Abstract
An effective video watermarking algorithm is proposed to protect the copyright. Two perceptual binary images are used as the watermark and the watermarking procedure is based on a three-dimensional discrete wavelet transform (3-D DWT) and two spread spectrum sequences. Two perceptual watermarks are preprocessed using mixing and pseudorandom permutation. After dividing the video sequence into video shots, the 3-D DWT is performed, then the preprocessed watermarks are embedded into the 3-D DWT coefficients, while considering robustness and invisibility, using two spread spectrum sequences defined as the user key. Experimental results show that the watermarked frames are subjectively indistinguishable from the original frames, plus the proposed video watermarking algorithm is sufficiently robust against such attacks as low pass filtering, frame dropping, frame average, and MPEG coding.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Cox, I.J., Kilian, I., Leighton, T., Shamoon, T.: Secure spread spectrum watermarking for multimedia. IEEE Trans. Image Processing 6(12), 1673–1687 (1997)
Hsu, C.T., Wu, J.L.: Dct-Based Watermarking for video. IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics 44(1), 206–216 (1998)
Niu, X., Sun, S., Xiang, W.: Multiresolution Watermarking For Video Based on Gray-Level Digital Watermark. IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics 46(2), 375–384 (2000)
Hsu, C.T., Wu, J.L.: Hidden DigitalWatermarks in Images. IEEE Trans. Image Processing 8(1), 58–68 (1999)
Swanson, M.D., Zhu, B., Tewfik, A.H.: Multiresolution Scene-Based Video Watermarking Using Perceptual Models. IEEE Journal Selected Areas in Communication 16(4), 540–550 (1998)
Podilchuk, C.I., Jayant, N.S., Farvardin, N.: Three-Dimensional Subband Coding of Video. IEEE Trans. Image Processing 4(2), 125–139 (1995)
Gao, X., Tang, X.: Unsupervised Video-Shot Segmentation and Model-Free Anchorperson Detection for News Video Story Parsing. IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems for Video Tech. 12(9), 765–776 (2002)
Ruanaidh, J.J.K.O., Csurka, G.: A Bayesian Approach To Spread Spectrum Watermark Detection and Secure Copyright Protection of Digital Image Libraries. In: IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 1, pp. 23–25 (1999)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kim, SJ., Lee, SH., Kim, TS., Kwon, KR., Lee, KI. (2005). A Video Watermarking Using the 3-D Wavelet Transform and Two Perceptual Watermarks. In: Cox, I.J., Kalker, T., Lee, HK. (eds) Digital Watermarking. IWDW 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3304. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31805-7_25
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31805-7_25
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-24839-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-31805-7
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)