Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Modules, Brains and Schemas

  • Chapter
Formal Methods in Software and Systems Modeling

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNPSE,volume 3393))

Abstract

A short personal note briefly traces the author’s interactions with Hartmut Ehrig. Where Ehrig has devoted much work to an algebraic theory of modules, the author has developed schema theory primarily as a tool for brain theory, but the author’s version of schema theory has also been associated with algebraic theory and robotics. Topics presented in the present informal overview of schema theory include the role of schemas in bridging from action-oriented perception to knowledge, the notion of schema instances and their role in cooperative computation, learning in schemas, and ways of linking schemas to the study of the brain.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Arbib, M.A.: The Metaphorical Brain: An Introduction to Cybernetics as Artificial Intelligence and Brain Theory, p. 168. Wiley-Interscience, New York (1972)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Arbib, M.A.: Artificial Intelligence and Brain Theory: Unities and Diversities. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 3, 238–274 (1975)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Arbib, M.A.: Perceptual Structures and Distributed Motor Control. In: Brooks, V.B. (ed.) Handbook of Physiology, Section 2: The Nervous System, Motor Control, Part 1, vol. II, pp. 1449–1480. American Physiological Society (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Arbib, M.A.: Modularity and Interaction of Brain Regions Underlying Visuomotor Coordination. In: Garfield, J.L. (ed.) Modularity in Knowledge Representation and Natural Language Understanding, pp. 333–363 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Arbib, M.A.: Levels of Modelling of Visually Guided Behavior (with peer commentary and author’s response). Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10, 407–465 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Arbib, M.A.: The Metaphorical Brain 2: Neural Networks and Beyond. Wiley-Interscience, Hoboken (1989)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Arbib, M.A.: A Piagetian Perspective on Mathematical Construction. Synthese 84, 43–58 (1990)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Arbib, M.A.: Schema Theory: From Kant to McCulloch and Beyond, in Brain Processes, Theories and Models. In: Moreno-Diaz, R., Mira-Mira, J. (eds.) An International Conference in Honor of W.S. McCulloch 25 Years After His Death, pp. 11–23. The MIT Press, Cambridge (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Arbib, M.A.: Rana computatrix to human language: towards a computational neuroethology of language evolution. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 361, 2345–2379 (2003)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  10. Arbib, M.A., Hesse, M.B.: The Construction of Reality. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1986)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  11. Arbib, M.A., Conklin, E.J., Hill, J.C.: From Schema Theory to Language. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Arbib, M.A., Érdi, P., Szentágothai, J.: Neural Organization: Structure, Function, and Dynamics. The MIT Press, Cambridge (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Bartlett, F.C.: Remembering. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1932)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Beth, E.W., Piaget, J.: Mathematical Epistemology and Psychology (Translated from the French by W. Mays). Reidel (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Braitenberg, V.: Taxis, kinesis, decussation. Progress in Brain Research 17, 210–222 (1965)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Braitenberg, V.: Vehicles: Experiments in Synthetic Psychology. Bradford Books/The MIT Press, Cambridge (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Brooks, R.A.: A robust layered control system for a mobile robot. IEEE Journal of Robotics and Automation RA-2, 14–23 (1986)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  18. Craik, K.J.W.: The Nature of Explanation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1943)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Davis, R., Smith, R.G.: Negotiation as a metaphor for distributed problem solving. Artificial Intelligence 20, 63–109 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Edelman, G.M.: Neural Darwinism: The Theory of Neuronal Group Selection. Basic Books (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Erman, L.D., Hayes-Roth, F.A., Lesser, V.R., Reddy, D.R.: The Hearsay- II Speech-Understanding System: Integrating Knowledge to Resolve Uncertainty. Computing Surveys 12, 213–253 (1980)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Fodor, J.: The Modularity of Mind. MIT Press/A Bradford Book (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Gregory, R.L.: On How so Little Information Controls so much Behavior. In: Waddington, C.H. (ed.) Towards a Theoretical Biology, Sketches, vol. 2. Edinburgh University Press (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Head, H., Holmes, G.: Sensory Disturbances from Cerebral Lesions. Brain 34, 102–254 (1911)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Hebb, D.O.: The Organization of Behavior. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester (1949)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Hesse, M.B.: Revolutions and Reconstructions in the Philosophy of Science. Indiana University Press (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Hewitt, C.E.: Viewing control structures as patterns of passing messages. Artificial Intelligence 8, 323–364 (1977)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Hoff, B., Arbib, M.A.: Simulation of Interaction of Hand Transport and Preshape During Visually Guided Reaching to Perturbed Targets. J.Motor Behav. 25, 175–192 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Hubel, D.H., Wiesel, T.N.: Sequence regularity and geometry of orientation columns in the monkey striate cortex. J. Comparative Neurology 158, 267–294 (1974)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Jeannerod, M.: The Cognitive Neuroscience of Action. Blackwell Publishers, Oxford (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Kilmer, W.L., McCulloch, W.S., Blum, J.: A model of the vertebrate central command system. Int. J. Man-Machine Studies 1, 279–309 (1969)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Lettvin, J.Y., Maturana, H., McCulloch, W.S., Pitts, W.H.: What the frog’s eye tells the frog’s brain. Proc. IRE. 47, 1940–1951 (1959)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. MacKay, D.M.: Cerebral Organization and the Conscious Control of Action. In: Eccles, J.C. (ed.) Brain and Conscious Experience, pp. 422–440. Springer, Heidelberg (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Mandler, G.: Cognitive Psychology: An Essay in Cognitive Science. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Maravita, A., Iriki, A.: Tools for the body (schema). Trends in Cognitive Sciences 8, 79–86 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Minsky, M.L.: A Framework for Representing Knowledge. In: Winston, P.H. (ed.) The Psychology of Computer Vision, pp. 211–277. McGraw-Hill, New York (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Minsky, M.L.: Matter, Mind and Models. In: Information Processing 1965, Proceedings of IFIP Congress 65, Spartan Books, vol. 1, pp. 45–59 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Minsky, M.L.: A Framework for Representing Knowledge. In: Winston, P.H. (ed.) The Psychology of Computer Vision, pp. 211–277. McGraw-Hill, New York (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Minsky, M.L.: The Society of Mind, Simon and Schuster, New York, pp. 244–250 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Mountcastle, V.B., Powell, T.P.S.: Neural mechanisms subserving cutaneous sensibility, with special reference to the role of afferent inhibition in sensory perception and discrimination. Bulletin of Johns Hopkins Hospital 105, 201–232 (1959)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Neisser, U.: Cognition and Reality: Principles and Implications of Cognitive Psychology. W.H. Freeman, New York (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Piaget, J.: Biology and Knowledge. Edinburgh University Press (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Pitts, W.H., McCulloch, W.S.: How we know universals, the perception of auditory and visual forms. Bull. Math. Biophys. 9, 127–147 (1947)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Ramón y Cajal, S.: Histologie du systeme nerveux. A. Maloine, Paris (1911); English Translation by N. and L. Swanson. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Schank, R., Abelson, R.: Scripts, Plans, Goals and Understanding: An Inquiry into Human Knowledge Structures. Erlbaum, Mahwah (1977)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  46. Scheibel, M.E., Scheibel, A.B.: Structural substrates for integrative patterns in the brain stem reticular core. In: Jasper, H.H., et al. (eds.) Reticular Formation of the Brain, pp. 31–68. Little, Brown and Co. (1958)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Schmidt, R.A.: The Schema as a Solution to Some Persistent Problems in Motor Learning Theory. In: Stelmach, G.E. (ed.) Motor Control: Issues and Trends, pp. 41–65. Academic Press, New York (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Shallice, T.: From Neuropsychology to Mental Structure. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1988)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  49. Sherrington, C.S.: The integrative action of the nervous system. Yale University Press, New Haven (1906)

    Google Scholar 

  50. Vidal, J.M., Durfee, E.H.: Multiagent systems. In: Arbib, M.A. (ed.) The Handbook of Brain Theory and Neural Networks, 2nd edn., pp. 707–711. A Bradford Book/The MIT Press, Cambridge (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  51. Walter, W.G.: The Living Brain. Penguin Books, Harmondsworth (1953)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Computer Science, Neuroscience and USC Brain Project, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089-2520, USA

    Michael A. Arbib

Authors
  1. Michael A. Arbib
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, University of Bremen, P.O. Box 33 04 40, 28334, Bremen, Germany

    Hans-Jörg Kreowski

  2. Dipartimento di Informatica, Università di Pisa,  

    Ugo Montanari

  3. Dpto de L.S.I., Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Nord, Mòdul Omega, Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034, Barcelona, Spain

    Fernando Orejas

  4. Leiden Center of Advanced Computer Science (LIACS), Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 1, 2333, Leiden, CA, The Netherlands

    Grzegorz Rozenberg

  5. Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany

    Gabriele Taentzer

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Arbib, M.A. (2005). Modules, Brains and Schemas. In: Kreowski, HJ., Montanari, U., Orejas, F., Rozenberg, G., Taentzer, G. (eds) Formal Methods in Software and Systems Modeling. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3393. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31847-7_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31847-7_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-24936-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-31847-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation