Abstract
The main dilemma in the investigation of upper urinary tract dilatation is to distinguish between dilatation with obstruction, dilatation with no obstruction and dilatation associated with vesicoureteric reflux (VUR). At times the obstructive cause is obvious, e.g., duplex kidney with upper moiety dilatation due to a ureterocele or upper tract dilatation due to posterior urethral valves. However, the commonest abnormality found is unilateral renal pelvic dilatation (RPD), commonly termed ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJ). There is controversy concerning the investigations and the treatment of RPD in certain clinical situations. Renal cysts are uncommon in children, and a dilated upper pole calyx of a duplex kidney is an important differential diagnosis to be excluded. Causes of upper urinary tract dilatation are listed in Table 12.1.
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Hiorns, M.P., Gordon, I. (2008). Upper Urinary Tract Dilatation in Newborns and Infants. In: Fotter, R. (eds) Pediatric Uroradiology. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-33005-9_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-33005-9_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
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