Skip to main content

Engineering Democracy in Open Agent Systems

  • Conference paper
Engineering Societies in the Agents World IV (ESAW 2003)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 3071))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

How should open agent societies be organized? Should they be democracies, and, if so, what types of democracy? We present three normative models of democracy from political philosophy and consider their relevance for the engineering of open multi-agent systems: democracy as wise rule by an elite; democracy as the exercise of rational consumer choices by voters; and democracy as deliberative decision-making by citizens. We consider the implications of these different models for the design of open systems, in terms of the communications language, the interaction protocol, and the conflict-resolution mechanism used by the agents involved. We also consider the issue of verifiability of the internal semantics of communications languages, and argue that a model of agent democracy based on deliberative democracy provides the basis for a form of verifiability which is stronger than a social semantics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Noriega, P., Sierra, C.: Towards layered dialogical agents. In: Müller, J.P., Wooldridge, M.J., Jennings, N.R. (eds.) ECAI-WS 1996 and ATAL 1996. LNCS, vol. 1193, pp. 173–188. Springer, Heidelberg (1997)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Bohman, J., Rehg, W.: Introduction. [12] ix–xxx

    Google Scholar 

  3. Rousseau, J.J.: The Social Contract. Oxford University Press, Oxford (1994); Published 1762. Translated by Christopher Betts, in a volume entitled: “Discourse on Political Economy and The Social Contract”

    Google Scholar 

  4. Habermas, J.: The Inclusion of the Other: Studies in Political Theory. MIT Press, Cambridge (1998) (Edited by Cronin, C., De Greiff , P.)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Schumpeter, J.: Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy, 3rd edn. Harper, New York (1950); 1st edn. (1942)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Downs, A.: An Economic Theory of Democracy. Harper and Row, New York (1957)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Arrow, K.J.: Social Choice and Individual Values. Wiley, New York (1951)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Lange, O.: The scope and method of economics. The Review of Economic Studies 13, 19–32 (1945–1946)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Rehg, W.: The argumentation theorist in deliberative democracy. Controversia: An International Journal of Debate and Democratic Renewal 1, 18–42 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Beasley, R., Danesi, M.: Persuasive Signs: The Semiotics of Advertising, Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, Germany (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Bessette, J.: Deliberative Democracy: The majority principle in republican government. In: Goldwin, R.A., Schambra, W.A. (eds.) How Democratic is the Constitution?, American Enterprise Institute, Washington, DC, USA, pp. 102–116 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Bohman, J., Rehg, W. (eds.): Deliberative Democracy: Essays on Reason and Politics. MIT Press, Cambridge (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Forester, J.: The Deliberative Practitioner: Encouraging Participatory Planning Processes. MIT Press, Cambridge (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Fiorino, D.J.: Environmental risk and democratic process: a critical review. Columbia Journal of Environmental Law 14, 501–547 (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Webler, T., Tuler, S., Krueger, R.: What is a good public participation process? Five perspectives from the public. Environmental Management 27, 435–450 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Jaeger, C.C., Renn, O., Rosa, E.A., Webler, T.: Risk, Uncertainty, and Rational Action. Earthscan Publications, London (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Mandler, M.: A difficult choice in preference theory: rationality implies completeness or transitivity but not both. In: Millgram, E. (ed.) Varieties of Practical Reasoning, pp. 373–402. MIT Press, Cambridge (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Sen, A.: Rationality and Freedom. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Habermas, J.: The Theory of Communicative Action, Heinemann, London, UK. Reason and the Rationalization of Society, vol. 1 (1984); Translation by T. Mc- Carthy of: Theorie des Kommunikativen Handelns, Band I, Handlungsrationalitat und gesellschaftliche Rationalisierung. Suhrkamp, Frankfurt, Germany (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Johnson, R.: Manifest Rationality: A Pragmatic Theory of Argument. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ducasse, S., Hofmann, T., Nierstrasz, O.: OpenSpaces: an object-oriented framework for reconfigurable coordination spaces. In: Porto, A., Roman, G.-C. (eds.) COORDINATION 2000. LNCS, vol. 1906, pp. 1–19. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  22. FIPA: English Auction Interaction Protocol Specification. Experimental Standard XC00031F, FIPA (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Amgoud, L., Maudet, N., Parsons, S.: Modelling dialogues using argumentation. In: Durfee, E. (ed.) Proceedings Fourth International Conference on Multi-Agent Systems (ICMAS 2000), Boston, MA, USA, pp. 31–38. IEEE Press, Los Alamitos (2000)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  24. McBurney, P., Eijk, R., Parsons, S., Amgoud, L.: A dialogue-game protocol for agent purchase negotiations. Journal of Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems 7, 235–273 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Parsons, S., Sierra, C., Jennings, N.R.: Agents that reason and negotiate by arguing. Journal of Logic and Computation 8, 261–292 (1998)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. McBurney, P., Parsons, S., Wooldridge, M.: Desiderata for agent argumentation protocols. In: Castelfranchi, C., Johnson, W.L. (eds.) Proceedings First International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and MAS (AAMAS 2002), pp. 402–409. ACM Press, New York (2002)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  27. FIPA: Communicative Act Library Specification. Standard SC00037J, Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Greenwood, K., Bench-Capon, T., McBurney, P.: Towards a computational account of persuasion in law. In: Sartor, G. (ed.) Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on AI and Law (ICAIL 2003), pp. 22–31. ACM Press, New York (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  29. Hitchcock, D., McBurney, P., Parsons, S.: A framework for deliberation dialogues. In: Hansen, H.V., Tindale, C.W., Blair, J.A., Johnson, R.H. (eds.) Proceedings of the Fourth Biennial Conference of the Ontario Society for the Study of Argumentation (OSSA 2001), Windsor, Ontario, Canada (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Castelfranchi, C.: Guarantees for autonomy in cognitive agent architectures. In: Wooldridge, M.J., Jennings, N.R. (eds.) ECAI 1994 and ATAL 1994. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 890, pp. 56–80. Springer, Heidelberg (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  31. McBurney, P., Parsons, S.: Games that agents play: A formal framework for dialogues between autonomous agents. Journal of Logic, Language and Information 11, 315–334 (2002)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  32. Alexy, R.: A theory of practical discourse. In: Benhabib, S., Dallmayr, F. (eds.) The Communicative Ethics Controversy, pp. 151–190. MIT Press, Cambridge (1990); Published in German 1978

    Google Scholar 

  33. Hitchcock, D.: Some principles of rational mutual inquiry. In: Eemeren, F., et al. (eds.) Proceedings Second International Conference on Argumentation, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, SICSAT, pp. 236–243 (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Krabbe, E.C.W.: The problem of retraction in critical discussion. Synthese 127, 141–159 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. McBurney, P., Parsons, S.: Representing epistemic uncertainty by means of dialectical argumentation. Annals of Mathematics and AI 32, 125–169 (2001)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  36. Artikis, A., Sergot, M., Pitt, J.: An executable specification of an argumentation protocol. In: Sartor, G. (ed.) Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on AI and Law (ICAIL 2003), pp. 1–11. ACM Press, New York (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  37. Hunsberger, L., Zancanaro, M.: A mechanism for group decision making in collaborative activity. In: Proceedings 17th National Conference on AI (AAAI 2000), pp. 30–35. AAAI Press, Menlo Park (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Dung, P.M.: On the acceptability of arguments and its fundamental role in nonmonotonic reasoning, logic programming and n-person games. Artificial Intelligence 77, 321–357 (1995)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  39. Krause, P., Ambler, S., Elvang-Gørannson, M., Fox, J.: A logic of argumentation for reasoning under uncertainty. Computational Intelligence 11 (1), 113–131 (1995)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  40. Ivie, R.L.: Rhetorical deliberation and democratic politics in the here and now. Rhetoric and Public Affairs 5 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Mouffe, C.: The Return of the Political. Verso, London (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Pitt, J., Mamdani, A.: Some remarks on the semantics of FIPA’s Agent Communications Language. Journal of Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems 2, 333–356 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Wooldridge, M.J.: Semantic issues in the verification of agent communication languages. Journal of Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems 3, 9–31 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Singh, M.P.: A social semantics for agent communications languages. In: Dignum, F., Chaib-draa, B., Weigand, H. (eds.) Proceedings of the Workshop on Agent Communication Languages, IJCAI 1999, pp. 75–88 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Amgoud, L., Maudet, N., Parsons, S.: An argumentation-based semantics for agent communications languages. In: Harmelen, F. (ed.) Proceedings 15th European Conference on AI (ECAI 2002), Toulouse, France (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Parsons, S., Wooldridge, M., Amgoud, L.: Properties and complexity of some formal inter-agent dialogues. Journal of Logic and Computation 13, 347–376 (2003)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  47. Scott, W.: Marmion: A Tale of Flodden Field. A. Constable, Edinburgh, Scotland (1808)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Richardson, H.S.: Practical Reasoning about Final Ends. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  49. Habermas, J.: On the Pragmatics of Communication. Studies in Contemporary German Social Thought. MIT Press, Cambridge (1998) (Edited by Maeve Cooke)

    Google Scholar 

  50. Bench-Capon, T.: Agreeing to differ: modeling persuasive dialogue between parties with different values. Informal Logic 22 (2003) (in press)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

McBurney, P., Parsons, S. (2004). Engineering Democracy in Open Agent Systems. In: Omicini, A., Petta, P., Pitt, J. (eds) Engineering Societies in the Agents World IV. ESAW 2003. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 3071. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-25946-6_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-25946-6_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-22231-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-25946-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics