic acid and their 1-epimers in Arnica species and Tussilago farfara. Phytochemistry 31: 4135–4137

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Perkins ND (2000) The Rel/NF-κB family: friend and foe. Trends in Biochemical Sciences 25: 434–440

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pfaffenrath V, Diener HC, Fischer M et al. (2002) The efficacy and safety of Tanacetum parthenium (feverfew) in migraine prophylaxis — a double-blind, multicentre, randomized placebo-controlled dose-response study. Cephalagia 22: 523–532

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pfander H, Riesen R (1995) Chromatography: Part IV. High-performance liquid chromatography. In: Britton G, Liaaen-Jensen S, Pfander H (eds) Carotenoids, vol 1 A: Isolation and analysis. Birkhäuser, Basel Boston Berlin, pp 145–190

    Google Scholar 

  • Philip T, Francis FJ (1971) Oxidation of capsanthin. J Food Sci 36: 96–97

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips-Howard P (2002) Regulation of the quality and use of artemisinin and its derivatives. In: Wright CW (ed) Artemisia. Taylor & Francis, London New York, pp 309–321

    Google Scholar 

  • Picman AK (1986) Biological activities of sesquiterpene lactones. Biochem Syst Ecol 14: 255–281

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Porkka-Heiskanen T, Alanko L, Kalinchuk A, Stenberg D (2002) Adenosine and sleep. Sleep Medicine Reviews 6: 321–332

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rajanikanth M, Madhusudanan KP, Gupta RC (2003) Liquid chromatographic — mass spectrometric method for the determination of α-,β-arteether in rat serum. J Chromatogr B 783: 391–399

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rauwald HW, Brehm O, Odenthal KP (1994) Screening of nine vasoactive medicinal plants for their possible calcium antagonistic activity. Strategy of selection and isolation for the active principles of Olea europaea and Peucedanum ostruthium. Phytother Res 8: 135–140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reher G, Stahl-Biskup E (1987) Geschmack und Geruch. Die chemischen Sinne des Menschen und die Chemie der Geschmack-und Riechstoffe. Teil I: Geschmack. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 127: 2468–2478

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rehm H-J (1980) Industrielle Mikrobiologie. 2. Aufl. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokio, S 486–487

    Google Scholar 

  • Reinke C, Schalch W (2005) Lutein und Zeaxanthin in der Ophthalmologie. Schweizer Apothekerzeitung 143: 9–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Reuter U, Chiarugi A, Bolay H, Moskowitz MA (2002) Nuclear factor-κB as a molecular target for migraine therapy. Ann Neurol 51: 507–516

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • RÍos JL, Recio MC, Giner RM, Máñez S (1996) An update review of saffron and its active constituents. Phytother Res 10: 189–193

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rischer M, Adamczyk M, Ratz H et al. (1998) Quantitative determination of the iridoid glycosides aucubin and catalpol in Plantago lanceolata L. extracts by HPTLC and HPLC. J Planar Chromatography 11: 374–378

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robert A, Dechy-Cabaret O, Cazelles J, Meunier B (2002) From mechanistic studies on artemisinin derivatives to new modular antimalarial drugs. Acc Chem Res 35: 167–174

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez E, Towers GHN, Mitchell JC (1976) Biological activities of sesquiterpene lactones. Phytochemistry 15: 1573–1580

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodríguez-Concepción M, Boronat A (2003) Elucidation of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis in bacteria nad plastids. A metabolic milestone achieved through genomics. Plant Physiol 130: 1079–1089

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rohdich F, Kis K, Bacher A, Eisenreich W (2001) The non-mevalonate pathway of isoprenoids: genes, enzymes and intermediates. Curr Opin Chem Biol 5: 535–540

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rücker G, Neugebauer M, Kiefer A (1994) Quantitative Bestimmung von α-Peroxyachifolid in der Schafgarbe durch HPLC mit amperometrischer Detektion. Pharmazie 49: 167–169

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rüngeler P, Castro V, Mora G et al. (1999) Inhibition of transcription factor NF-κB by sesquiterpene lactones: a proposed molecular melchanism of action. Bioorg Med Chem 7: 2343–2352

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Russell RM (2004) The enigma of β-carotene in carcinogenesis: What can be learned from animal studies. J Nutr 134: 262S–268S

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sacchettini JC, Poulter CD (1997) Creating isoprenoid diversity. Science 277: 1788–1789

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sahpaz S, Garbacki N, Tits M, Bailleuil F (2002) Isolation and pharmacological activity of phenylpropanoid esters from Marrubium vulgare. J Ethnopharmacol 79: 389–392

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salama O (1982) Isolierung, Charakterisierung und Strukturaufklärung von Glycosiden einiger Euphrasia-Arten (Scrophulariaceae). Dissertation, ETH Zürich, Nr. 7022

    Google Scholar 

  • Saukel J (1993) Schnellnachweis von Proazulenen und anderen Sesquiterpenen in mikroskopischen Präparaten. Sci Pharm 61: 59–63

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schapowal A (2004) Rationale Phytotherapie. Antiallergische Wirkungen des Pestwurz-Extraktes Ze 339. Verlag im Kilian, Marburg

    Google Scholar 

  • Schellenberg R, Sauer E, Abourashed EA et al. (2004) The fixed combination of valerian and hops (Ze91019) acts via a central adenosine mechanism. Planta Med 70: 594–597

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schiedt K (1995) Chromatography. Part III: Thin-layer chromatography. In: Britton G, Liaaen-Jensen S, Pfander H (eds) Carotenoids, vol 1 A: Isolation and analysis. Birkhäuser, Basel Boston Berlin, pp 131–144

    Google Scholar 

  • Schimmer O, Mauthner H (1994) Centaurium erythraea RAFN. Tausendgüldenkraut. Z Phytother 15: 299–306

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidgall J, Schnetz E, Hensel A (2000) Evidence for bioadhesive effects of polysaccharides and polysaccharide-containing herbs in an ex vivo bioadhesion assay on buccal membranes. Planta Med 66: 48–53

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt M, Eich J, Kreimeyer J, Betti G (1998) Anbau der Teufelskralle. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 138: 4540–4549

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt TJ (1997) Helenanolide-type sesquiterpene lactones-III. Rates and stereochemistry in the reaction of helenalin and related helenanolides with sulfhydryl containing biomolecules. Bioorg Med Chem 5: 645–653

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt TJ (1999) Toxic activities of sesquiterpene lactones: structural and biochemical aspects. Curr Org Chem 3: 577–608

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt TJ (2004) Persönliche Mitteilung

    Google Scholar 

  • Schoental R (1994) Plant hormones, gibberellins and abscissins, and their potential effects on mammalian species. J Nutr Med 4: 463–465

    Google Scholar 

  • Scholle S (1998) Neue Lignane aus Valeriana officinalis L.: Isolierung, Strukturaufklärung, Analytik und Radiorezeptorassays. Dissertation, Universität Marburg/Lahn

    Google Scholar 

  • Schröder H, Haslinger E (1993) The structure of verbascosaponin. Liebigs Ann Chem 413–418

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulz V, Hänsel R (2004) Rationale Phytotherapie. Ratgeber für Ärzte und Apotheker. 5. Aufl. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokio

    Google Scholar 

  • Schumacher B, Scholle S, Hölzl J et al. (2002) Lignans isolated from valerian: identification and characterization of a new olivil derivative with partial agonistic activity at A1 adenosine receptors. J Nat Prod 65: 1479–1485

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seitz R, Lange D, Franz C (2005) Gelber Enzian. Z Phytother 26: 143–150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Serkedjieva J (2000) Combined antiinfluenza virus activity of Flos verbasci infusion and amantadine derivatives. Phytother Res 14: 571–574

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shin SH, Song JH, Ross GM (1999) Regulation of prolactin secretion: dopamine is the prolactin-release inhibiting factor (PIF), but also plays a role as a releasing factor (PRF). Korean J Biol Sci 3: 103–113

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siegenthaler P, Neuenschwander M (1996) Säurekatalysierte Umlagerung von 9-Hydroxyfuranoeremophilanen zu Eremophilanlactonen. Helv Chim Acta 79: 1592–1606

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Siems W, Krämer K, Sommerburg O, Grune T (2005) Betacarotin. Für und Wider einer Supplementation. Pharm Ztg 150: 1150–1156

    Google Scholar 

  • Somanadhan B, Wagner Smitt U, George V et al. (1998) Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors from Jasminum azoricum and Jasminum grandiflorum. Planta Med 64: 246–250

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Souppart C, Gauducheau N, Sandrenan N, Richard F (2002) Development and validation of a high-performance liquid chromatography — mass spectrometry assay for the determination of aetemether and its metabolite dihydroartemisinin in human plasma. J Chromatogr B 774: 195–203

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sticher O (1977) Die Gehaltsbestimmung von Iridoiddrogen. Pharm Acta Helv 52: 20–32

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sticher O, Junod-Busch U (1975) Die Iridoidglucoside und ihre Isolierung. Pharm Acta Helv 50: 127–144

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sticher O, Meier B (1978) Identifizierung der Bitterstoffe von Radix gentianae mit Hochleistungsflüssigkeitschromatographie (HPLC). Pharm Acta Helv 53: 40–45

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sticher O, Meier B (1980) Quantitative Bestimmung der Bitterstoffe in Wurzeln von Gentiana lutea und Gentiana purpurea mit HPLC. Planta Med 40: 55–67

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stoss M, Michels C, Peter E et al. (2000) Prospective cohort trial of Euphrasia single-dose eye drops in conjunctivitis. J Alternat Compl Med 6: 499–508

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Straubinger M, Bau B, Eckstein S et al. (1998) Identification of novel glycosidic aroma precursors in saffron (Crocus sativus L.) J Agric Food Chem 46: 2338–2343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sumner H, Salan U, Knight DW, Hoult JRS (1992) Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase in leukocytes by feverfew. Biochem Pharmacol 43: 2313–2320

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Swissmedic (2004) Widerruf der Zulassung gewisser Pestwurz-haltiger Arneimittel. Swissmedic Journal 1. www.swissmedic.ch. Vgl. auch Schweiz Apoth Ztg 142: 123; Dtsch Apoth Ztg. 144: 802–804

    Google Scholar 

  • Tarantilis PA, Polissiou MG (1997) Isolation and identification of the aroma components from saffron (Crocus sativus). J Agric Food Chem 45: 459–462

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tasdemir D (1997) Phytochemical and biological investigations of Turkish Leonurus species, emphasizing on the diterpenoids of Leonurus persicus. Thesis, ETH Zurich, No. 12368

    Google Scholar 

  • Teuscher E, Lindequist U (1994) Biogene Gifte. Biologie, Chemie, Pharmakologie. 2. Aufl. Fischer, Stuttgart Jena New York, S 105–131

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomet OAR (2002) Wirksamkeit des Pestwurz-Extraktes Ze 339 bei allergischer Rhinitis. Wirkprinzipien und Wirkmechanismen eines neu entwickelten Extraktes. Phytotherapie 3: 2–6

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomet OAR, Simon H-U (2002) Petasins in the treatment of allergic diseases: results of preclinical and clinical studies. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 129: 108–112

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Titulaer HAC, Zuidema J, Lugt CB (1991) Formulation and pharmacokinetics of artemisinin and its derivatives. Int J Pharm 69: 83–92

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Treiman M, Caspersen C, Christensen SB (1998) A tool coming to age: thapsigargin as an inhibitor of sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPases. TiPS 19: 131–135

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tunón H, Bohlin L, Öjteg G (1994) The effect of Menyanthes trifoliata L. on acute renal failure might be due to PAF-inhibition. Phytomedicine 1: 39–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Upton R et al. (2001) Chaste Tree Fruit — Vitex agnus-castus. Standards of analysis, quality control and therapeutics. American Herbal Pharmacopoeia and Therapeutic Compendium. American Herbal Pharmacopoeia, Santa Cruz, California

    Google Scholar 

  • Valentão P, Andrade PB, Silva E et al. (2002) Methoxylated xanthones in the quality control of small centaury (Centaurium erythraea) flowering tops. J Agric Food Chem 50: 460–463

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Agtmael MA, Eggelte TA, van Boxtel CJ (1999) Artemisinin drugs in the treatment of malaria: from medicinal herb to registered medication. TiPS 20: 199–205

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vennerstrom JL, Arbe-Barnes S, Brun R et al. (2004) Identification of an antimalarial synthetic trioxalane drug development candidate. Nature 430: 900–904

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Visioli F, Galli C (1994) Oleuropein protects low density lipoprotein from oxidation. Life Sci 55: 1965–1971

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner H, Bladt S (1996) Plant drug analysis. A thin layer chromatography atlas, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagner S, Kratz F, Merfort I (2004a) In-vitro behaviour of sesquiterpene lactones and sesquiterpene lactone-containing plant preparations in human blood, plasma and human serum albumin. Planta Med 70: 227–233

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner S, Suter A, Merfort I (2004b) Skin penetration studies of Arnica preparations and of their sesquiterpene lactones. Planta Med 70: 897–903

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wallaart TE, Bouwmeester HJ, Hille J et al. (2001) Amorpha-4,11-diene synthase: cloning and functional expression of a key enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of the novel antimalarial drug artemisinin. Planta 212: 460–465

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Warshaw EM, Zug KA (1996) Sesquiterpene lactone allergy. Am J Contact Dermatitis 7: 1–23

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weedon BCL, Moss GP (1995) Structure and nomenclature. In: Britton G, Liaaen-Jensen S, Pfander H (eds) Carotenoids, vol 1 A: Isolation and analysis. Birkhäuser, Basel Boston Berlin, pp 27–70

    Google Scholar 

  • Wegener T (2003) Phytopharmaka zur Anxiolyse. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 143: 618–625

    Google Scholar 

  • Wegener T, Kraft K (1999) Der Spitzwegerich (Platago lanceolata L.): Reizmilderung bei Infektionen der oberen Atemwege. Wien Med Wschr 149: 211–216

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wegener T, Winterhoff H (2001) Zubereitungen aus der südafrikanischen Teufelskralle. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 141: 5613–5621

    Google Scholar 

  • Wichtl M (1999) Eisenkraut Verbena officinalis L. Z Phytother 20: 353–358

    Google Scholar 

  • Wijnsma R, Woerdenbag HJ, Busse W (1995) Die Bedeutung von Arnika-Arten in der Phytotherapie. Z Phytother 16: 48–62

    Google Scholar 

  • Willuhn G (1986) Arnika-Kontaktdermatitis und die sie verursachenden Kontaktallergene. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 126: 2038–2044

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Willuhn G (1987) Sesquiterpenlactone, potentielle Leitsubstanzen für die Arzneistoffindung. Struktur und biologisch-pharmakologische Aktivitäten. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 127: 2511–2517

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Willuhn G (1991) Arnica montana L. — Porträt einer Arzneipflanze. Pharm Ztg 136: 2453–2468

    Google Scholar 

  • Willuhn G, Leven W (1991) Zur qualitativen und quantitativen Analyse der Sesquiterpenlactone von Arnikablüten DAB 9. Pharm Ztg Wiss 4/136: 32–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Willuhn G, Leven W, Luley C (1994) Arnikablüten DAB 10. Untersuchungen zur qualitativen und quantitativen Variabilität des Sesquiterpenlactongehaltes der offizinellen Arnikadrogen. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 134: 4077–4085

    Google Scholar 

  • Willuhn G, Leven W (1995) Qualität von Arnikazubereitungen. Sesquiterpenlactongehalt von Tinkturen und wässrigem Aufguss. Dtsch Apoth Ztg 135: 1939–1942

    Google Scholar 

  • Woerdenbag HJ, Pras N (1991) Artemisia annua L. — Der einjährige Beifuß. Eine traditionelle Arzneipflanze als Quelle für neue Antimalariamittel. Z Phytother 12: 133–139

    Google Scholar 

  • Woerdenbag HJ, Pras N, van Uden W et al. (1994) Progress in the research of artemisinin-related antimalarials: an update. Pharm World Sci 16: 169–180

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wright CW, Warhurst DC (2002) The mode of action of artemisinin and its derivatives. In: Wright CW (ed) Artemisia. Taylor & Francis, London New York, pp 249–288

    Google Scholar 

  • Wuttke W, Jarry H, Christoffel V et al. (2003) Chaste tree (Vitex agnuscastus) — Pharmacology and clinical indications. Phytomedicine 10: 348–357

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yeum K-J, Russell RM (2002) Carotenoid bioavailability and bioconversion. Annu Rev Nutr 22: 483–504

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang W, Luo S, Fang F et al. (2005) Total synthesis of absinthin. J Am Chem Soc 127: 18–19

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang S, Won Y-K, Ong C-N, Shen H-M (2005) Anti-cancer potential of sesquiterpene lactones: bioactivity and molecular mechanism. Curr Med Chem — Anti-Cancer Agents 5: 239–249

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou JZ, Kou X, Stevenson D (1999) Rapid extraction and high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of parthenolide in feverfew (Tanacetum parthenium). J Agric Food Chem 47: 1018–1022

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Springer Medizin Verlag Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sticher, O. (2007). Isoprenoide als Inhaltsstoffe. In: Hänsel, R., Sticher, O. (eds) Pharmakognosie — Phytopharmazie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg . https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-34281-6_23

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics