Abstract
A vector quantisation (VQ) based watermarking scheme for hiding the gray watermark is presented. It expands the watermark size, and employs VQ index assignment procedure with genetic algorithm, called genetic index assignment (GIA), for watermarking. The gray watermark is coded by VQ, and obtained indices are translated into a binary bitstream with a much smaller size. We partition the codebook into two sub-codebooks, and use either one of them based on the value of the bit for embedding. Next, GIA is employed to find better imperceptibility of watermarked image. Experimental results show that the proposed method possesses advantages over other related methods in literature.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Cox, I.J., Miller, M.L., Bloom, J.A.: Digital Watermarking. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (2000)
Katzenbeisser, S., Petitcolas, F. (eds.): Information Hiding Techniques for Steganography and Digital Watermarking. Artech House, Norwood (2000)
Gersho, A., Gray, R.M.: Vector Quantization and Signal Compression. Kluwer Academic Publisher, London (1992)
Lu, Z.M., Sun, S.H.: Digital ImageWatermarking Technique Based on Vector Quantisation. IEE Electronics Letters 36, 303–305 (2000)
Jo, M., Kim, H.: A Digital Image Watermarking Scheme Based on Vector Quantisation. IEICE Trans. Inf. & Syst. E85-D, 1054–1056 (2002)
Wang, F.H., Jain, L.C., Pan, J.S.: A Novel VQ-Based Watermarking Scheme with Genetic Codebook Partition. In: Proceeding of the 3rd International Conference of Hybrid Intelligent Systems, pp. 1003–1011. The IOS Press, Melbourne (2003)
Huang, H.-C., Wang, F.H., Pan, J.S.: A VQ-based Robust Multi-watermarking Algorithm. IEICE Trans. Fundamentals E85-A, 1719–1726 (2002)
Goldberg, D.E.: Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and Machine Learning. Addison-Wesley, Massachusetts (1992)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Wang, FH., Pan, JS., Jain, L., Huang, HC. (2004). VQ-Based Gray Watermark Hiding Scheme and Genetic Index Assignment. In: Aizawa, K., Nakamura, Y., Satoh, S. (eds) Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2004. PCM 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3332. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30542-2_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30542-2_10
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-23977-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-30542-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)