Abstract
Because of its clarity and its simplified way of writing, controlled language (CL) is being paid increasing attention by NLP (natural language processing) researchers, such as in machine translation. The users of controlled languages are of two types, firstly the authors of documents written in the controlled language and secondly the end-user readers of the documents. As a subset of natural language, controlled language restricts vocabulary, grammar, and style for the purpose of reducing or eliminating both ambiguity and complexity. The use of controlled language can help decrease the complexity of natural language to a certain degree and thus improve the translation quality, especially for the partial or total automatic translation of non-general purpose texts, such as technical documents, manuals, instructions and medical reports. Our focus is on the machine translation of medical protocols applied in the field of zoonosis. In this article we will briefly introduce why controlled language is preferred in our research work, what kind of benefits it will bring to our work and how we could make use of this existing technique to facilitate our translation tool.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alsharaf, H., Cardey, S., Greenfield, P., Shen, Y.: Problems and Solutions in Machine Translation Involving Arabic, Chinese and French. In: Actes de l’International Conference on Information Technology, ITCC 2004, April 5-7, vol. 2, pp. 293–297. IEEE Computer Society, Las Vegas (2004)
Alsharaf, H., Cardey, S., Greenfield, P.: French to Arabic Machine Translation: the Specificity of Language Couples. In: Actes de The European Association for Machine Translation (EAMT) Ninth Workshop, April 26-27. Foundation for International Studies, University of Malta, Malta (2004)
Altwarg, R.: Controlled languages: An Introduction, http://www.shlrc.mq.edu.au/masters/students/raltwarg/
Cardey, S., Greenfield, P.: Peut-on séparer lexique, syntaxe, sémantique en traitement automatique des langues? Cahiers de lexicologie 71, 37–51 (1997) ISSN 007-9871
Cardey, S., Greenfield, P.: Systemic Language Analysis and Processing .To appear in the Proceedings of the International Conference on Language, Brain and Computation, October 3- 5, Venice, Italy, Benjamins (2004)
Cardey, S.: Traitement algorithmique de la grammaire normative du français pour une utilisation automatique et didactique, Thèse de Doctorat d’Etat, Université de Franche- Comté, France (June 1987)
Cardey, S., Greenfield, P., Hong, M.-S.: The TACT machine translation system: problems and solutions for the pair Korean – French, Translation Quarterly, No. 27, The Hong Kong Translation Society, Hong Kong, pp. 22-44 (2003)
Namahn :Controlled Languages, a research note by Namahn , http://www.namahn.com/resources/documents/note-CL.pdf
Olu Tomori, S.H.: The Morphology and Syntax of Present-day English: An Introduction, London, HEINEMANN Educational Books Ltd (1997)
Cole, R.A., et al.: Survey of the State of the Art in Human Language Technology – Section 7.6 (1996), http://cslu.cse.ogi.edu/HLTsurvey/ch7node8.html
Sågvall-Hein, A.: Language Control and Machine Translation. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Machine Translation (MI 1997), Santa Fe (1997)
Shen, Y., Cardey, S.: Vers un traitement du groupe nominal dans la traduction automatique chinois-français, Ve Congrès International de Traduction, Barcelona, 29- 31 October (2001)
Mitamura, T.: Controlled Language for multilingual Machine Translation. In: Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit, Singapore, September 13-17 (1999), http://www.lti.cs.cmu.edu/Research/Kant/PDF/MTSummit99.pdf
Tenni, J., et al.: Machine Learning of Language Translation Rules, http://www.vtt.fi/tte/language/publications/smc99.pdf
Simplified English, userlab Inc. 1-800-295-6354 (in North America), http://www.userlab.com/SE.html
Van der Eijk, P.: Controlled Languages and Technical Documentation. Report of Cap Gemini ATS, Utrecht (1998)
张斌《汉语语法学》Century Publishing Group of Shanghai (2003)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Cardey, S., Greenfield, P., Wu, X. (2004). Designing a Controlled Language for the Machine Translation of Medical Protocols: The Case of English to Chinese. In: Frederking, R.E., Taylor, K.B. (eds) Machine Translation: From Real Users to Research. AMTA 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 3265. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30194-3_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30194-3_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-23300-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-30194-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive