Advertisement

Jenseits der Grenzen des Wandels

  • Hein MaraisEmail author
Chapter
First Online:
  • 1.6k Downloads

Zusammenfassung

Als sich der südafrikanische Winter im August 2012 dem Ende näherte, liefen schockierende Bilder um die Welt. Sie zeigten die südafrikanische Polizei, die auf demonstrierende Arbeiter schoss. Die Arbeiter hatten für höhere Löhne in den Platingruben im Nordwesten des Landes gestreikt. Das alles wirkte absurd, geradezu anachronistisch. Einen solchen Gewaltexzess hatte man immer mit dem Apartheidregime in Verbindung gebracht, nicht aber mit dem Südafrika der Postapartheid. Die schwer bewaffnete Polizei feuerte am 16. August mit Faustfeuerwaffen und Selbstladegewehren in eine Gruppe schwarzer Bergleute und machte dafür Notwehr geltend. 34 Arbeiter wurden getötet, 78 verwundet. Es stellte sich später heraus, dass die meisten Arbeiter unbewaffnet waren und dass zwölf in einem Hinterhalt der Polizei niedergeschossen worden waren. Später wurde festgestellt, dass mehrere Opfer in den Rücken geschossen worden waren, einige von ihnen mehrmals (Marinovich 2012). Zehn weitere Menschen, einschließlich Polizisten und privates Sicherheitspersonal, waren bereits in der vorhergegangenen Woche getötet worden. Die Polizei nahm zudem hunderte der Überlebenden fest. Viele berichteten, dass sie im Gewahrsam gefoltert wurden. Vertreter der Anklagebehörde versuchten ein Gesetz der Apartheidära heranzuziehen, um 270 der ArbeiterInnen für die Ermordung ihrer Kollegen – die in Wahrheit von der Polizei erschossen worden waren (BBC 2012) – verantwortlich zu machen. Später zogen sie ihre Anschuldigungen zurück.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access.

Literatur

  1. Afrobarometer (2012): Partisanship, participation and national identity: March 2012 summary of results for South Africa, Afrobarometer Round 5, March. Available at http://www.idasa.org/media/uploads/outputs/files/2012_afrobarometer__briefing_citizenship_and_partisanship.pdf
  2. BBC (2012): SA miners charged with murder’ (31.08.2012): www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-19432600.
  3. Banerjee, A. et al. (2006): Why has unemployment risen in the new South Africa? Centre for International Development Working Paper No 134, October, Harvard University.Google Scholar
  4. Bond, P. (1999): Elite Transition: From Apartheid to Neoliberalism in South Africa, Pluto Press, London.Google Scholar
  5. Bradshaw, D. et al. (2008): Every death counts: use of mortality audit data for decision making to save the lives of mothers, babies, and children in South Africa, Lancet, Vol. 371, pp. 1294–1304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  6. Buhlungu, S. (ed.) (2006a): Trade Unions and Democracy: COSATU Workers’ Political Attitudes in South Africa, HSRC Press, Pretoria.Google Scholar
  7. Buhlungu, S. (2006b): Upstarts or bearers of tradition? The Anti-Privatisation Forum of Gauteng, in Ballard, R., Habib, A., Valodia, I. (eds.) Voices of protest: Social movements in post-apartheid South Africa, University of KwaZulu-Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg.Google Scholar
  8. Casale, D. & Posel, D. (2009): Unions and the gender wage gap in South Africa, Working Paper No. 113, School of Development Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal.Google Scholar
  9. Casale, D., Muller, C., Posel, D. (2005): Two Million Net New Jobs: A Reconsideration of the Rise in Employment in South Africa, 1995–2003, DPRU Working Paper no. 05/97, Development Policy Research Unit, University of Cape Town.Google Scholar
  10. Centre for Applied Legal Studies [CALS] (2008): Submission to Parliament on Free Basic Water, August, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. Available at http://www.pmg.org.za/files/docs/080813cals.doc.
  11. Coovadia, H. et al. (2009): The health and health system of South Africa: historical roots of current public health challenges, Lancet, Vol. 374 No. 9692, pp 817–834.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  12. COSATU (1997): Report of the September Commission, COSATU, Johannesburg.Google Scholar
  13. Feinstein, A. (2007): After the party: A personal and political journey inside the ANC, Jonathan Ball Publishers, Johannesburg.Google Scholar
  14. Fine, B. & Rustomjee, Z. (1996): The political economy of South Africa: From Mineral-Energy Complex to industrialization, Hurst & Co., London.Google Scholar
  15. Friedman, S. & Mottiar, S. (2006): Seeking the high ground: The Treatment Action Campaign and the politics of morality. In: Ballard, R., Habib, A., Valodia I. (eds.) Voices of protest: Social movements in post-apartheid South Africa, University of KwaZulu-Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg.Google Scholar
  16. Gevisser, M. (2007): Thabo Mbeki: The dream deferred. Jonathan Ball, Johannesburg.Google Scholar
  17. Gumede, W. (2005): Thabo Mbeki and the battle for the soul of the ANC, Zebra Press, Cape Town.Google Scholar
  18. Gwagwa, L. & Everatt, D. (2005): Community-driven development in South Africa, 1992–2004, Africa Region Working Paper Series No. 92, October, World Bank.Google Scholar
  19. Habib, A. (2005): State-civil society relations in post-apartheid South Africa, Social Research, Vol. 72 No. 3, pp. 671–692.Google Scholar
  20. Hirsch, A. (2005): Season of Hope: Economic Reform Under Mbeki and Mandela, University of Kwazulu-Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg.Google Scholar
  21. Kapp, Clare (2009): South Africa heads into elections in a sorry state of health, in: Lancet, Vol. 373, 24 (Januar).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  22. Kingdon, G. & Knight, J. (2005): Unemployment in South Africa, 1995–2003: Causes, problems and policies, Global Poverty Research Group. Available at http://www.gprg.org.
  23. Lavery, J. (2012): Protest and political participation in South Africa: Time trends and characteristics of protestors, Afrobarometer Briefing Paper No. 102, May, Afrobarometer, Cape Town. Available at http://www.afrobarometer.org/files/documents/briefing_papers/afrobriefno102.pdf.
  24. Makgetla, N. S. (2005): Development and underdevelopment in context. In: Edigheji, O., (ed.) Trajectories for South Africa: Reflections on the ANC's 2nd National General Council's discussion documents, Pecial edition of Policy: Issues and Actors, Vol. 18, No. 2, Centre for Policy Studies, Johannesburg, pp. 27-33Google Scholar
  25. Mamdani, M. (1996): Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism, Princeton University, Princeton.Google Scholar
  26. Marais, H. (2011): South Africa pushed to the limit: The political economy of change, Zed Books, London.Google Scholar
  27. Marinovich, Greg (2012): Marikana: A cover-up for all to see, in Daily Maverick (06.11.2012): http://dailymaverick.co.za/opinionista/2012-11-06-marikana-a-cover-up-for-all-to-see
  28. Medical Research Council (2012): Rapid mortality surveillance report 2011, August, Medical Research Council of South Africa, Cape Town.Google Scholar
  29. Meth, C. (2007): What is pro-poor growth? What are some of the things that hinder its achievement in South Africa? Research report prepared for Oxfam GB, May, Johannesburg.Google Scholar
  30. Mohamed, S. (2010): The state of the South African economy. In: Daniel, J., Naidoo, P., Pillay D., Southall, R. et al. (eds.) South Africa review 2109, Wits University Press, Johannesburg.Google Scholar
  31. Peters, P.E. (2009): Review of Land, power and custom, Journal of Peasant Studies, Vol. 36 No. 2.Google Scholar
  32. Pillay, D. (2008): COSATU, the SACP and the ANC post-Polokwane: Looking left but does it feel right?, Labour, Capital and Society, Vol. 41 No. 2, pp. 5–37.Google Scholar
  33. Seekings, J. (2006): Facts, Myths, and Controversies: The Measurement and Analysis of Poverty and Inequality after Apartheid, Paper prepared for the After Apartheid Conference, 11th–12th August, Cape Town.Google Scholar
  34. Statistics SA (2009): General household survey 2008, Statistical release P0318, September, Statistics SA, Pretoria.Google Scholar
  35. Statistics SA (2008a): Income & Expenditures of Households 2005/2006: Analysis of results, Statistics South Africa, Pretoria. Available at http://www.sarpn.org.za/documents/d0003023/index.php.
  36. Statistics SA (2008b): General Household Survey 2007, Statistical release P0318, September, Statistics South Africa, Pretoria.Google Scholar
  37. Statistics SA (2005): Labour Force Survey, Statistics SA, Pretoria.Google Scholar
  38. Steinberg, J. (2009): Thin blue: The unwritten rules of policing South Africa, Cape Town, Jonathan Ball.Google Scholar
  39. Terreblanche, S. (2012): Lost in transformation: South Africa’s search for a new future since 1986, KMM Review Publishing, Johannesburg.Google Scholar

Copyright information

© Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.GeneveSchweiz

Personalised recommendations

Cite chapter

Buy options