Skip to main content

Independents and Citizen’s Groups in Portuguese Municipalities

  • Chapter
Farewell to the Party Model?

Abstract

Portugal has been living in democracy for the last three decades. After the revolution of April 25th, 1974, and a two year transition period, democratic institutions have begun to function with some regularity towards a multi-party system. There have been four major parties in Portugal since 1974–1975: the Socialist Party (PS), the Social Democrat Party (PSD), the Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) and the Popular Party (former CDS — Social Democrat Centre, now CDSPP), on the right wing (see analysis of statutes in Lobo 2003: 253–261). The two major parties, the Socialist Party (PS — centre left) and the Social Democrat Party (PSD — centre right), usually alternate in the control of central government, sometimes in coalition to other parties. Nowadays, this two-party system characterises most democracies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Almeida, J. M./ Pedroso de, B. (1991): Portugal: Overcoming the Central-Local Government Dichotomy. In: Hesse, J. J. (Ed.): Local Government and Urban Affairs in International Perspective. Analyses of Twenty Western Industrialised Countries. Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 497–515.

    Google Scholar 

  • Almeida, M. A. (2006a): A Revolução no Alentejo. Memória e Trauma da Reforma Agrária em Avis. Lisboa: Imprensa de Ciências Sociais.

    Google Scholar 

  • Almeida, M. A. (2006b): Local elites and the Portuguese revolution: recruitment of mayors before and after 1974. Electronic Resource: http://www.essex.ac.uk/ ECPR/events/jointsessions/paperarchive/nicosia/ws3/Pires%20de%20Almeida.pdf [29.11.2007].

    Google Scholar 

  • Freire, A. (Ed.) (2001): Recrutamento Parlamentar: os Deputados Portugueses da Constituinte à VIII Legislatura. Lisboa: STAPE/MAI.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freire, A. (2003): Recrutamento Parlamentar e reforma das instituições. In: Pinto, A. C./ Freire, A. (Ed.): Elites, Sociedade e Mudança Política. Oeiras: Celta Editera, 181–216.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guérin, E./ Kerrouche, E. (2006): Les élus locaux en Europe, un statut en mutation. Paris: La documentation française, Coll. Etudes.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lobo, M. C. (2001): The Emergence of a Prime Ministerial Model. Coordination in the Portuguese Government, 1976-1995. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Magone, J. M. (2003): Portugal: The Patrimonial Heritage and the Emergence of a Democratic Political Class. In: Borchert, J./ Zeiss, J. (Eds.): The political class in advanced democracies. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 320–335.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mair, P. (1997): Party System Change. Approaches and Interpretations. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mair, P./ Biezen, I. (2001): Party membership in twenty European democracies. In: Party Politics, 7,1, 5–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mair, P. (2003): Os partidos politicos e a democracia. In: Análise Social, Vol. XXXVIII,167, 277–293.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martins, M. M. (2003): Participação Política e Grupos de Cidadãos Eleitores. Um Contributo para o Estudo da Democracia Portuguesa. Lisboa: ISCPS.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pereira, A. (1991): The System of Local Government in Portugal. In: Batley, R./ Stoker, G. (Eds.): Local Government in Europe. Trends and Development. London: Macmillan, 134–145.

    Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, A. (1996): Why does Local Democracy Matter? In: Pratchett, L./ Wilson, D. (Eds.): Local Democracy and Local Government. Houndmills: Macmillan, 20–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber, M. (1959): Le savant et le politique. Paris: Plon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zbyszewski, J. P. (2006): Algumas reflexões sobre a eleição e o funcionamento das autarquias locais. In: Eleições. Revista de Assuntos Eleitorais, 10, 97–107.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Marion Reiser Everhard Holtmann

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

de Almeida, M.A.P. (2008). Independents and Citizen’s Groups in Portuguese Municipalities. In: Reiser, M., Holtmann, E. (eds) Farewell to the Party Model?. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90923-3_13

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics