Abstract
During the 20th century the average expected lifetime increased by some 25 years in Europe. This means that almost every fifth person in Europe is a woman aged 50 or more years. Despite this fact, efforts by researchers and statisticians to compile information on the living conditions of older women have shown a tendency to neglect this group in scientific studies and official statistics (Stiehr, Huth, 2001).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aguero-Torres H, Fratiglioni Laura, Guo Z, Viitanben M, Winblad Bengt, (1999): Mortality from dementia in advanced age: a 5-year follow-up study of incident dementia cases. Journal of clinical epidemiology. Aug; 52(8):737–743. PMID:10465318 [PubMedindexed for MEDLINE.
Akner, Gunnar (ed) (2003): Geriatric Care and Treatment A systematic compilation of existing scientific literature. (Evidensbaserad äldrevard. En inventering av det vetenskapliga underlaget.) Stockholm. The Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care. Pdf fulltext: http://www.sbu.se/www/index.asp.
Statens räddningsverk (2003): Äldres skador i Sverige: äldreskadeatlas med data och trender pa nationeil, läns-, kommungruppsoch kommunniva 1987–2001 (Accidents among elderly in Sweden) Karlstad. Räddningsverket.
Andersson, Jenny (2002): Older Women and Food. Dietary Intake and Meals in Self-Managing and Disabled Females Living at Home. Uppsala. Diss. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Faculty of Social Sciences. For summary, see http://publications.uu.se/theses/abstract.xsql?dbid=2558.
Berleen, Göran (2004): A healthier elderly population in Sweden. Stockholm: National Institute of Public Health, Sweden [Statens folkhälsoinstitut], 2004 (Sandviken: Sandvikens tr.).
Carlstedt, Gunilla, Forssén, Annika, (1999): Mellan ansvar och makt: en diskussion om arbete, hälsa och ohälsa utifrân tjugo kvinnors livsberättelse. Diss. Medical Sc. Lulea. Lulea tekniska universitet.
Carlstedt, Gunilla, Forssén, Annika, (1999): Between responsibility and power. A discussion of work, health and ill health from the life-histories of twenty women. English summary of a dissertation: Mellan ansvar & makt. Luleâ. See also: http://www.luth.se/depts/arb/genus_tekn/GA summary.htm.
Duffy S.W., Tabar L., Chen H.H., Holmqvist M., Yen M.F., Abdsala S., Epstein B., Frodis E., Ljungberg E., Hedborg-Melander C, Sundbom A., Tholin M., Wiege M., Akerlund A., Wu H.M., Tung T.S., Chiu Y.H., Chiu C.P., Huang C.C., Smith R.A., Rosén M., Stenbeck M., Holmberg L (2002): The impact of organised mammography service screening on breast cancer mortality in seven Swedish counties. Cancer. 2002 Aug 1; 95(3):458–469. PMID: 12209737 [PubMed — indexed for MEDLINE].
Eriksson, Hjelde (2001): Ofrid?: Vald mot äldre kvinnor och man–en omfangsundersökning i Umea kommun. (Be at strife. Violence against women and men) Brottsoffermyndigheten (The Crime Victim Compensation and Support Authority). Umea: Brottsoffermyndigheten; Stockholm: Fritzes offentliga publikationer [distribution].
Fjellström Christina, Sidenvall, Birgitta, Nydahl, Margareta (2001): Food Intake and the Elderly–Social Aspects. In Frewer, L, Risvik, E, Schifferstein, H. (eds) (2001): Food, People and Society. A European Perspective of Consumers’ Food Choices. Berlin; New York: Springer.
Forssell, Emilia (2004): Skyddandets förnuft: en Studie om anhöriga till hjälpbehövande äldre som invandrat sent i livet. Summary in English: The logic of protection: a study of informal caregiving to elderly family members in immigrant families. Stockholm. Diss. Stockholms universitet. Department of Social Work. Rapport i socialt arbete.
Forssén, Annika, Carlstedt, Gunilla (2003): Varsagod och var stark: om kvinnors liv, arbete och hälsa under 1900-talet. Lund: Studentlitteratur, Lund.
Fratiglioni Laura, Viitanen M, von Strauss Eva, Tontodonati V, Herlitz Agneta, Winblad Bengt (1997): Very old women at highest risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease: incidence data from the Kungsholmen Project, Stockholm. Neurology.; 48:132–138 PMID:9008508 [PubMed — indexed for MEDLINE].
Gold, Carol H., Malmberg Bo, McClearn Gerald E., Pedersen Nancy L., Berg, Stig (2002): Gender and health: a study of older unlike-sex twins. The Journals of gerontology. Series B: Psychological sciences and social sciences. May; 57(3): 168–176. [PubMed–indexed for MEDLINE].
Granqvist, Lena, Stahlberg, Anne-Charlotte (2003): Occupational Pensions in Sweden from a Gender Perspective. In Hughes, Gerard and Stewart, Jim (eds.) (2004): Reforming Pensions in Europe: Evolution of Pension Financing and Sources of Retirement Income. Cheltenham Glos & Northampton MA. Edward Elgar.
Grimby, Agneta (1993): Bereavement among elderly people: grief reactions, postbereavement hallucinations and quality of life. Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica; 87:72–80. [PubMed — indexed for MEDLINE].
Grimby, Agneta, Svanborg, Alvar (1997): Morbidity and Health-related Quality of Life in Old Age. Aging (Milano). Oct;9(5):356–364. [PubMed — indexed for MEDLINE].
Gunnarsson Evy (2000): Kvinnors fattigdom — om könsperspektivet i forskningen om socialbidrag och fattigdom. (The Poverty of Women–on the gender perspective in research on social assistance and poverty). Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift arg. 7:1–2: 57–71; Reprint series No. 113. Department of Social Work, Stockholm Univ.
Gunnarsson Evy (2002): Det utsatta livsloppet i skuggan av de gynnade generationerna. Om medelalders och äldre kvinnors försörjning. (The vulnerable life course in the shadow of the favoured generations. On the maintenance of middle-aged and older women). Socialvetenskaplig tidskrift arg 9:4: 357–374; Reprint series 132. Department of Social Work, Stockholm Univ.
Gunnarsson Evy (2002): The vulnerable life course: poverty and social assistance among middle aged and older women. Ageing and Society vol. 22:709–728. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press; Reprint series no 135, Department of Social Work, Stockholm University.
Gustafsson Kerstin (2002): Meals and Food in Older Women. Health Perceptions, Eating Habits and Food Management. Dissertation. Uppsala Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. http://publications.uu.se/theses/abstract.xsql?dbid= 2638.
Hellström Ylva (2003): Quality of life among older people receiving ADL help. Help, help providers, and complaints. Lund. Diss. Department of Nursing, Lund University, Sweden. Bulletin No. 13.
Hemström, Örjan (2001): Biological and social conditions: hypotheses regarding mortality differences between men and women. In Östlin, Piroska, Danielsson, F., Diderichsen, F., Härenstam A., & Lindberg G. (eds.) (2001): Gender inequalities in health: a Swedish perspective. Boston. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Holmén Karin (1994): Loneliness among elderly people: implications for those with cognitive impairment. Stockholm, Norstedt. KarolinskalnstitutetDiss.
Jansson, Wallis (2001): Family-based dementia care: Experiences from the perspective of spouses and adult children Stockholm. Norstedt. Karolinska institutet Diss.
Johansson C, Skoog, Ingmar (1996): A population-based study on the association between dementia and hip fractures in 85-year olds. Aging (Milano) Jun; 8(3): 189–196.
Kristensen, Kerstin, Risbäck, Marie (2004): De sista ljuva aren–om utsatthet och erfarenheter av vald hos personal och vardtagare inom hemtjänsten. /The last nice years–on exposure to and experiences from violence of the staff and the care-takers in home-based care/. Göteborg. Rondo Grafisk Kommunikation AB.
Lagerlöf, Elisabeth (1993): Panel of experts on women work and health: national report Sweden; OECD Working Party on the Role of Women in the Economy. Stockholm. Ministry of Social Affairs. Ds 1993:98. Fritzes. Chapter 5 pp 93—98. Special risk factors for women. Working women after 45.
Lannerheim, Lena (1993): Vinnare och förlorare. En studie av medelalders och äldre kvinnors arbetsmiljö. Slutrapportering. (Winners and losers. A study of the working conditions of middle-aged and older women). Final report, Lund. Gerontologiskt Centrum. Wallin & Dalholm.
Lannerheim, Lena (1998): Arbete, genus och hälsa. En studie av medelalders och äldre personers arbetsmiljö. (Work, gender and health. A study of middle-aged and older persons’ working conditions), Lund. Gerontologiskt Centrum.
Larsson, Kristina (2004): According to need?: Predicting use of formal and informal care in a Swedish urban elderly population. Diss. Stockholm Univ. Stockholm Studies in Social Work, Stockholm: Dept. of Social Work. http://publications.uu.se/su/theses/abstract.xsql?dbid=109.
Lernfelt Bodil, Samuelsson O, Skoog, Ingmar, Landahl Sten (2003): An 18-year followup of overweight and risk of Alzheimer disease. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics Mar–Apr 36(2): 127–140.
Lewin, Bo (ed.) (1998): Sex i Sverige. Om sexuallivet i Sverige 1996 (Sex in Sweden. About Sex Habits in Sweden in 1996), Stockholm. Statens Folkhälsoinstitut (National Institute of Public Health). 1998: 11. Summary in Swedish pdf: http://www.fhi.se/templates/Page_930.aspx.
Liebetrau Martin, Steen Bertil, Skoog Ingmar (2003): Stroke in 85-Year-Olds. Prevalence, Incidence, Risk Factors and Relation to Mortality and Dementia. Stroke. Nov;34(11):2617–2622. Epub 2003 Oct 16. [PubMed — indexed for MEDLINE].
Lundberg Olle et al.(2002–2004): Swedold II. A follow-up of the living conditions of the oldest old. CHESS, Stockholm University, http://www.chess.su.se/chosenprojects.php?projectid=5&action=get.
Lundgren, Eva, Heimer, Gun, Westerstrand, Jenny, Kalliokoski, Anne-Marie (2001): Slagen Dam. Mäns vald mot kvinnor i jämställda Sverige ℚn mfangsundersökning. Brottsoffermyndigheten och Uppsala Universitet. Umea.
Lundgren, Eva, Heimer, Gun, Westerstrand, Jenny, Kalliokoski, Anne-Marie (2002): Captured queen: men’s violence against women in “equal” Sweden: a prevalence study; Umea: Brottsoffermyndigheten; Uppsala: Univ.; Stockholm: Fritze [distribution] Full text pdf: http://www.brottsoffermyndigheten.se/informationsmaterial/Captured%20queen.pdf/Captured%20Queen%20.pdf
Mattsson Sydner, Ylva (2002): Den maktlösa maltiden: Om mat inom äldreomsorgen. (The Unempowered Meal–About food and meals in the elderly-care). Uppsala. Uppsala University. Department of Domestic Sciences. Written in Swedish with an English summary: http://publications.uu.se/theses/abstract.xsql?dbid=2534.
National Board of Health and Welfare (2004): Framtidens anhörigomsorg — Kommer de anhöriga vilja, kunna, orka ställa upp för de äldre i framtiden? (Families/relatives and care of the elderly in the future) Stockholm: Socialstyrelsen.
National Board of Health and Welfare (2004a): Jämställd vard? Könsperspektiv pa hälsooch sjukvarden. (A gender perspective on Swedish health care). Stockholm: Socialstyrelsen. Pdf-fulltext: http://www.socialstyrelsen.se/Publicerat/2004/5153/2004-103-3.htm Summary in English: http://www.socialstyrelsen.se/Publicerat/2004/5153/Summary.htm.
National Board of Health and Welfare (2004b): Jämställd socialtjänst? Könsperspektiv pa socialtjänsten (Gender perspectives on social welfare). In Swedish only. Stockholm: Socialstyr.elsen.
Nilsson, Lotta (2002): Vald mot kvinnor i nära relationer (Abuse of women in close relations). Brottsförebyggande radet, BRA (The National Council for Crime Prevention) Report 2002:14. http://www.bra.se/web/english/ (English).
Ohlin, Hellen, Rinman, Ingrid (2002), Upplevelsen av pensioneringen: rapport fran en intervjustudie varen 2001. (The Experience of Retirement). Stockholm: SPF förl.
Oskarson, Maria, Wängnerud, Lena (1990): Kvinnor som väljare och valda: om betydelsen av kön i svensk politik (Women as electors and elected. The significance of sex in Swedish politics). Lund: Studentlitteratur, 1996.
Östlin, Piroska, Danielsson, F. Diderichsen F., Härenstam A., Lindberg G. (eds.) (2001): Gender inequalities in health: a Swedish perspective. Boston. Cambridge: Harvard University Press
Rennemark, Mikael (1999): Wellbeing in old age. Life history, sense of coherence and social networks in relation to health. Lund. Diss. Univ. Lund: KFS
Rydenstam, Klas, Engberg, Tobias, Berlin, Marie (2003): Tid för vardagsliv: kvinnors och mäns tidsanvändning 1990/91 och 2000/01 (Time for everyday life: women’s and men’s time use 1990/91 and 2000/01). Levnadsförhallanden. Rapport nr 99 /Living Conditions. Report no 99. Stockholm: Statistiska centralbyran (SCB).
Schenk-Gustafsson, Karin. (ed.), (2003): Kvinnohjärtan–hjärt och kärlsjukdomar hos kvinnor (Women’s hearts–cardiovascular diseases in women) In Swedish. Lund. Studentlitteratur.
SENIOR 2005. Parliamentary investigation. Äldrepolitik för framtiden (2003) (Policies for elderly people in the future). Swedish Government official reports, SOU 2003:91. Stockholm. Fakta info direct
Statistisk arsbok för Sverige (Statistcal Yearbook of Sweden) 2002. Argang / Volume 88. Stockholm: SCB; Örebro: Publikationstjänsten, SCB.
Steen, Bertil, (ed.) (2004): To Become Old. The Gerontological and Geriatric Population Studies in Göteborg, Sweden, 1971–2002. Göteborg. Department of Geriatric Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University.
Stiehr Karin, Huth Susanne (2001): Web witches and other older women: www.sophia-net.org: Exchanging information and discussing experience on the Internet; a publication of Bundesarbeitsgemeinschaft der Senioren-Organisationen (BAGSO), Bonn; [findings of a project in Austria, France and Germany], in: Karin Stiehr; Susanne Huth (ed.). In co-operation with Europäisches Zentrum für Wohlfahrtspolitik und Sozialforschung, Wien, [Transi.: Pauline Cumbers; Stephen Richards] Verlag Peter Wiehl, Stuttgart-Marburg-Erfurt.
Sundin, Elisabeth (ed.) (1997): Om makt och kön: i sparen av offentliga organisationers omvandling: rapport till Utredningen om fördelningen av ekonomisk makt och ekonomiska resurser mellan kvinnor och män (About power and sex during reorganisation of public institutions). Statens offentliga utredningar (SOU) / Swedish Government official reports 1997:83. Stockholm. Fritzes offentliga publikationer
Swahn W. (1999) The care of patients with ischaemic heart disease from a gender persective. European Heart Journal. Nov; 20(21): 1600.
Torgén, Margareta, Stenlund Carin, Ahlberg Gunilla, Marklund, Staffan (2001): Et,t hallbart arbetsliv för alla aldrar. (A sustainable working life for all ages) Stockholm. Arbetslivsinstitutet. http://arbetslivsinstitutet.se/isbn/2001/isbn9170456119.pdf
Trossholm, Nina (2000): Tid till eftertanke: kvinnligt pensionärsliv ur ett klassoch livsloppsperspektived (Time for reflection. Female pensioners-life in a class-and lifecourse perspective). In Swedish with an English summery. Skrifter fran Etnologiska föreningen I Västsverige no. 32. Göteborg. Diss. Department of Ethnology, Göteborg University.
Women and Men in Sweden (2004). Statistics Sweden. http://www.scb.se/templates/publdb/publikation_2725.asp&plopnr=1738.
Official and Other Public Statistics
Swedish Work Environment Authority (SWEA) Arbetsmiljöverket, responsible for the information system on accidents at work (ISA): http://www.av.se/statistik/eng/de-fault.asp (Engl.).
The Swedish Institute for Transport and Communications Analysis, SIKA, statistics on traffic accidents: http://www.sika-institute.se/englishfr.html.
Adverse drug reaction register: http://www.mpa.se/eng/index.shtml.
Swedish statistics on medicines: http://www.apoteket.Se/rd/d/2215/a/3336.
CAN (Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs): http://www.can.se/sida.asp?navld=19.
Statistics Sweden/ Statistiska Centralbyran, SCB: http://www.scb.se/.
Surveys of Living Conditions/Undersökningarna av levnadsförhallanden, ULF: http://www.scb.se/templates/Product_12187.asp (Engl.).
Gender statistis. Women and Men in Sweden: http://www.scb.se/templates/Product_12237.asp (Engl.).
Work Environment Surveys: http://www.scb.se/templates/Product_21021.asp (Engl.).
Labour Force Survey (LFS): http://www.scb.se/templates/Product_23276.asp (Engl.).
National Board of Health and Welfare http://www.sos.se/sosmenye.htm (Engl.).
National Board of Health and Welfare is responsible for several official registers, including the cause-of-death register, the cancer register, the cancer-environment register, the Hospital discharge register, the Myocardial infarction register, which can all be found by way of the statistics department: http://www.sos.se/sose/sos/omsos/statist.htm (Engl.).
European Home and Leisure Injury Surveillance System, EHLASSS.: http://www.sos.se/epc/english/ehlasseng.htm (Engl).
Some Additional Addresses for Research and Research Groups in Sweden
The Aging Research Center in Stockholm (ARC), the Division of Geriatric Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, and the Sophiahemmet–DOGE research group: http://www.neurotec.ki.se/doge/index.html.
The Stockholm Gerontological Research Center: http://www.aldrecentrum.se/english.html.
The Swedish National Study on Ageing and Care (SNAC): http://www.aldrecentrum.se/snack/; http://www.snac.org/engelsk.html.
The Kungsholmen Project: http://www.neurotec.ki.se/doge/kungsholmen/.
CHESS, Centre for Health Equity Studies of the Stockholm University and Karolinska Institutet: http://www.chess.su.se/index.php.
SWEOLD. The Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old study: http://www.sweold.se/.
Swedold II. A follow-up of the living conditions of the oldest old. CHESS, Stockholm University: http://www.chess.su.se/projects.php?Pld=5.
Gender differences in health and survival–a life-course perspective: http://www.chess.su.se/projects.php?PId=38.
The Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI), Stockholm University: http://www.sofi.su.se/indexe.htm.
The Department of Social Work, Stockholm: http://www.socarb.su.se/forskningsavdelningen/forskpublikat.htm.
Swedish Twin Register: http://www.mep.ki.se/twinreg/indexen.html.
The Department of Primary Health Care, Göteborg, with Populationsstudien av kvinnor i Göteborg (The Population Study of Women in Gothenburg): http://www.sahlgrenska.gu.se/allmed/forskning/index_kv_pop.jsp.
H 70. The gerontological and geriatric population studies in Göteborg, Sweden, are performed at Department of Geriatric Medicine, Göteborg University: http://wwhost.gu.se/geriatrik/.
The Social Gerontology Group, Uppsala University: http://www.soc.uu.se/research/gerontology/.
SENIOR FOOD-QOL — Quality of Life and Management of Living Resources. Choosing foods, eating meals: sustaining independency of life in old age Vardvetenskap, Uppsala University: http://www.pubcare.uu.se/care/care/forskningsprojekt/matl.htm.
Division of Geriatric Medicine, Lund University http://www.med.lu.se/english/hvs/geriatric_medicine/research
The Lundby Study — 50 years of psychiatric epidemiology: http://search.lu.se/search/medfak-lu/?q=Lundby&submit=S%F6k
The Lund Longitudinal Dementia Study. A neuropsychiatric, http://www.research.med.lu.se/en_projektdetaljer.php?Proj=429
The Aged and the Economy, Departments of Economics and Economic History and School of Social Work, Lund University: http://www.ekh.lu.se/ed/English/research/elderly_economy.htm
School of Health Sciences, Jönköping, Inst. of Gerontology: http://mars.hhj.hj.se/hhj%5Fsql/default.asp?V_DOC_JD=831
The Octo Twin Project: http://www.cdhg.psu.edu/octotwin/index.html
The Gender Study. Aging in Women and Men. A Second Follow-up in a Longitudinal Twin Study of Gender Differences in Health Behavior and Health Among Elderly: http://mars.ws.hj.se/hhj%5Fsql/default.asp?V_DOC_ID=1027
The NONA Study, Publications and Presentations: http://mars.hhj.hj.se/hhj%5Fsql/default.asp?V_DOC_ID=835
The Betula Project–Aging, Memory, Dementia: http://www.psy.umu.se/memory/Betula.html (Engl.).
The National Institute of Working Life (Arbetslivsinstuitute is the national centre of knowledge for issues concerning working life and carries out research and studies): http://www.arbetslivsinstitutet.se/en (English)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften | GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lindencrona, B., Westerholm, B. (2006). Mapping Existing Research and Identifying Knowledge Gaps Concerning the Situation of Older Women in Europe (MERI). From the Swedish National Report. In: Backes, G.M., Lasch, V., Reimann, K. (eds) Gender, Health and Ageing. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90355-2_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-90355-2_4
Publisher Name: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften
Print ISBN: 978-3-531-14980-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-531-90355-2
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawSocial Sciences (R0)