Abstract
In conventional patchwork, the difference of the mean values of two groups is compared for watermark detection. We propose order-statistical patchwork schemes, which achieves significant improvements over conventional patchwork. First, we show that, when the mean comparison in patchwork is replaced by the median comparison, we get PSNR improvement due to informed watermarking. Second, we propose a majority voting scheme of a sequential comparison of pixel pairs in a sorted order, which produces significantly lower BER. The performance improvements are mathematically analyzed and tested. In experimental results, PSNR is about 6dB~15dB higher in the first method and BER is about 1/5~1/2 times lower in the second method than conventional patchwork.
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© 2004 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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Kuk, H., Kim, Y.C. (2004). Performance Analysis of Order Statistical Patchwork. In: Kalker, T., Cox, I., Ro, Y.M. (eds) Digital Watermarking. IWDW 2003. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 2939. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24624-4_19
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24624-4_19
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-21061-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-24624-4
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