Skip to main content

A Comparison of Adaptive Operator Scheduling Methods on the Traveling Salesman Problem

  • Conference paper
Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization (EvoCOP 2004)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 3004))

Abstract

The implementation of an evolutionary algorithm necessarily involves the selection of an appropriate set of genetic operators. For many real-world problem domains, an increasing number of such operators is available. The usefulness of these operators varies for different problem instances and can change during the course of the evolutionary process. This motivates the use of adaptive operator scheduling (AOS) to automate the selection of efficient operators. However, little research has been done on the question of which scheduling method to use. This paper compares different operator scheduling methods on the Traveling Salesman Problem. Several new AOS techniques are introduced and comparisons are made to two non-adaptive alternatives.

The results show that most of the introduced algorithms perform as well as Davis’ algorithm while being significantly less cumbersome to implement. Overall, the use of AOS is shown to give significant performance improvements – both in quality of result and convergence time.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Boomsma, W.: Using adaptive operator scheduling on problem domains with an operator manifold: Applications to the travelling salesman problem. In: Proceedings of the 2003 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC 2003), vol. 2, pp. 1274–1279 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Angeline, P.J.: Adaptive and self-adaptive evolutionary computations. In: Palaniswami, M., Attikiouzel, Y. (eds.) Computational Intelligence: A Dynamic Systems Perspective, pp. 152–163. IEEE Press, Los Alamitos (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Davis, L.: Adapting operator probabilities in genetic algorithms. In: Schaffer, J.D. (ed.) Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, San Mateo, CA, Morgan Kaufman, San Francisco (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Julstrom, B.A.: What have you done for me lately? Adapting operator probabilities in a steady-state genetic algorithm. In: Eshelman, L. (ed.) Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, San Francisco, CA, pp. 81–87. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Schlierkamp-Voosen, D., Mühlenbein, H.: Strategy adaptation by competing subpopulations. In: Davidor, Y., Schwefel, H.P., Männer, R. (eds.) Parallel Problem Solving from Nature – PPSN III, Berlin, pp. 199–208. Springer, Heidelberg (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Spears, W.M.: Adapting crossover in evolutionary algorithms. In: McDonnell, J.R., Reynolds, R.G., Fogel, D.B. (eds.) Proc. of the Fourth Annual Conference on Evolutionary Programming, Cambridge, MA, pp. 367–384. MIT Press, Cambridge (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Storn, R., Price, K.: Differential evolution - a simple and efficient heuristic for global optimisation over continuous spaces. Journal of Global Optimization 11, 341–359 (1997)

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Bäck, T., Hoffmeister, F., Schwefel, H.P.: A survey of evolution strategies. In: Belew, R., Booker, L. (eds.) Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Genetic Algorithms, San Mateo, CA, pp. 2–9. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Bäck, T.: Evolution strategies: An alternative evolutionary algorithm. In: Alliot, J., Lutton, E., Ronald, E., Schoenhauer, M., Snyers, D. (eds.) Artificial Evolution, pp. 3–20. Springer, Heidelberg (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Larrañaga, P., Kuijpers, C.M.H., Murga, R.H., Inza, I., Dizdarevic, S.: Genetic algorithms for the travelling salesman problem: A review of representations and operators. Artificial Intelligence Review 13, 129–170 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Nagata, Y., Kobayashi, S.: Edge assembly crossover: A high-power genetic algorithm for the travelling salesman problem. In: Bäck, T. (ed.) Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Genetic Algorithms (ICGA 1997), San Francisco, CA, Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Tao, G., Michalewicz, Z.: Inver-over operator for the TSP. In: Eiben, A.E., Bäck, T., Schoenauer, M., Schwefel, H.P. (eds.) Parallel Problem Solving from Nature – PPSN V, Berlin, pp. 803–812. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Reinelt, G.: TSPLIB — a traveling salesman problem library. ORSA Journal on Computing 3, 376–384 (1991)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Boomsma, W. (2004). A Comparison of Adaptive Operator Scheduling Methods on the Traveling Salesman Problem. In: Gottlieb, J., Raidl, G.R. (eds) Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization. EvoCOP 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3004. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24652-7_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24652-7_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-21367-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-24652-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics